Abstract: A method of controlling a current resonant parallel type switching regulator comprises providing a current circulating circuit for preventing a circuit loss increasing phenomenon from occurring due to an increase in a resonant current caused by an increase in a resonant voltage when an output load current is reduced, forming a closed circuit which connects the opposite terminals of a resonant circuit for inverting the polarity of the charge on the resonant circuit once, and then starting the operation of the regulator. The resonant current is reduced so that an excessive power is not supplied at a low load. Stresses on the switching elements and circuit losses are minimized.

Abstract: A transport wagon (1) is provided with a wagon frame (4) supported on on-track undercarriages (2) and a conveyor belt (8) extending in the longitudinal direction of the wagon and arranged so as to be inclined relative to the track plane, forming a lower-lying receiving end (11) and an elevated discharge end (12), with which side walls (13) are associated, extending in the longitudinal direction of the conveyor belt, to delimit laterally and form a storage space (14). The wagon frame (4) is formed from a number of frame parts (5) disposed one behind another in the longitudinal direction of the wagon, joined together in an articulated manner in each case in the region of an on-track undercarriage (2), forming an articulation point (6), and having respective individual conveyor belts (8).

Abstract: The invention relates to a gastight connection between tubes of small diameter of metals or metal alloys having different melting points, more particularly copper and aluminium, wherein the end zone of the first tube (1) is opened out and the second tube (2) of a lower-melting material is inserted and soldered into the opened-out portion (3), the internal generated surface of the opened-out portion (3) merging via an internal cone (4) and extension (38) into that zone of the first tube (1) which is not opened out, a sleeve (34) of special steel possibly being inserted in the end zone of the second tube (2).

Abstract: A process for braking a vehicle which comprises applying to a front axle group and to a rear axle group front axle brake pressure (p.sub.1) and rear axle brake pressure (p.sub.2) in accordance with wear-optimized curves when a deceleration command signal (S) is less than or equal to a predetermined switch-over deceleration command signal (S.sub.1). When the deceleration command signal (S) is greater than the switch-over deceleration command signal (S.sub.1), the front axle brake pressure (p.sub.1) and the rear axle brake pressure (p.sub.2) are applied in accordance with parabolas which pass smoothly through a point on the wear-optimized curves which corresponds to the switch-over deceleration command signal (S.sub.1), and at least one point on curves for equal adhesion utilization of the front axle group and the rear axle group, which point corresponds to a second deceleration command signal (S.sub.2).

Abstract: This invention concerns active matrix flat displays in which the pixels (10) are placed at the intersections between two mutually-perpendicular sets of conductors known as lines (L1 to LN) and columns (C1 to CM). In the invention, each pixel consists of two capacitors (CON1, CON'1) connected in series and consisting of electro-optical components, this circuit being connected between two control transistors (T1, T'1), these two transistors being connected to a common line (L1) and two different columns (C1, C'1) respectively.

Abstract: The integrated circuit chips (5) are mounted on a ferrite support (20). The ferrite support is metallized uniformly (26) on its lower face and bears metallization zones (21, 24) on its other face. To certain of these zones (24) serving as a ground plane, there are attached the integrated circuit chips (5). The other zones (21) act as relays to connect the supply voltages that are applied by means of a linking wire (7') and a thin film decoupling capacitor (10, 11, 12) borne by the chip. The ground zones (24) are connected to the general ground plane (26) by metallized holes (25). The linking wire (7') is positioned so as to face a bared part of the ferrite to prevent any parasitic resonance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flange ring which is divided in two along a plane extending in the axial direction and wherein, in the zone of the two abutment places each flange half has a bolt at one abutment place and a pocket at the other, so that the bolt on one flange half engages positively in the pocket of the other flange half, the flange ring being formed with holes in both flange halves for the passage of the fastening screws. The characterizing feature of the invention is that the flange ring is divided in the center into two identical halves (1a, 1b) and the bolt (8) so engages positively behind the pocket (9) that the flange halves (1a, 1b) are joined together in the bent state, and after being joined together the flange halves (1a, 1b) cannot be separated in the radial direction with the flange ring (1) flat.

