Abstract: A method and apparatus for making a globoid screw for use as a mainrotor in a compressor or expander wherein a cylindrical rotor body is mounted for rotation about the longitudinal axis thereof, a cutter having a plurality of teeth at spaced locations around a circumference disposed in a plane and having an axis of rotation disposed perpendicular to that plane is mounted for rotation about its axis and is disposed so that the plane thereof is parallel to the rotor body longitudinal axis and so that the cutter rotational axis is perpendicular to the rotor longitudinal axis, and the rotor body and the cutter are rotated at synchronized speeds.

Abstract: A method for generating stepper motor ramps and analyzing the motor torque required compared with the motor torque available wherein the generated ramp accelerates the motor as fast as possible while maintaining a user settable torque safety factor and/or safety margin. The method uses the minimum available stepper motor torque at the current motor speed to ultimately compute the maximum useable acceleration, uses the maximum acceleration to generate the next motor step time and hence the next motor velocity, computes the next velocity from the desired acceleration and the previous velocity and utilizes friction during deceleration of the motor.

Abstract: A flash system and method for providing artificial illumination for image capture wherein a source of flash illumination operates selectively in a first mode for projecting light in a first direction toward an indirect reflecting surface to illuminate a subject indirectly and in a second mode for projecting light in a second direction to illuminate the subject directly, electromagnetic radiation reflected directly from the indirect reflecting surface is sensed directly to provide a signal containing information about the indirect reflecting surface, and the information contained in the signal is utilized to control the selective projection of light in the first and second directions to control the quantities of indirect and direct light which illuminate the subject.

Abstract: A method for dimpling and riveting a workpiece wherein the workpiece is clamped, the dimpling, drilling and riveting are performed sequentially while the workpiece is clamped, and the workpiece is heated prior to dimpling. During clamping a pressure foot force is applied to one side of the workpiece, and during dimpling a force is applied to the opposite side causing movement of the workpiece a small distance and against the pressure foot force. The dimpled recess in the workpiece is in the general shape of a truncated cone, and the drilling provides a rivet-receiving hole through the workpiece in the recess. When it is desired to provide a fluid-tight seal, the minor diameter of the truncated cone is made slightly greater than the diameter of the rivet-receiving hole thereby providing an annular step or ledge extending between the hole and the outwardly diverging wall of the dimpled recess.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for making a globoid screw for use as a mainrotor in a compressor or expander wherein a cylindrical rotor body is mounted for rotation about the longitudinal axis thereof, a cutter having a pluality of teeth at spaced locations around a circumference disposed in a plane and having an axis of rotation disposed perpendicular to that plane is mounted for rotation about its axis and is disposed so that the plane thereof is parallel to the rotor body longitudinal axis and so that the cutter rotational axis is perpendicular to the rotor longitudinal axis, and the rotor body and the cutter are rotated at synchronized speeds.

Abstract: A circuit for operating a load in response to predetermined external conductivity conditions comprising a pair of sensing electrodes, a source of electrical energy connected to one of the electrodes, a load connected to the other of the electrodes, a controlled switch connected to the load, a first energy storage branch having a timing chracteristic and connected between the source and the other electrode, a second energy storage branch having a timing characteristic and connected across the combination of the load and a controlled switch, and a control operatively connected to the first and second branches and connected in controlling relation to the controlled switch so that when the electrodes are exposed to a first medium having a predetermined electrical conductivity energy builds up on first and second branches and the controlled switch is open and then a predetermined time after the electrodes are exposed to a second medium having a different electrical conductivity the controlled switch is closed and

Abstract: A layout tape is disclosed for use in positioning building materials, such as studding, joists and rafters, in a building, wherein the tape is intended to be left in place within the building upon completion. The layout tape preferably has an adhesive backing facilitating positioning/mounting thereof at a point of use and an indicia/design bearing surface serving to indicate to a user the direction of layout, centers in desired multiples of unit lengths and right/left material mounting positions in relation to such centers.

Abstract: A process is provided for forming a fire retardant composition useful for treating cellulosic materials to impart both fire retardant properties and improved thermal stability under high temperature and humidity conditions. The process comprises reacting a solution of orthophosphoric acid, urea and water having a weight ratio from about 0.1 to about 15 orthophosphoric acid per part urea for a time of about 15 minutes to about 3 hours at a temperature from about 25.degree. C. to about 90.degree. C.; adding hydroxide in an amount sufficient to adjust the pH of the solution from about 6.0 to about 9.0; reacting the solution with formaldehyde having a weight ratio from about 1.0 to about 56 total initial orthophosphoric acid per part formaldehyde for a time of about 5 minutes to about 1.5 hours at a temperature from about 25.degree. C. to about 90.degree. C., and adjusting the final pH of the solution from about 7.0 to about 8.5 with ammonium hydroxide.

Abstract: A stroke-limiting stop for a fluid locking device wherein movement between a piston and cylinder is influenced by fluid in the device, the stop comprising a housing having internal shape and dimension enabling one end of the cylinder to move longitudinally within at least one formation on the inner surface of the housing, and a stop element within the housing and having a portion adapted to engage the formation establishing a fixed position on the stop element along the housing longitudinal axis, the stop element being supported within the housing for movement between positions wherein the portion of the element either engages the formation or is out of engagement therewith with so that the stop element in the first position acts as an abutment to contact the cylinder upon movement into the housing thereby limiting the extent of relative movement between the piston and cylinder.

