Abstract: Detergent compositions comprising surfactant, at least one detergency builder, and a plurality of rinse cycle suds control prills comprising fatty acid soap, quaternary ammonium salt, and silicone fluid suds suppressor. The granular detergent compositions of this invention provide control of the level of suds on the surface of the water during the rinse cycle without interfering with the level of suds on the surface of the water during the wash cycle of laundering operations.

Abstract: Soft, absorbent paper webs and processes for making them. In the process, an aqueous dispersion of the papermaking fibers is formed into an embryonic web on a first foraminous member such as a Fourdinier wire. This embryonic web is associated with a second foraminous member known as a deflection member. The surface of the deflection member with which the embryonic web is associated has a macroscopic monoplanar, continuous, patterned network surface which defines within the deflection member a plurality of discrete, isolated deflection conduits. The papermaking fibers in the web are deflected into the deflection conduits and water is removed through the deflection conduits to form an intermediate web. Deflection begins no later than the time water removal through the deflection member begins. The intermediate web is dried and foreshortened as by creping. The paper web has a distinct continuous network region and a plurality of domes dispersed throughout the whole of the network region.

Abstract: Detergent compositions comprising surfactant, at least one soluble detergency builder, and a plurality of rinse cycle suds control prills comprising fatty acid soap, quaternary ammonium salt, and silicone fluid suds suppressor. The granular detergent compositions of this invention provide control of the level of suds on the surface of the water and reduce the turbidity of the water during the rinse cycle without interfering with the level of suds on the surface of the water during the wash cycle of laundering operations.

Abstract: Disposable diapers provided with breathable leg cuffs. Disposable diapers comprise a topsheet, an absorbent element, and a backsheet. The leg cuff of a disposable diaper is that part of the diaper which fits about the wearer's leg. Extensions of the backsheet can be used to form cuffs which are frequently elasticized. In the present invention the cuffs are formed of a material which allows passage of vapor ("breathes") while tending to retard the passage of liquid. Apertured thermoplastic films are examples of such materials. Certain advantages accrue in cuffs which are permeable to vapor in their distal portions and impermeable in the portions adjacent the absorbent element. If the disposable diaper has a breathable backsheet, the cuffs are constructed to be more permeable to vapor per unit area in their breathable portions than is the backsheet.

Abstract: Soft, absorbent paper webs and processes for making them. In the process, an aqueous dispersion of the papermaking fibers is formed into an embryonic web on a first foraminous member such as a Fourdinier wire. This embryonic web is associated with a second foraminous member known as a deflection member. The surface of the deflection member with which the embryonic web is associated has a macroscopic monoplanar, continuous, patterned network surface which defines within the deflection member a plurality of discrete, isolated deflection conduits. The papermaking fibers in the web are deflected into the deflection conduits and water is removed through the deflection conduits to form an intermediate web. Deflection begins no later than the time water removal through the deflection member begins. The intermediate web is dried and foreshortened as by creping. The paper web has a distinct continuous network region and a plurality of domes dispersed throughout the whole of the network region.

Abstract: Foraminous members useful in making paper webs. The foraminous member of this invention has a macroscopically monoplanar, patterned, continuous network surface which serves to define within the member a plurality of discrete, isolated, deflection conduits. A foraminous woven element, such as a screen, is thoroughly coated with liquid photosensitive resin to a controlled depth above the upper surface of the woven element. A mask or a negative having opaque and transparent regions which define the pattern is brought into contact with the surface of the liquid photosensitive resin and the resin is exposed to light of an activating wavelength through the mask. The resin exposed to the activating light is hardened (cured). Uncured resin is removed from the composite leaving behind the woven element with the solid network formed by the cured resin.

Abstract: Disposable diapers having elasticized waistbands which allow the diapers to breathe and which reduce the incidence of waistband rollover. The waistbands are formed by affixing elastic elements between the topsheets and the backsheets (in the waistband region of the diapers) using regularly spaced, transversely extending regions of securement. Regions of nonsecurement are formed between pairs of the regions of securement thereby forming channels which allow the diaper to breathe and also forming corrugations which tend to inhibit waistband rollover.

