Abstract: A semiconductor device having a high performance gate electrode structure and a process of fabricating such a device. A semiconductor device in accordance with an embodiment of the invention is formed by forming a gate insulating layer is over a substrate. A diffusion barrier layer is formed over the gate insulating layer and a trench is formed in the diffusion barrier layer. In the trench, a metal gate electrode is formed. The diffusion barrier layer impedes diffusion of the metal gate electrode into the gate insulating layer during, for example, subsequent processing. The gate insulating layer, the barrier layer, and the gate electrode may, for example, be formed from cobalt niobate, tantalum silicon nitride, and copper, respectively. The copper gate electrode and cobalt gate insulating layer can, for example, increase the speed of the semiconductor device as compared to conventional transistors.

Abstract: A method for preparing a diarylalanine compound is provided. The method includes reacting a diarylaminopropanediol with a reducing agent to form a diarylaminopropanol compound and/or contacting a serine ester derivative with an aryl metal reagent to form diarylaminopropanediol. A diarylmethyloxazolidinone compound is also provided.

Abstract: A die construction includes a body having first and second, opposite end caps and an extension member therebetween. The extension member has a first number of discrete facets and no more than the first number. Each of the discrete facets is identically shaped and have equal surface areas. The first end cap has a second number of discrete facets and no more than the second number. The second number is one-half of the first number. Each of the first end cap discrete facets is identically shaped and has an equal surface area to one another. The second end cap has the second number of discrete facets, that is, the same number as the first end cap, and has no more than the second number. Each of the second end cap discrete facets is identically shaped as the first end cap discrete facets. Each of the second end cap discrete facets has a surface area equal to a surface area of each of the first end cap discrete facets.

Abstract: A process for the purification of gases loaded in particular with chemical residues, in particular of the exhaust air from printing equipment, in which process the gas to be purified is drawn off from the regions producing the impurities and led via piping to an arrangement of adsorber-filter cartridges that serve for the separation of the impurities from the gas and are periodically separated in a cyclical manner from the exhaust flow for the carrying out of a regeneration process.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for treating periodontal disease and other related disorders utilizing a therapeutic treatment composition, including at lease one chemotherapeutic agent in combination with at least one carrier agent, are disclosed. Oral care products and a method preventing periodontal disease and related disorders are also provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a fluid tight seal between a coupling body and an insert wherein the coupling body has a seal element disposed circumferentially about an inner wall for fluid tight engagement with an outer wall of an insert upon insertion of the insert into the coupling body.

Abstract: A method for preparing a carboxylic acid is provided. The method includes contacting an olefinic compound or a vicinal dihydroxy compound with oxygen in the presence of a protic organic solvent, an inorganic oxide catalyst and a peroxidant such as hydrogen peroxide or an peralkanoic acid. The inorganic oxide catalyst includes an oxide of tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, vanadium, tantalum, titanium, or yttrium.

Abstract: A reverse flow air filter arrangement is provided. The arrangement includes a filter element having first and second end caps, the second end cap having a central drainage aperture. A funnel shape on an interior surface of second end cap is used to direct moisture flow to the drainage aperture. The arrangement includes a housing in which the filter element is positioned, operatively, during use. Certain features in the housing facilitate moisture withdrawal from the filter element while also inhibiting interference with sealing between the filter element and the housing.

Abstract: A menu driven reprogrammable drug pump is provided with a memory, such as flash memory, a display, a keyboard, and a communications port to allow a generic pump to be programmed with a desired pump application (therapy) program and patient specific settings. Programming and data transfer with another pump or a computer to and from the patient pump is by the communications port that allows local and/or remote communications with the pump. Flash memory stores the pump application program during use. Patient safety is provided by a cassette identification system, an occlusion detection system, and a latch/lock detection system. Automated testing of the pump is by a closed loop testing system.

Abstract: A color image receiving tube comprising three color (red, green and blue) phosphor screens on an inner surface of a face-plate; wherein at least two of said three color phosphor screens are coated with pigments; and wherein said three color phosphor screens have a total reflective brightness less than 70% that of three color phosphor screens with no pigment coating. According to the above-mentioned constitution, a color image receiving tube having a higher emisson brightness and contrast is achieved as compared to a color image receiving tube having the same reflective brightness, where the reflective brightness is obtained by lowering the light transmittance of its face-plate.