Abstract: An applicator for applying two rail fasteners at right angle to a rail. The applicator incorporates a pair of applicator arms pivoted midway between their ends and having an hydraulic ram connected between their upper ends. This enables the abutment faces on the lower ends of the applicator arms to be moved in unison toward the rail fasteners or away from them. The applicator also incorporates a brake mechanism which contacts the wheel of the applicator which rides the rail. This brake mechanism is adjustable to adjust the height of the applicator arms above the rail tie so that when the applicator is stopped the applicator abutment faces are at the correct height.

Abstract: A glass frit composition having the theoretical oxide values (in weight %) of 0.5-9 Li.sub.2 O, 29-38 Na.sub.2 O, 0-25 CaO, 5-10 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 and 38-50 of SiO.sub.2 is characterized in that it is virtually fluorine-free and was found to be eminently suitable in its molten form as a lubricant in the continuous casting of steel. The invention is thus related to a lithium containing fluorine-free frit compositions and in a second aspect to an improvement in the process for the continuous casting of steel, the improvement comprising using as a lubricant the glass frit composition referred to above.

Abstract: An orthdontic/facial orthopedic appliance for use in applying a pulling force to select teeth, the associated arch, and or jaw component(s) for moving/modifying and positioning the same. The appliance includes a frame supported primarily on the forward cranial portions of the patient's head and shaped to outline the area of the patient's face lateral to the forehead, eyes, nose and mouth, doe not apply force to the temporo-mandibular joint and is stationary against the face during lower jaw movement. The pulling force is in the form of elastic elements connected at one end to a member fixed to the frame and extending therefrom in a manner to be forward of the patient's mouth when the appliance is in a position of use, and at the other end thereof to selected teeth of the patient such that the pulling force pulls the selected teeth, associated arch, and/or upper jaw component(s) in a direction toward the frame.

Abstract: Riveting apparatus for operation on a workpiece having opposite sides and supported vertically on a horizontal surface comprising a frame having a pair of spaced apart sides movable along the supporting surface and straddling the workpiece, first and second carriages movably mounted on respective sides of the frame and riveting tools on first and second heads on the first and second carriages, respectively, the tools being movable toward and away from the workpiece. The frame travels in a first direction along the supporting surface and along the workpiece, the first and second carriages are movable in a direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction and toward and away from the supporting surface, and the frame is movable in a third direction transverse to the first direction and toward and away from the workpiece.

Abstract: A solid cathode liquid organic electrolyte lithium cell for delivering high current pulses comprising a casing, a cathode structure in the casing comprising a plurality of plates in spaced apart relation, a lithium anode comprising a plurality of anode sections interposed between the cathode plates, a non-aqueous liquid organic electrolyte comprising the combination of a lithum salt and an organic solvent in the casing operatively contacting the anode and the cathode an electrical connection provided to the anode and an electrical connection provided to the cathode. In accordance with one aspect of the invention the cathode includes as active material Ag.sub.x V.sub.2 O.sub.y where x is in the range from about 0.5 to about 2.0 and y is in the range from about 4.5 to about 6.

Abstract: A portable electric lamp of explosion-proof construction including an elongated hand grip, an elongated flourescent bulb having a U-shaped joint light-generating portion supported at one end of the hand grip and a transparent tube positioned about the light-generating portion of the bulb utilizes an elongated tubular protector element positioned about the transparent tube and which cooperates with the hand grip to maintain the transparent tube in position about the light-generating portion of the bulb. The lamp further includes a power cord routed through the end of the hand grip opposite the light-generating portion and the lamp includes an amount of magnesite base cement positioned in the hand grip and interposed between the light-generating portion and a section of the power cord entering the hand grip. The lamp further includes a ballast assembly having a ballast interconnected in the power cord at a location remote of the hand grip and wherein the ballast is encased in magnesite base cement.

Abstract: A new and improved solder tinning paste composition suitable for use as an underlay for metallic solder when solder filling base metal braze joints to facilitate formation of the solder joint between the base metals. The paste composition comprises substantially pure tin powder, suspending agent, inorganic based flux and solvent. Optionally, the paste composition may comprise a deoxidizing agent, a soil removing agent and a surfactant.The solder tinning paste exhibits enhanced flowing and wetting characteristics and a lower melting point. In another aspect thereof, the present invention provides a process for formulating the foregoing solder paste composition.

Abstract: A process for physically and chemically treating a used engine coolant containing one or more glycol and/or alcohol-based antifreeze components. The process includes the steps of oxidation with one or more known oxidizing agents, precipitation with one or more known salt forming agents and filtration through any suitable filtration membrane or other separation means.A chemical additive has been developed for use in carrying out the process of the present invention which initiates and maximizes the amount of oxidation and precipitation occurring within the coolant composition, adds one or more suitable corrosion inhibitors and one or more known buffering agents in a sufficient amount to adjust the pH of the final solution to between about 9.5 and 10.5.An apparatus for use in accordance with the process of the present invention for recycling the engine coolant is also described herein.

Abstract: In an alkali metal/halogen or oxyhalide electrochemical cell wherein an alkali metal anode, preferably lithium, has a surface in operative contact with a halogen-containing or oxyhalide cathode/electrolyte including a solvent if necessary, a coating on the anode surface comprising a thin film or substrate material impregnated with organic material, for example organic electron donor material, or other suitable coating material. The substrate material is flexible, preferably a synthetic open mesh fabric material, and the film is prepared by contacting the substrate material with a solution of the organic material and solvent followed by drying. The resulting film is flexible and is applied to the operative surface of the anode thereby coating the same, preferably adhered to the surface by pressing. The flexible film can be applied equally well to anode surfaces which are either smooth and flat or irregular.