Abstract: A process for making relatively thick foraminous members the foramina of which form a preselected pattern. The backing film such as a thermoplastic film is placed in contact with a rotating drum. A foraminous woven element about which the foraminous member will be constructed is placed in contact with the thermoplastic backing film. Liquid photosensitive resin is supplied to a controlled thickness. A mask comprising the preselected pattern is placed adjacent the photosensitive resin and the resin is exposed through the mask to the light of an activating wavelength. Uncured resin is washed from the composite leaving behind the completed foraminous member.

Abstract: Strong, soft, absorbent tissue paper products comprising a substrate carrying an emollient. The substrate is planar and is formed of one or more tissue paper sheets. At least one of its two major surfaces must be soft, relatively untextured, and smooth. The emollient is distributed over at least a major portion of the smooth surface. In preferred embodiments, the substrate consists of two plies of tissue paper. Each tissue paper ply consists of two layers: the first is relatively weak compared to the second and has an outwardly facing surface which is soft, relatively untextured and smooth; the second layer is strong enough to impart to the ply sufficient strength to enable it to accomplish its intended purpose. In an alternate embodiment, multiple plies of tissue paper are joined together by a laminating means consisting of embossments in a region of embossing; the region of embossing is relatively free of emollient.

Abstract: Strong, soft, absorbent tissue paper products comprising a substrate carrying an emollient. The substrate is planar and is a laminate formed of two or more tissue paper sheets. At least one of its two major surfaces must be soft, relatively untextured, and smooth. The emollient is distributed over at least a major portion of the smooth surface. In preferred embodiments, each tissue paper ply consists of two layers: the first is relatively weak compared to the second and has an outwardly facing surface which is soft, relatively untextured and smooth; the second layer is strong enough to impart to the ply sufficient strength to enable it to accomplish its intended purpose. The plies of tissue paper are joined together by a laminating means consisting of embossments in a region of embossing; the region of embossing is substantially free of emollient.

Abstract: Absorbent devices, such as catamenial tampons and catamenial pads. The devices comprise an unbonded array of non-absorbent, hydrophillic, resilient, moisture insensitive fibers contained within a porous overwrap. When the devices are intended to be presented in the compressed state, the compressed density of the mass of fibers should be less than about 0.3 grams per cubic centimeter. The devices can contain ancillary absorbent material.

Abstract: A process for making soft, absorbent tissue paper webs and the webs made by that process. In the first step, a furnish of papermaking fibers and a wet strength resin is provided. A wet fibrous web is made from the furnish and the wet web is dried. Next, the wet strength resin in the web is at least partially cured. A nitrogenous cationic debonding agent is then incorporated into the dried web.

Abstract: Tissue paper webs useful in the manufacture of soft, absorbent products such as paper towels, and processes for making the webs. The process comprises the steps of forming an aqueous papermaking furnish from paper pulp, at least one specified quaternary ammonium compound and at least one specified nonionic surfactant. The quaternary ammonium compounds are trimethylalkyl, trimethylalkylene, methylpolyoxyethylene alkyl and methylpolyoxyethylene alkylene quaternary ammonium compounds. The nonionic surfactants are ethylene oxide adducts of fatty alcohols and fatty acids. The second and third steps in the basic process are the deposition of the papermaking furnish onto a foraminous surface such as a Fordrinier wire and removal of the water from the deposited furnish.

Abstract: Compound sanitary napkins comprising a primary menstrual pad and a panty protector joined by union means having limited extent. The primary menstrual pad comprises an absorbent core and, optionally, a pad overwrap and, also optionally, a fluid barrier. The panty protector comprises an absorbent element and a moisture barrier and, optionally, a protector overwrap and, also optionally, adhesive attachment means. The two constituents are joined at their corresponding ends, with the absorbent element of the panty protector interposed between the moisture barrier of the panty protector and the primary menstrual pad, by the union means in such a manner that the two are free to move relative to one another along essentially their entire common length. In use, the compound sanitary napkin is secured to the user's undergarments (as by the optional adhesive attachment means) in such a position that the primary menstrual pad is interposed between the panty protector and the user's body.