Abstract: A device for removing liquid from the surface of a moving strip (B), more particularly a rolled strip on a roll stand, by means of a gas, more particularly air, blown on to the moving strip (B), is characterized according to the invention in that disposed transversely of the direction (L) in which the strip runs is a slot nozzle (3) which is directed at the strip surface at an angle (.beta.) of 45.degree. to 90.degree. of its jet oppositely to the direction (L) in which the strip runs, the ratio between the distance (h) of the slot nozzle (3) from the moving strip (B) and the width (s) of the slot is in the range h/s=2 to h/s=10, so that the velocity of emergence of the gas jet blown by the slot nozzle (3) on to the strip (B) is in the range of 0.3<Mach<2, and a suctional removal gap (4) is disposed above the strip (B) at a distance of 5 to 25 nozzle distances (h) in the direction (L) in which the strip (B) runs upstream of the line of impingement of the gas jet emerging from the slot nozzle (3).

Abstract: In this invention methods are described by which prostaglandins of the E.sub.1 class and compounds that mimic or induce cyclic adenosine monophosphate are used to block collagenase gene expression by cells responsible for connective and support tissue breakdown. The consequence of using pharmaceutically acceptable preparations of prostaglandin E.sub.1, analogs of prostaglandin E.sub.1 or cyclic adenosine monophosphate agonists or inducers of cyclic adenosine monophosphate is to preserve and protect connective and support tissues. These methods provide new treatment modalities useful in protecting humans and animals against connective and support tissue degradation that occurs in aging, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis.

Abstract: An optical recognition method and system utilizes a scanner to digitize a complex document comprising regions of text and graphics. A recognition engine, illustratively in the form of a general purpose computer, separates regions of text and graphics and identifies lines of text. This is accomplished by dividing the digitized image into columns. The columns are then separated into small rectangular units by obtaining a horizontal histogram or shadow thereof. The units are arranged into a two dimensional linking for ease of processing and access. Units which are too short are eliminated as noise and units which are too tall are eliminated or otherwise identified as comprising graphics. The remaining units are organized into lines of text by connecting units horizontally whose shadows on the vertical axis overlap.

Abstract: A mammography system with a variable angle, rearwardly tilting mammograph adjustable to individual, standing or sitting patients in forwardly leaning posture to maximize breast tissue exposure to the mammograph by gravity. The invention covers both the mammograph machine and the mammography method.

Abstract: An apparatus for the optical recognition of documents (1) extends over the entire width of a transfer plane (3). Regularly disposed photoelectric elements (4), whose optical axes create a single sensor plane (5) that is perpendicular to transfer plane (3), receive light (7) as altered by document (1). Photoelectric elements (4) are regularly disposed in a manner in which their optical axes are contained in a sensor plane (5) perpendicular to transfer plane (3). A region (8) of document (1), determined by sensor plane (5), is illuminated by at least one light line (9 or 10) which is inclined with respect to sensor plane (5). The light modified by document (1) is received by photoelectric elements (4). The adjacent light sources in each light line (9,10) are separated by a uniform source distance (A), which is smaller than the sensor distance (B) between two adjacent photoelectric elements (4). The light sources emit light within a narrow spectral width in pulses of short duration.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multi-axle running carriage for rail vehicles having two longitudinally, extending cast side walls (1, 2) and a transverse connecting assembly which are disposed axisparallel between two axles (3, 4) and are connected to the side walls, the side walls (1, 2) and the transverse connecting assembly forming a substantially H-shaped running carriage frame bearing a spring-mounted vehicle frame which can be fitted on, the load transmitting transverse connecting assembly provided being a transverse leaf spring (9) which consists of a number of spring leaves (14-19) and which bears in its central zone the lower part (10) of a bogie pivot at the connection of the vehicle frame and which is retained by its ends in the side walls (1, 2).

Abstract: The invention relates to a high-silicon-content corrosion-resistant austenitic steel, characterized by alloying contents (in % by weight) of______________________________________ max. 0.2% C 10 to 25% Ni 8 to 13% Cr 6.5 to 8% Si 0 to 10% Mn and/or Co max. 0.010% S max. 0.025% P ______________________________________residue iron and the usual admixtures and impurities due to manufacture.The steel is suitable as a material for the production of corrosion-resistant articles for the handling of highly concentrated hot sulphuric acid, highly concentrated hot nitric acid and other strongly oxidizing media, such as chromic acid, in the form of rolled plates, strips, pipes, rods, wires and other forms of product.

