Abstract: The invention provides PDE9-inhibiting compounds of Formula (I), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, A, and n are as defined herein. Pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds of Formula I, and uses thereof in treating neurodegenerative and cognitive disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia, are also provided.

Abstract: Egg candling methods and apparatus are provided wherein the optical path between a light source and light detector is monitored for obscuring debris and/or malfunctions. A method of candling eggs includes illuminating an egg with light from a light source; receiving light passing through the egg at a light detector; generating an output signal that corresponds to light received at the light detector for the egg; and analyzing the output signal to determine whether the optical path between the light source and light detector has been altered. In response to determining that a respective optical path has been altered, the light source and/or light detector is cleaned and/or inspected for malfunctions. Cleaning the light source and/or light detector may include wiping a surface of the light source and/or light detector and/or spraying a surface of the light source and/or light detector with a fluid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polynucleotide molecules comprising sequences encoding avec gene products, which polynucleotide molecules can be used to alter the ratio or amount of class 2:1 avermectins produced in fermentation cultures of Streptomyces avermitilis. AveC genes, homologs and partial homologs thereof are described for S. avermitilis, S. hygroscopicus, and S. griseochromogenes, respectively. The present invention further relates to vectors, host cells, and mutant strains of Streptomyces avermitilis in which the avec gene has been inactivated, or mutated so as to change the ratio or amount of class 2:1 avermectins produced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polynucleotide molecules comprising sequences encoding avec gene products, which polynucleotide molecules can be used to alter the ratio or amount of class 2:1 avermectins produced in fermentation cultures of Streptomyces avermitilis. AveC genes, homologs and partial homologs thereof are described for S. avermitilis , S. hygroscopicus, and S. griseochromogenes, respectively. The present invention further relates to vectors, host cells, and mutant strains of Streptomyces avermitilis in which the avec gene has been inactivated, or mutated so as to change the ratio or amount of class 2:1 avermectins produced.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of formula (I): where Q is a group of formula: These compounds inhibit cyclic guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate phosphodiesterases (cGMP PDEs). More notably, the compounds are potent and selective inhibitors of the type 5 cyclic guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate phosphodiesterases and have utility therefore in a variety of therapeutic areas. In particular, the present compounds are of value for the curative or prophylactic treatment of mammalian sexual disorders.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the preparation of a compound according to Formula (II): which includes the step of cyclising a compound of Formula (III): wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, X and m have meanings which are given in the description.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) wherein the substituents are as defined herein, are antiparasitic agents.

Abstract: A process is provide for the preparation of compounds of formula (I) herein comprising reacting a compound of formula (III), (IV) or (V) wherein the variables are as defined in the specification. The reaction is conducted in the presence of −OR3 and a hydroxide trapping agent or in the case of compounds of formula (IV) reacting in the presence of an auxiliary base and a hydroxide trapping agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula I

Abstract: Compounds of general formula (I): wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, X, Y and A have the meanings given herein which are useful in the curative and prophylactic treatment of a medical condition for which inhibition of a cyclic guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate phosphodiesterase (e.g. cGMP PDE5) is desired.

Abstract: There is provided a compound of formula I: wherein X represents O or NR5 R4 represents H, halo, cyano, nitro, halo(loweralkyl), OR6, OC(O)R7, C(O)R8, C(O)OR9, C(O)NR10R11, NR12R13, NR16Y(O)R17, N[Y(O)R17]2, SOR18, SO2R19, C(O)AZ, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, Het, alkylHet, aryl, alkylaryl (which latter seven groups are all optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from halo, cyano, nitro, lower alkyl, halo(loweralkyl), OR6, OC(O)R7, C(O)R8, C(O)OR9, C(O)NR10R11, NR12R13 and SO2NR14R15) which are useful in the curative and prophylactic treatment of a medical condition for which inhibition of a cyclic guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate phosphodiesterase (e.g., cGMP PDE5) is desired.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula wherein R1, R3, R5 and A are defined as in the specification, to pharmaceutical compositions containing them and to their medicinal use. The compounds of the invention are useful in the treatment of inflammation and other inflammation associated disorders, such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, colon cancer and Alzheimer's disease, in mammals (preferably humans, dogs, cats and livestock).

