Abstract: A method and apparatus for separation of an extract component from a raffinate component in a simulated moving bed chromatographic separation train system. The system includes a plurality of beds, packed with a sorbent material, connected to form a closed recycle loop. Inlets to the train are provided for a feed stream and a desorbent stream along with outlets for removal of a raffinate stream and an extract stream. Increased product throughput and yield are obtained by intermittantly introducing and withdrawing the various streams to the train while continuously recycling a portion of the fluid in the system.

Abstract: A method of preparing a bulking agent useful in the replacement of carbohydrates and/or fats is provided. The bulking agent is comprised of a randomly-bonded polysacchardie prepared from a granular reducing saccharide and a granular edible polyol by means of an apparatus having a vented chamber with means for conveying the ingredients longitudinally through said chamber with lateral mixing of said ingredients and minimal longitudinal mixing of said ingredients.

Abstract: A method for producing anhydrous crystalline fructose by crystallizing from solution is provided. A highly supersaturated aqueous solution of fructose is added to a heel of crystalline fructose and dry seed. The temperature of the solution is then lowered to crystallize fructose from the solution to form a massecuite. The massecuite is divided into a product portion and a heel portion, the product portion being treated to isolated crystalline fructose which is then classified into product cuts on the basis of particle size of the fructose crystals, each product cut having a substantially typical particle size distribution.

Abstract: Methods of preparing and using sweetener syrups comprised of crystalline saccharides are provided. A crystalline saccharide composition comprised of crystalline fructose is dissolved in a potable liquid to form a concentrated syrup. Anhydrous crystalline fructose and/or crystalline fructose dihydrate are used to prepare the syrups. At least about 42% by weight of the crystalline saccharide composition is fructose, the remainder preferably being crystalline dextrose. The use of crystalline saccharides yield color stable syrups especially useful in clear and/or colorless beverages.

Abstract: A cold-water-swellable granular starch which affords aqueous solutions or dispersions having high-viscosity and/or excellent clarity is provided. In one embodiment, the granular starch is made cold-water swellable by contact with aqueous alcohol, then derivatized with an .alpha.-halocarboxylic acid, and then isolated under condition which inhibit esterification of the granular starch, e.g. high pH, to afford a starch that has excellent paste clarity. In other embodiments, the cold-water-swellable granular starch is crosslinked to afford a starch that has very high paste viscosity.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing gel pieces is provided. The gel pieces are prepared from a cooked mixture comprising a thin-boiling starch as a gelling agent and a sweetener system comprising a high fructose corn syrup and a crystalline sweetener comprised of fructose. The cooked mixture is deposited in a plurality of molds and allowed to set to yield gel pieces which can then be packaged in bulk. The use of high fructose corn syrup and a crystalline fructose sweetener yields gel pieces which have excellent resistance to adhesion to hard surface molds and/or one another when packaged in bulk even over a long period of time at elevated storage temperatures.

Abstract: A method of purifying hydrolysed protein compositions by contact with crystalline zeolite agglomerates is provided. A reduction in the concentration of chlorohydrins, measured as 1,3-dichloropropen-2-ol, in hydrolysed protein compositions can be obtained by contacting the hydrolysed protein composition with a crystallin zeolite agglomerate, e.g., as pellets, beads or granules of crystalline zeolite. The method allows removal of chlorohydrins without affecting the organoleptic qualities of the hydrolysed protein.

Abstract: A composition of matter comprising an insoluble dietary fiber material coated with hemicellulose is provided. In preferred embodiments, the insoluble dietary fiber material and hemicellulose are derived from grain hulls. The weight ratio of insoluble dietary fiber material to hemicellulose is generally greater than about 1:1. Also provided is a method of coating an insoluble dietary fiber material with a hemicellulose. Preferred embodiments employ a fluidized bed technique to obtain the coating of hemicellulose.

Abstract: This invention provides a continuous process of preparing a formed gel piece by deaeration and hydration of a flowable mixture, cooling said flowable mixture to a formable viscosity in an extruder, and forming of the resulting formable mixture upon exit from the extruder. This process gives a gel confection product that is equivalent to that produced by the Mogul system but which avoids the extended batch drying times of the Mogul system. This invention also provides a new apparatus and method for extruding gel pieces as well as a new apparatus and method for injection molding gel pieces.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing an enriched fructose syrup, which is characterized in that dextrose is crystallized from a syrup containing fructose and dextrose and then an alcohol is added to enhance separation of the dextrose crystals from the mother liquor.Process can be adjusted to yield dextrose monohydrate, anhydrous alpha dextrose or a 40 percent fructose crystalline product in addition to an enriched fructose syrup.

Abstract: A process of preparing an edible composition useful as a flavoring for a foodstuff, particularly as a soy sauce, is provided. A mixture of a protein hydrolyzate and a carbohydrate source are heated in the pressence of ethanol and water to a temperature and for a time sufficient to increase the mixtures's absorption of visible radiation, i.e., to brown the mixture. The process yields a flavoring having flavor notes reminiscent of a fermented soy sauce without the need for fermentation techniques. The mixture is preferably prepared by hydrating the protein hydrolyzate and carbohydrate source in water and then adding sufficient ethanol to form a slurry.

