Abstract: Refrigerant composition are disclosed which comprises: (a) pentafluoroethane, trifluoromethoxydifluoromethane or hexafluorocyclopropane, or a mixture of two or more thereof, in an amount of at least 75% based on the weight of the composition, (b) 1,1,1,2- or 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, trifluoromethoxypentafluoroethane, 1,1,1,2,3,3-heptafluoropropane or a mixture of two or more thereof, in an amount of from 10 to 20% by weight based on the weight of the composition and (c) an ethylenically unsaturated or saturated hydrocarbon, optionally containing one or more oxygen atoms, with a boiling point from ?50° C. to +35° C., or a mixture thereof in an amount from 1% to 4% by weight based on the weight of the composition the weight ratio of component (a):component (b) being at least 4:1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery of compositions which include fluoroethane, 2-fluoropropane or tert-butylfluoride. These compositions are useful as pure components or with at least one of tetrafluoroethane, difluoroethane, hexafluoropropane, a hydrocarbon or dimethylether. These compositions are useful as aerosol propellants, refrigerants, cleaning agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes, refrigerants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, power cycle working fluids, polymerization media, particulate removal fluids, carrier fluids, buffing abrasive agents, and displacement drying agents.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions of cyclopentane, and a compound selected from the group consisting of hydrofluorocarbons, hydrofluoroethers, or fluorinated sulfur compounds. Specifically these compounds may be selected from the group consisting of tetrafluoroethane, hexafluoropropane, pentafluoropropane, tetrafluoropropane, trifluoropropane, difluoropropane, octafluorobutane, hexafluorobutane, pentafluorobutane, nonafluorobutane, difluorobutane, trifluoro-2-methoxyethane and bis(pentafluoroethyl)sulfide. The compositions, which may be azeotropic or azeotrope-like, may be used as refrigerants, cleaning agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes, aerosol propellants, refrigerants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, power cycle working fluids, polymerization media, particulate removal fluids, carrier fluids, buffing abrasive agents or displacement drying agents.

Abstract: Dehydroxylated oxide (e.g. silica) particles are obtained by reacting oxide particles, having surface hydroxyl groups, with a dialkylcarbonate or diarylcarbonate. The resulting products have surface alkoxy or aryloxy groups and significantly reduced hydroxyl content. The treated oxide particles are especially suitable for use as catalyst supports, and especially as polyolefin catalyst supports.

Abstract: A method of making chromium containing oxide gel-based catalyst wherein an oxide hydrogel is convened to a xerogel by azeotropic distillation of a mixture of said hydrogel and an organic solvent, the improvement comprising impregnating the gel with a chromium compound during azeotropic distillation by incorporating said chromium compound into said mixture before azeotropic distillation and wherein the organic solvent used is selected from the group consisting of ethoxy ethyl acetate, tert-butyoxy propanol, methoxy propyl acetate, n-butoxy propanol, ethoxy ethyl propionate and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Homogeneous amorphous aluminum phosphate composition with a surface of 100 to 300 m.sup.2 /g and a pore volume in pores with diameters of less than 1000 nm of at least 1.0 cm.sup.3 /g, in which phosphorus and aluminum are present in a molar ratio in the range from 0.9:1 to 1:1 and which is characterized in that it is present in the form of microspherical particles with a particle size of 10 to 20 .mu.m and displays a bimodal pore-size distribution in the pore-diameter range of less than 1000 nm. Also described is a process for the production of the novel aluminum phosphate composition, which is suitable in particular as a cracking catalyst, as a catalyst support, especially for polymerization catalysts, as a flatting agent, as an adsorption agent and as a thickening agent.

Abstract: Dense sintered parts of ceramic and/or metallic materials are formed using stereo photolithography. An initial flowable mixture of sinterable inorganic particles, photocurable monomer, photoinitiator and dispersant is flowed over a substrate and cured in a selective pattern. Subsequent layers of the mixture are flowed over the substrate and cured to build a three dimensional body. The body is then fired to produce a dense sintered part. Parts having in excess of 95% of theoretical density can be produced.

Abstract: Ceramic bodies having conically shaped pores are produced by electrophoretic deposition from aqueous ceramic particle suspensions. The dense ceramic bodies may be fabricated in the form of tubes having the pores radiating inward or outward. Alternatively, other shapes may be fabricated. The bodies are useful as filters, burner elements, catalysts supports, etc.