Abstract: This invention provides a compound of the formula: or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein A is partially unsaturated or unsaturated five membered heterocyclic, or partially unsaturated or unsaturated five membered carbocyclic, wherein the 4-(sulfonyl)phenyl and the 4-substituted phenyl in the formula (I) are attached to ring atoms of Ring A, which are adjacent to each other; R1 is optionally substituted aryl or heteroaryl, with the proviso that when A is pyrazole, R1 is heteroaryl; R2 is C1-4 alkyl, halo-substituted C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkylamino, C1-4 dialkylamino or amino; R3, R4 and R5 are independently hydrogen, halo,, C1-4 alkyl, halo-substituted C1-4 alkyl or the like; or two of R3, R4 and R5 are taken together with atoms to which they are attached and form a 4-7 membered ring; R6 and R7 are independently hydrogen, halo, C1-4 alkyl, halo-substituted C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy, C1-4 alkylthio, C1-4 alkylamino or N,N-di C1-4 alkylamino; and m and n are independently 1, 2, 3 o

Abstract: Compounds according to the formula A—Z—W as herein described, wherein A is selected from the groups consisting of: A′—(CH2)n—, A′—(CH2)nSO2—, and A′—(CH2)nCO—, where n is 0 to 4; and A′ is selected from (a) (C6-C10)aryl-, or (b) (C1-C9)heteroaryl-; which groups may be optionally substituted; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates or hydrates thereof; pharmaceutical compositions thereof; and methods useful to facilitate secretion of growth hormone(GH) in mammals.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a novel strain of feline immunodeficiency virus, designated herein as FIV-141, and to attenuated forms of the virus produced by mutating specific regions of the viral genome. The virus and mutated forms of the virus may be used to induce the production of antibodies to FIV-141, and in vaccines designed to protect cats from FIV.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: and its pharmaceutically effective salts, wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from the following: (a) hydrogen, halo, R5—, C2-6 alkenyl, C2-6 alkynyl, hydroxy-R5—, R5—O—R5—, or the like; (b) Ar—, Ar—R5—, Ar—C2-6 alkenyl, Ar—C2-6 alkynyl, Ar—O—, Ar—O—R5— or the like; (c) R5—C(O)—, —NO2, cyano, NH2—C(O)—, R5—NH—C(O)—, (R5)2—N—C(O)—, Ar—C(O)— or the like; and (d) R5—C(O)—NH—, Ar—C(O)—NH— or the like; wherein Ar is optionally substituted aryl or heteroaryl such as phenyl and pyridyl; and wherein R5 is optionally halo-substituted C1-6 alkyl; R3 is selected from the following: (e) cyano, formyl, tetrazolyl, triazolyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, R5—C(O)—, C2-6 alkenyl-C(O)—, C2-6 alkynyl-C(O)—, R5—C(O)—R5—, or the

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing compounds of the Formula I, wherein R1, R2 and Pt are as defined in the specification, which are intermediates in the synthesis of certain growth hormone secretagogue compounds. This invention further relates to processes for preparing the growth hormone secretagogues. The invention also relates to the compound of Formula I wherein R1 is H, R2 is 2,2,2-trifluoromethyl and Pt is Boc.

Abstract: The invention relates to processes for preparing compounds of formula 1: as well as intermediates useful in such processes, wherein R1-R4 are as defined herein. The compounds of formula 1 are useful in the treatment or alleviation of inflammation and other inflammation associated disorders.

Abstract: This invention provides a compound of the formula (I): or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof wherein R1 is hydrogen, halo or alkyl; R2 and R3 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aminoalkyl or hydroxyalkyl; or R2 and R3 taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached may form hetrocyclic; R4 is hydrogen, halo, acyl, amino, amido, aryl, arylalkyl, or heteroaryl; R5 is hydrogen, halo, alkyl alkenyl, alkynyl, acyl, amino, amido, aryl, arylalkyl, or heteroaryl; R6 is hydrogen, alkyl or alkoxyalkyl; X is NR9 wherein R9 is hydrogen or alkyl; and Y is (CR7R8)n wherein n is an integer from 0 to 5. These compounds have 5-HT4 receptor binding activity, and thus are useful for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease, non-ulcer dyspepsia, Functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome or the like in mammalian, especially humans. This invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising the above compound.

Abstract: The following invention relates to a process for oxidizing alkyl groups attached directly or via a linker, to a sulfonamide moiety (II) by the use of cytochrome P450 enzymes, to give the corresponding alcohol or carboxylic acid (I). wherein R is an organic radical, X is a linker, Y is —C(CH3)2— or —CH(CH3)— and Z is —CH2OH or —COOH.