Abstract: Absorptive devices comprising a facing element, a support element, an absorbent core, and a backsheet. The facing element is a body fluid permeable, unbonded, carded web of resilient, hydrophobic fibers which has been affixed to the supporting element through the means of spaced apart regions of bonding. The supporting element is a body fluid permeable planer sheet compatible with and affixed to the facing element. The absorbent core must absorb and retain body fluids while the backsheet must be impermeable to such fluids. The four elements are superimposed one upon another in the order mentioned and are united in that position to form devices such as disposable diapers, sanitary napkins, incontinent pads and the like.

Abstract: Tissue paper webs useful in the manufacture of soft, absorbent products such as paper towels, and processes for making the webs. The process comprises the steps of forming an aqueous papermaking furnish from paper pulp, at least one specified quaternary ammonium compound and at least one specified nonionic surfactant. The quaternary ammonium compounds are trimethylalkyl, trimethylalkylene, methylpolyoxyethylene alkyl and methylpolyoxyethylene alkylene quaternary ammonium compounds. The nonionic surfactants are ethylene oxide adducts of fatty alcohols and fatty acids. The second and third steps in the basic process are the deposition of the papermaking furnish onto a foraminous surface such as a Fordrinier wire and removal of the water from the deposited furnish.

Abstract: Disposable diapers provided with a two-element breathable backsheet. The two elements are a vapor pervious, relatively liquid impervious outer sheet and a liquid impervious inner panel. An absorbent core is the third necessary element of the disposable diaper. The inner panel is placed between the outer sheet and the absorbent core in the crotch region of the disposable diaper. There is no requirement that the inner panel be affixed to the outer sheet in any manner other than to insure the maintenance of their relative orientations during use. The disposable diaper can be provided with an optional topsheet disposed on the absorbent core on the side opposite the breathable backsheet.

Abstract: Antiperspirant compositions comprising aluminum and zirconium. Efficacious, aqueous solution-stable, antiperspirant complexes comprise an aluminum compound, a zirconium compound, a water soluble neutral amino acid, and an inorganic acidic compound. The aluminum compound is an aluminum chlorohydrate having an aluminum to chlorine molar ratio of from about 1.60 to about 2.5 while the zirconium compound is a zirconyl hydroxychloride having a zirconium to chlorine molar ratio of from about 0.67 to about 2.0. In the antiperspirant complex, the aluminum to zirconium molar ratio is from about 2 to about 10, the total metal to chlorine molar ratio is less than about 1.30, and the neutral amino acid to total metal molar ratio is from about 0.09 to about 0.24. The neutral amino acid to total metal molar ratio is from about 0.09 to about 0.75 when the antiperspirant complex is used in non-aqueous systems.

Abstract: The object of this invention is to provide a composition of thermoplastic rubber which can be extruded into fibers and films with exceptional strength and good elasticity. Current formulations of some thermoplastic rubbers cannot be extruded into fibers or films with the accompanying strength and elasticity.Compositions of the current invention comprise 20 to 50% by weight of one of a group of fatty acids or fatty alcohols containing from about 12 to about 24 carbon atoms and 80 to 50% by weight of a member selected from the group consisting of A-B-A block copolymers, where B is poly(ethylenebutylene) and A is a thermoplastic polymer which is phase incompatible with B.This composition of matter results in a thermoplastic rubber composition that is easily extrudable into fibers or films. Extruded fibers of the current composition can be made into elastic fabrics, elastic bands for clothing or made into nonwoven structures for use in elastic bandages or wrapping.

Abstract: Strong, low basis weight, spontaneously dispersible sheets of modified cellulosic fibers. The sheets are prepared from modified cellulosic fibers such as cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose or essentially acidic sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. Mixtures of modified fibers with unmodified fibers are also disclosed. The process of preparing the sheets comprises the steps of airlaying the fibers to form an airfelt, increasing the moisture content of the airfelt, and compacting the moisturized airfelt.