Abstract: Determining authorization for actions includes defining a plurality of groups, defining a plurality of action types and corresponding levels of authorization for each of the groups, for at least a subset of the action types, defining a plurality of devices on which corresponding actions may be performed, wherein at least some of the devices correspond to portions of a data storage device, and, for the at least one of the groups, determining authorization for a requested action, where if the action corresponds to one of the devices, authorization is determined by examining the levels of authorization for action types corresponding to the at least one group and by examining the plurality of devices corresponding to the requested action and where if the action does not correspond to one of the devices, authorization is determined by examining the levels of authorization for action types corresponding to the at least one group. The action types may include system calls to the data storage device.