Abstract: The burn rate of tobacco is decreased without impairment of its quality of smoking by the application thereto of small amounts of certain salts, preferably hydrated magnesium chloride, which upon heating exhibit a plurality of endothermic reactions at successively increasing temperatures in the range from about 100.degree. C. to about 500.degree. C. In addition, the presence of small amounts of an alkaline material such as calcium hydroxide is desired to counteract marginal changes in the yields of some smoke components and to increase smoke pH.

Abstract: The apparatus is constructed to produce a hollow filter rod. The apparatus includes a mandrel through which a supplied length of tubing is passed, a nozzle surrounding the mandrel for shaping a stream of fibrous filter material about the mandrel and a forming means for enveloping a web of paper about the fibrous filter material and the tubing to produce the filter rod. The mandrel can be adjusted relative to the forming means to ensure an accurate centering of the tubing within the filter rod.The hollow filter includes a rigid non-deformable tube defining a smoke passage having a draw resistance to control the amount of unfiltered smoke, a concentric layer of filter material and a perforated outer wrap for passage of air into the layer of filter material.

Abstract: A smoking composition comprising tobacco and a catalytic agent for causing a decrease in the yield of polycyclic aromatic compounds arising from pyrolytic reactions of the composition, the agent being selected from the group consisting of finely divided unsupported metallic palladium or palladium salts which are heat decomposable into metallic palladium.

Abstract: A filter is formed by placing increments of glue in spaced apart relation on a moving stream of plug wrap paper and thereafter depositing alternating fibrous filter sections on the glue increments. Particulate marterial is then deposited between the fibrous filter sections and the plug wrap paper wrapped about the filter sections to form an endless rod. Two-filter filter plugs are severed from the rod by cutting through the unglued fibrous filter section and thereafter the charges of particulate filter material are compacted by moving the unglued outer filter sections of each plug inwardly. Each plug is then joined to two tobacco columns and cut in half. The resultant filters each have a fibrous filter section at the exposed end glued to the plug wrap paper, a compacted particulate section and an unglued fibrous filter section at the tobacco end.

Abstract: As a puff generator draws a volume of smoke and air through the vented-filter cigarette air is drawn from a ventilation cylinder to cause a piston to travel to a dead center position. The amount of movement of this piston is a measure of an amount of air drawn through the ventilation path of the filter by the puff generator. The amount of travel can be related to the total possible stroke of the piston so as to produce a digital read out of the degree of ventilation directly.

Abstract: A process for improving, enhancing or modifying the organoleptic properties of tobacco products which comprises adding thereto a compound possessing the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents a straight or branched-chain alkyl, alkenyl or cyclic aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon group having less than 8 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A multi-sectional filter tip assembly is initially made with two charcoal filter sections and alternate sections of cellulose acetate fibrous material with a fibrous section at each end. The filter tip assembly is then compacted by a pin compactor which punches a recess into each fibrous end of the filter tip assembly while at the same time forcing the displaced acetate fibrous material into the charcoal sections to compact the charcoal. Upon removal of the pins of the pin compactor, a recess is formed in each end of the filter tip assembly.

Abstract: Two cigarette making machines are interconnected to a single cigarette packing machine via a transfer system which uses individual conveyors to convey the cigarettes from each making machine to a single chute leading to the packing machine. The flow of cigarettes into the chute from the two conveyors is controlled by a series of switches which are activated in response to the amount of stored cigarettes in the storage of the transfer system as well as a photocell arranged above the mouth of the chute. These switches actuate a control to slow down or speed up the packer in response to the amount of stored cigarettes while the photocell controls the operation of the conveyors of the transfer system in response to the absence or presence of cigarettes at the position of the photocell.

Abstract: A multi-sectional filter tip assembly is initially made with two charcoal filter sections and alternate sections of cellulose acetate fibrous material with a fibrous section at each end. The filter tip assembly is then compacted by a pin compactor which punches a recess into each fibrous end of the filter tip assembly while at the same time forcing the displaced acetate fibrous material into the charcoal sections to compact the charcoal. Upon removal of the pins of the pin compactor, a recess is formed in each end of the filter tip assembly.