Abstract: A string tensioning system is provided for ball rackets, in particular for tennis rackets and squash rackets. The string tensioning system, formed by a string tensioning member (1), is insertable between the substantially parallel disposed strings (2 to 7) of a ball racket (19) such that these substantially parallel disposed strings are lifted up and down, respectively, relative to their original common plane and relative to each neighboring string of a parallel direction. Thereby the strings are retensioned and the original stringing hardness is recovered.

Abstract: Two signals at different frequencies are optionally amplified or attenuated in an automatic gain control amplifier (1) after their reception, then separated from each other by means of band pass filters (2, 5) and amplitude-modulated by means of envelope curve detectors (3, 6), whereupon the envelope curve signals (z.sub.0 [t], z.sub.1 [t]) are sampled by means of sampling switches (4, 7) once per bit to produce sample values (z.sub.0 [kT.sub.b ], z.sub.1 [kT.sub.b ]) which are passed to a calculator unit (8) whose memory stores values of a decision table which are derived from a probability table. Each table area of the latter contains two probability values of which a first is the probability that the sample values (z.sub.0 [kT.sub.b ], z.sub.1 [kT.sub.b ]) lie in the respective table area if the first signal were sent and a second is the probability that the sample values (z.sub.0 [kT.sub.b ], z.sub.1 [kT.sub.b ]) lie in the respective table area if the second signal were sent.

Abstract: An HDTV decoder comprises a variable length decoder for decoding variable length code words in parallel to generate fixed length code words. A buffer for buffering the fixed length code words is connected to an output of the variable length decoder. A run length decoder is connected to an output of the buffer for run length decoding the fixed length code words. The variable length decoder has the same input and output running speed, which running speed is larger than an average speed and smaller than a burst speed at which said parallel variable length decoder would have to operate in the absence of said buffer. When the variable length decoder is capable of decoding more than one variable length code word in a cycle, the required buffer is quite small. It may be less than 1 k byte and may be on the order of 100 bytes. In this case, the variable length decoder and buffer may be incorporated in a single integrated circuit.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are disclosed for advancing a tape at a constant, high speed. Two detectors are provided for detecting values representative of the rotational periods of the reels at both low and high tape advance speeds. A calculator is included for determining particular arithmetic functions of these values. A comparator is also provided, which has a memory for storing a parameter dependent on a particular arithmetic function of values representative of low speed rotational periods of the reels. The comparator is provided for comparing the results of a particular arithmetic function of values representative of high speed rotational periods of the reels with the parameter and for outputting an error signal for adjusting the tape advance speed to maintain a constant, high speed.

Abstract: A calibration process utilizes two nearly identical sensors. The characteristic output curve of the first sensor is obtained using the measuring outputs of the second sensor. In particular, the first sensor has a characteristic output curve f[x] where x is a physical variable to be measured. The second sensor has an output curve y[x].apprxeq.f[x+a]. Starting from an initially known portion of the curve f[x], outputs of the second sensor are utilized to extend the known portion of the characteristic output curve f[x] of the first sensor into ranges of the variable x where this function is not yet known.

Abstract: A process for fairly allocating resources in a multiport packet switch is disclosed. Each port is connected to a station and comprises a transmit FIFO buffer and a receive FIFO buffer. The ports are connected by a broadcast transmission medium. A transmit buffer of a specific port gains access to the transmission medium when the port possesses a token which is passed from port to port in a round-robin fashion. When a port recognizes that a transmitted packet is addressed to it, the port uses a local processor to determine whether or not to accept the packet. The determination is based on (1) information in the packet header, e.g., priority and address of the transmitting port, (2) the status of the receive buffer (full or not), and (3) other locally recorded information regarding past history of the acceptance or rejection of packets from particular ports and of particular priority classes needed to achieve fairness among packets of the same class and priority among different classes.