Abstract: Porous monolithic ceramic bodies containing reticulated macropores are produced by:a) forming a mixture of ceramic material particles, a first organic material and a second organic material,b) dissolving the first and second organic materials in each other to form a homogeneous solution, whereby the ceramic particles form a dispersion in the homogenous solution,c) forming the dispersion into a shape,d) cooling the shape at a rate sufficient to induce the non-equilibrium phase separation, thereby forming a first phase rich in the first organic material and a second phase rich in the second organic material, wherein at least a portion of the ceramic particles are segregated in the first phase,e) removing the second phase from the phase separated shape to form a porous shape,f) firing the porous shape to remove the any of the organic materials contained in the first phase and to sinter the segregated ceramic particles to form the porous monolithic ceramic body.

Abstract: Dehydroxylated oxide (e.g. silica) particles are obtained by reacting oxide particles, having surface hydroxyl groups, with a dialkylcarbonate or diarylcarbonate. The resulting products have surface alkoxy or aryloxy groups and significantly reduced hydroxyl content. The treated oxide particles are especially suitable for use as catalyst supports, and especially as polyolefin catalyst supports.

Abstract: Ceramic beads having a bimodal pore distribution are prepared by a process involving a) formation of a ceramic particle slurry, b) adding a foamable prepolymer to the slurry to form a mixture, c) dispersing the mixture as beads in a second liquid, d) polymerizing and foaming the prepolymer, e) recovering the beads and firing them to remove the polymer and bond the ceramic particles. The beads can optionally be joined by sintering. Beads with a monodal pore distribution can be made by using a non-foaming prepolymer.

Abstract: A method for preparing silica, silica-chromium and silica-titanium-chromium polyolefin catalysts and catalyst supports wherein an alcohol-treated hydrogel is heated under partial oxidation conditions to reduce the carbon level to below about one weight percent prior to activation.

Abstract: A photopolymer useful in preparing water-developable, solid printing plates is prepared by preparing a urethane prepolymer by reacting polyoxyalkylene diols or polyester diols, or a mixture thereof, with an excess of diisocyanate, followed by chain extending the resulting prepolymer mixture with an alkyldialkanolamine, then reacting the chain-extended product with a hydroxyalkyl(meth)acrylate. The resulting photopolymer is suitably formulated with additional photoactive (meth)acrylate monomers or oligomers and photoinitiator for casting or extrusion on a substrate to form a flexographic printing plate. Following UV exposure of the plate through a negative, unexposed areas can be removed by washing with a slightly acidic aqueous medium, to give a plate with a desirable relief image. The use of the aqueous washout solution as opposed to organic solvents minimizes pollution problems.

Abstract: A photocurable composition useful in preparing water-developable, solid printing plates is prepared by blending a urethane (meth)acrylate prepolymer with a complexing polymer based on poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) composition. The resulting composition is suitably formulated with additional photoactive (meth)acrylate monomers or oligomers and photoinitiator for casting or extrusion on a substrate to form a flexographic printing plate. Following UV exposure of the plate through a negative, unexposed areas can be removed by washing with aqueous media, to give a plate with a desirable relief image. The use of the aqueous washout solution as opposed to organic solvents minimizes pollution problems. The use of the complexing polymer significantly reduces the cold flow of the uncured plate and both increases toughness and reduces tack of the cured plate.

Abstract: An aqueous-developable article is made from a photosensitive prepolymer made by reacting together (a) maleated alkadiene polymer or copolymer, (b) hydroxyalkyl(meth)acrylate or hydroxy(polycaprolactone)acrylate, (c) polybutadiene diol or polyisoprene diol, and (d) monohydroxy-terminated thermoplastic polymer, such as monohydroxy-terminated polystyrene or monohydroxy-terminated polymethylmethacrylate, followed by hydrolysis and at least partial neutralization by reaction with a base, e.g. NaOH, to form an ionomer. When formulated with photoinitiator and (optional) unsaturated monomers, the ionomer is particularly useful in making photopolymer-based flexographic printing plates.

Abstract: A novel anisotropically conductive solder paste and a method of use thereof to join metallic parts in electronic manufacturing processes, in particular surface-mount electronic manufacturing processes. The solder paste is fluxless and reflowable for purposes of repair and achieves electrical anisotropy by soldering component leads to circuit board pads, while maintaining electrical insulation properties between adjacent joints.

Abstract: Flexographic photosensitive printing plates are made with formulations comprising triblock polymers of poly(vinylpyridine)-poly(butadiene) or poly(isoprene)-poly(vinylpyridine). The polymers may be quaternized. When made with quaternized polymers, the plates after imaging with UV may be developed in aqueous solutions.

Abstract: Aluminum phosphate compositions arc provided which are characterized simultaneously by high porosity and phosphorous-to-aluminum ratios of approximately 1.0. The high porosity of these compositions is a function of high pore volume coupled with low surface area, resulting in high average pore diameter. These materials have excellent properties as catalysts and catalyst supports.