Abstract: A filter tipped cigarette includes a cylindrical tobacco section and a cylindrical filter axially aligned therewith. The filter is comprised of an axially aligned tube extending from said tobacco section, a layer of filter material positioned circumferentially about said tube and a diffuser adjacent an end of the tube for dispersing the smoke received from the tube prior to entering the smoker's mouth.

Abstract: A process for improving, enhancing or modifying the organoleptic properties of tobacco products which comprises adding thereto a compound selected from the group of alpha-cyclogeraniol, beta-cyclogeraniol, and certain ether, ester, thiol and thioether derivatives thereof.

Abstract: The apparatus employs two pairs of cutting discs which are diametrically spaced apart on a rotating drum to sever two filter plugs at a time from a travelling rod of filter material. The plugs are cut in uniform size, for example, in sizes between 5 millimeters and 14 millimeters and can be subsequently spaced apart so as to receive charcoal or other particulate filter material in the intermediate spaces. The drum rotates in synchronism with a recessed ledger through which the respective pairs of cutting discs pass to sever the travelling rod of filter material. Sharpening means are provided to maintain the cutting discs sharp.

Abstract: This invention relates to a cigarette filter composed of two concentric cylindrical layers of fibrous filter materials, in which the inner cylindrical layer has a lower draw resistance than the outer cylindrical layer, and a method and apparatus for the manufacture thereof.

Abstract: The sensing and correcting apparatus is employed in a machine for making cigarette filter rods containing hollow tubes on a continuous in line basis. The apparatus senses the position of the hollow tubes in a stream of tow and corrects the insertion position of subsequent hollow tubes if the position of the inserted tubes does not coincide with the proper cutting position. Sensing is accomplished by measuring the density of the moving stream and generating a position signal in response for comparison with a reference signal generated on cutting of a filter rod. If there is a difference exceeding acceptable tolerance limits, the comparison means generates a correction signal which is delivered to a timing assembly in the transmission for inserting the hollow tubes.

Abstract: An apparatus for the high speed transportation of cigarette filter rods from a magazine containing the rods to a transfer drum. The apparatus has a magazine, a downwardly extended chute connected to the magazine adapted to receive filter rods singularly, a rod separation means at the junction of the magazine and chute, and a vacuum means adjacent to the chute exit. The vacuum means creates a negative pressure within the chute to hold the lowermost rod in the chute in a fixed position for accurate transfer to the transfer drum.

Abstract: The apparatus employs two cutting discs which are spaced apart from each other laterally to sever plugs of different lengths from a travelling rod of filter material. The plugs alternate in size, for example, between 24 millimeters and 14 millimeters and are subsequently spaced apart so as to receive charcoal or other particulate filter material in the intermediate spaces. The resulting filter has the charcoal chamber closer to the tobacco end of the cigarette than to the exposed end of the cigarette. The cutting discs are mounted on a drum which rotates in synchronism with a recessed ledger through which the respective cutting discs pass to sever the travelling rod of filter material.

Abstract: The amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in tobacco smoke is reduced and a substantially diminished biological activity of the tobacco smoke condensate when evaluated on experimental animals following conventional protocol is achieved by adding to the tobacco palladium, either in metallic or salt form, and an inorganic nitric oxide generating compound.

Abstract: Cinnamic derivatives, especially the methyl or ethyl ethers of cinnamyl alcohol, para-methoxycinnamyl alcohol, and para-ethoxycinnamyl alcohol, are added to tobacco to improve the flavor and aroma of the tobacco and tobacco smoke.

Abstract: The machine produces a filter rod made up of a cylinder of tow and spaced apart hollow plastic tubes within the tow. The machine includes a means for supplying a continuous tow stream to an injection station below a rotatable wheel which delivers the plastic tubes in spaced apart fashion. Plungers on the wheel eject the tubes from the wheel and positively push the ejected tubes into the cylinder of tow at the injection station. The tubes are cut from a continuous tubing by means of a cutter which is timed with respect to the operation of the machine. The cut tubes are initially pushed forward on the wheel by a pushing roll and thereafter slid backwardly by a cover so as to be properly positioned for injection into the tow.

Abstract: This invention relates to a cigarette filter composed of two concentric cylindrical layers of fibrous filter materials, in which the inner cylindrical layer has a lower draw resistance than the outer cylindrical layer.