Abstract: A semiconductor device having improved spacers and a process for fabricating the same is provided. The semiconductor device is formed by forming at least one gate electrode over a substrate and forming a spacer layer over the gate electrode. A nitrogen bearing species is implanted into the spacer layer and portions of the spacer layer are removed, using the implanted nitrogen bearing species as a stop point, in order to form spacers on sidewalls of the gate electrode. Removal of the spacer layer may, for example, be performed using a dry or wet etch process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and system for monitoring pressure conditions in the fluid pressure upstream and downstream of an intravenous fluid administration system and to detect upstream and/or downstream occlusions. In addition, the invention incorporates a method for detecting pressure conditions at an upstream or downstream detector across the wall of the tubing to identify upstream or downstream occlusions, respectively. The present invention also relates to a process for determining the fluid pressure in a fluid tube across the tube wall where the normal tube force changes over time, and more particularly, using a normalization process to eliminate changes in the tubing resilience.

Abstract: Operating buttons (2, 3; 102, 103; and 202, 203) for a dual flush cistern or flush tank include different operating surface area of each button presented to the user and provide an indication as to which button provides the reduced flush and which button provides the full flush. A hinge and latch assembly is used to fabricate such buttons (2, 3) by folding from a moulded form into an operational form.

Abstract: The invention relates to an overpressure protector comprising a body portion (1) of single crystal silicon, a burst flow conduit (2) extending through the body portion (1), and a membrane (3) covering the burst flow conduit (2) and responding to a pressure difference. The membrane is a thin film (3), which is arranged to break when the pressure difference acting across it exceeds a predetermined value, and comprises a belt (6) whose electrical conductivity differs from that of the other material of the membrane. The belt is connected to means (9) for supplying electric current either for detecting breaking or the belt or for bursting the membrane (3) intentionally by means of heating effect of electric current.

Abstract: A frequency dependent controller that utilizes a loosely coupled transformer having a magnetic shunt with an air gap, which controller is adjusted to change the operating characteristics of the transformer by varying its operating frequency in accordance with the operating requirements of a load to be supplied with power. If the transformer is operated at a single frequency, the maximum current that can be delivered is a function of the magnetic shunt, air gap and that signal frequency. If the transformer is operated over a frequency range by the controller, the maximum current and other operating characteristics of the transformer are a function of both the magnetic shunt and its then current operating frequency.

Abstract: A heat retention device is disclosed in the form of a heating pad which includes an electrically resistive coil contained within a volume. The coil terminates at an electric coupler which is external of the volume. A heat retention mass is contained within the volume in thermal conductivity with the resistive element.

Abstract: The invention comprises a leavened dough composition including flour, a protein source, a leavening agent, and a processing adjuvant. Preferably, the protein source is a cereal protein, such as gluten. The invention also comprises a method of increasing specific volume in a baked product by removing the water in the dough composition and introducing the processing adjuvant. The invention also comprises a baked product resulting from the method of the invention.

Abstract: The invention concerns an arrangement for machining a valve seat (1a) in a valve housing (1). The housing has a circular opening (1d) which is concentric with the seat (1a) and about which is a flat annular surface (1e). The arrangement comprises a support (2) arranged such that it is held by the valve housing (1) and such that, in an axial direction perpendicular to the plane of the annular surface (1e), it holds a tool pillar (3). At its distal end the tool pillar (3) has a machining tool (4). The support (2) comprises firstly a main part with three wings uniformly distributed about the tool pillar (3). Each wing comprises a first wing part (2b) which is operatively connected to the first wing part so that these wing parts (2a, 2b) can slide relative to each other along the sliding surface. Members (2b2, 2b3, 2b4, 2b5) are provided for detachably securing the wing parts (2a, 2b) relative to each other and the support (2) relative to the valve housing (1).

Abstract: A unibody, monolithic, one-piece negative draft crucible for a MBE effusion cell. The crucible maximizes capacity, uniformity and long term flux stability, and minimizes oval defects, depletion effects, and short term shutter-related flux transients. The invention also provides a method and mandrel apparatus for making a unibody containment structure, such as a crucible formed of PBN, having a negative draft, via chemical vapor deposition.