Abstract: An exposure mask is provided, which includes: a light blocking opaque area blocking incident light; a translucent area; and a transparent area passing the most of incident light, wherein the translucent area generates the phase differences in the range of about ?70° to about +70°.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to a method of associating an IP address with a link layer address in a wireless communication network. The method comprises the steps of assigning an IP address to a plurality of link layer addresses; establishing a link layer connection with a first wireless network interface on the IP address; and establishing a link layer connection with a second wireless network interface on the IP address. The method of the present invention enables the increased downloading of data to a client device by aggregating data links associated with an IP address. The method also enables the bi-casting of data to a client device from an IP address associated with a plurality of link layer addresses of wireless communication device. Finally, the invention enables failure recovery by enabling downloading to a second link layer address if a communication link to a first link layer address deteriorates.

Abstract: A reconfigurable intelligent subsystem may include a bidirectional photonic integrated circuit. The bidirectional photonic integrated circuit may include a distributed reflector (DR) laser or a distributed feedback laser (DFB) that emits light of a first wavelength, and a longitudinal waveguide portion that transmits light of a second wavelength, while attenuating light of the first wavelength. The bidirectional photonic integrated circuit may be coupled to a single mode optical fiber to provide two-way optical communication between a service provider (“headend”) and a subscriber.

Abstract: An active pixel sensor cell array in which a partial transimpedance amplifier amplifies the output of each cell. The pixel sensor cell array comprises a plurality of pixel sensor cells and a second part of the amplifier. Each pixel sensor cell comprises a photo-sensitive element, a capacitor and a first part of an amplifier. The capacitor is coupled between a terminal of the photo-sensitive element and an output line of the cell. The capacitor is operable to provide a capacitive feedback in the pixel sensor cell. The second part of the amplifier is coupled to the output lines of a plurality of pixel sensor cells. The amplifier is configured to amplify an output signal from a cell.

Abstract: A programmable interconnect circuit comprising a plurality of I/O cells arranged into I/O blocks includes a routing structure for each I/O block, wherein each routing structure may programmably route signals between the plurality of I/O cells and the I/O cells within its I/O block. Each I/O cell includes a multiplexer and an I/O circuit associated with a pin of the programmable interconnect circuit. Associated with each I/O block is a control array receiving control signals from its routing structure. An AND array in the control array produces a set of product term control signals for its I/O block from the received control signals.

Abstract: Circuit elements (e.g. transistor gates) formed over a semiconductor substrate are protected by adjacent dummy structures during mechanical or chemical mechanical polishing of an overlying dielectric.