Abstract: Disclosed are comestibles, especially ready-to-eat cereals, that are coated with a sweetener and a cold-water-swelling granular starch. A preferred method of preparation comprises: (a) providing a base of dried food pieces; (b) dampening comestible with an aqueous medium; (c) coating dampened coated comestible with substantially dry sweetener cold-water-swelling granular starch and (d) drying the coated comestible.

Abstract: A dietary fiber material, e.g. corn bran, having improved color stability is provided. The material is esterified prior to bleaching to decrease the color of the material. Typical dietary fiber materials are the fiber materials produced by the milling of plant seeds such as cereal grains and oilseeds. The esterification of the dietary fiber material corn bran prior to bleaching results in a lighter colored dietary fiber product having enhanced acceptance as a dietary fiber supplement in a variety of food products.

Abstract: Cold water soluble etherified or esterified starch derivatives having a 20 rpm Brookfield viscosity of less than 15,000 cps when tested in the form of a 10 weight percent starch solids aqueous solution at 25.degree. C. and which forms a transparent film when dried from aqueous solution can be prepared by first preparing a non-crosslinked granular etherified or esterified starch derivative, washing said starch derivative to remove salt by-products therefrom and thereafter solubilizing said starch derivative and thinning same to the desired viscosity level. The resulting starch derivative products are particularly suitable for use in wall covering adhesive formulations and as protective colloids in emulsion polymerization processes.

Abstract: Remarkably good surfactancy characteristics are exhibited by alkylene oxide (e.g., ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, etc.) adducts of relatively low degree of polymerication, (D.P.), long chain glycoside compositions of the sort which are predominantly composed of long chain monoglycoside species and in which the types and relative proportions of any long chain polyglycoside species contained therein are such that the average degree of polymerization of such long chain glycoside constituents is less than 2.7.The subject low D.P. long chain polyglycoside alkylene oxide adducts exhibit surfactancy and/or detergency characteristics at least about as good as, and in some respects substantially better than, the corresponding alkylene oxide adducts of higher D.P. long chain glycoside materials.

Abstract: A polymerizable composition comprised of a major amount of a polymerizable component and a minor amount of a multi-ethylenic glycoside compound (e.g. acrylate and/or methacrylate esters of an alkyl glucoside or allyl ethers of an alkyl glucoside) useful in forming a crosslinked polymeric composition. Novel multi-ethylenic alkyl glucosides are disclosed which are prepared by a novel method. The polymerizable compositions are useful as castings, moldings, extrusions, coatings, binders and adhesives. The multi-ethylenic alkyl glucoside monomers yield crosslinked polymeric compositions having properties which are generally comparable, or superior, to compositions based on commercially available multi-ethylenic monomers.

Abstract: Concentrated aqueous alkaline solutions containing about 10 weight percent or more of a water soluble alkaline reagent such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, etc. are admixed with aqueous granular starch slurries without pasting or swelling the granular starch material to an unacceptable degree by introducing a metered stream of said alkaline solution into a flowing stream of said starch slurry at or near the inlet of an intensive, in-line mixer which completely and homogeneously mixes said streams within a time period of less than 1 second.

Abstract: A method of improving the utility of corn bran (i.e., hulls derived from milling) is provided. The corn bran is crosslinked with a polyvalent compound capable of forming a plurality of covalent bonds to one or more constituents of the corn bran. The crosslinked corn bran finds particular utility in papermaking. Paper furnishes and paper products derived therefrom are also provided.

Abstract: New anionic derivatives of mono and polyglycosides which are surface-active agents are described which anionic derivatives have the general formula ##STR1## wherein G is a glycosyl moiety which is derived from a reducing sugar selected from the group consisting of fructose, glucose, mannose, galactose, talose, gulose, allose, altrose, idose, arabinose, xylose, lyxose, ribose or mixtures thereof,R is an alkyl group substituted at the reducing carbon of the reducing sugar from which the glycosyl moiety, G, is derived, said alkyl group being straight chain or branched chain having 6 to 30 carbon atoms,x=1 to 10,at least one of the hydroxyl groups of at least one of the glycosyl moieties (or of a hydroxyalkyl group attached directly or indirectly to a hydroxyl group of said glycosyl moiety) has a Z group substituted in place of said hydroxyl group, Z is a substituent which is ##STR2## O(CH.sub.2).sub.p CO.sub.2 M, OSO.sub.3 M, O(CH.sub.2).sub.p So3.sub.m and mixtures thereof andR.sub.1 =(CH.sub.2).sub.2 CO.sub.

Abstract: Substantially builder-free fine fabric detergent compositions are provided which comprise an aqueous solution containing from about 10 to about 70 weight percent of a surfactant mixture consisting essentially of a 1:3 to about 10:1 weight ratio combination of a glycoside surfactant and an antistatic quaternary ammonium surfactant.