Abstract: A glass having a composition which would result by mixing from 20 to 80 weight percent of glass A with 80 to 20 weight percent of glass B and melting the mixture to form a homogeneous glass:______________________________________ Glass A Glass B Weight Weight Percent Percent ______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 1.8-2.2 SiO.sub.2 67-70 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 14-16.5 Li.sub.2 O 14-17 PbO 69-72 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 4-5.5 ZnO 8.2-9.2 CaO 9-12 BaO 2.7-3.5 ______________________________________said glass having a coefficient of thermal contraction from 15.degree. C. below the annealing point to room temperature of from 106 to 115.times.10.sup.-7 /.degree.C.

Abstract: In the inspection of generally round glass containers where the containers are indexed into the gauging stations or positions by the movement of a starwheel mechanism, the containers are held in a generally upright attitude with their bottoms engaging a pair of spaced rollers extending through a slide plate at the gauging station. Each roller is biased in an upward direction against the container bottom. The containers are rotated, in station, by engagement of the sidewall thereof by a rotating wheel mounted on an axis that is somewhat out-of-vertical to aid in holding the container down against the rollers and slide plate. The gauging rollers each have their vertical movements drive the core of a separate differential transformer. The output of the transformers are amplified, alegebraically summed and fed to a discriminator.

Abstract: A conveyor apparatus for receiving and transporting cylindrical stock or articles past work stations includes a plurality of rollers disposed along spaced-apart parallel axes. The rollers are driven through one-way or overrunning clutches and rotate cylindrical stock disposed between adjacent pairs of rollers. At a work station, a moving member such as a belt engages the stock and rotates it at a speed higher than the speed imparted to it by the rollers. The overrunning clutches release the conveyor rollers and rotate with the stock at a correspondingly higher speed. The constant, non-slipping contact between the rollers and stock minimizes such difficulties as scoring of the stock and significantly improves product quality and appearance.

Abstract: A tamperproof package comprising a container having a neck with external threads formed thereon and a plastic closure comprising a top panel and an integral depending annular skirt having integral internal threads formed thereon complementary to the threads on the neck of the container. The container has an annular locking bead positioned axially below the threads. The skirt has a pilfer ring at the lower end thereof connected to the upper portion of the skirt by a plurality of circumferentially spaced integral bridge portions that are located below the threads when the closure is on the container. The ring has a radially inwardly extending annular rib engaging beneath the locking bead of the container when the closure is on the container.

Abstract: A web-feeding machine used to provide a continuous supply of material having successive labels and registration marks printed serially thereon includes an assembly for splicing the material from a ready web to the material severed from a running web. The splicing assembly has a response time T after being actuated by a control system. The control system comprises a driving circuit for electromechanically actuating the splicing assembly, a scanner positioned adjacent the material to provide a signal in response to the presence of a registration mark, and an encoder for providing a fixed number of pulses proportional to a corresponding length of the moving material. The control system also comprises a control circuit connected to the scanner, the encoder and the driving circuit. The control circuit counts the number of encoder pulses B.sub.o between successive scanner signals and then decrements from that number B.sub.o to zero. In addition, the control circuit provides a time delay T.sub.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for generating a comparison signal representing the deviation between two analog video signals representing light received from particular inspection points on an object being inspected. The comparison signal is generated with a magnitude representing the ratio between the values of the two video signals. The ratio is calculated with the one of the two video signals having the larger magnitude as the denominator. In order to calculate the ratio, the present invention first converts the two analog video signals to digital form and then determines the log of each of digitized video signal. Next, the negative difference between the two log signals is determined. The negative difference is then exponentiated to determine the ratio.

Abstract: Each section of a multi-section glass forming machine contains a plurality of mechanisms for moving functional members in sequence for forming gobs into glass containers and for sweeping the containers from a cooling dead plate to a moving machine conveyor.A plurality of reversible, electric motors are provided for each section to operate the rotation of the sweepout mechanism and for operating the other mechanisms, namely, the parison mold opening and closing mechanism, the funnel operating mechanism, the baffle operating mechanism, the invert arm operating mechanism, the blow mold operating mechanism, the blowhead operating mechanism and the take-out mechanism. Each motor is coupled directly to the drive shaft of the mechanism and the rotation of each motor is controlled by a programmable controller which permits the adjustment of the timing and velocity during machine operation of each motor independently of the other electric motors.

Abstract: A registration control method for a printed label cutoff machine controls both the location of the cut by performing a phase adjustment and the length of the individual labels by performing a base speed adjustment. A strip of labels have eyemarks printed thereon for defining the location at which the individual labels are to be cut. An optical scanner is positioned adjacent the labels and generates a scanner pulse upon detection of an eyemark. A control circuit includes a setup control for automatically running the machine into registration from an initial setup position. The setup control functions to generate a reference pulse a predetermined distance before the scanner is expected to see an eyemark. When the eyemark is detected within a designated window area the control utilizes the scanner pulse and the reference pulse to calculate the phase error for each label and generate a phase correction signal proportional to the actual phase error.

Abstract: This invention relates to method and apparatus for inspecting glass containers and other types of containers having transparent or translucent sidewalls for defects, and especially to inspecting the finish portion of glass containers for defects such as horizontal checks. The entire finish portion is illuminated by diffused light and the check-type defects reflect light upwardly into an Erfle eyepiece which is then imaged onto a matrix-type light sensor.

Abstract: Rapidly descending articles are decelerated in a segmented walled mechanism which alternately decreases in cross-sectional area to decelerate and restrain an article and subsequently increases in cross-sectional area to permit the article to fall safely to a reception device, such as a conveyor, below. The decrease in cross-sectional area is synchronized with the delivery of the article from an associated fabrication device. The mechanism also includes a synchronously oscillating receiving tube which alternately tracks one moving discharge site on the fabrication device and then returns to engage and track an adjacent discharge site. Orientation of the article is maintained as it passes through the cross-sectional area and onto the conveyor.

Abstract: An apparatus for testing the necks of glass containers by physically impacting the neck of each container, on the side, at 90.degree. intervals therearound. Two embodiments are disclosed. In one, the containers are moved, in series, past four neck impacting devices and rotated between impacts. In the other embodiment, the containers move, in series, past four impacters that are so oriented and driven as to impact a non-rotatable container at 90.degree. intervals about the neck circumference.

Abstract: A finished product controller is disclosed for monitoring the performance of a glassware production line and the bottle inspection equipment operating thereon. Bottles are formed in molds which impress an identifying code unique to each mold in each formed bottle. Bottles leaving the forming machine are fed to one of several inspection loops. A primary inspection loop inlcudes apparatus for inspecting the bottles fed to it for defects and apparatus for reading the identifying code on those bottles. One or more secondary inspection loops are provided for inspecting the rest of the bottles for defects only. A computer correlates the detected defects in the bottles passing through the primary inspection loop to the defective mold which produced them and acquires defect data on the secondary loops. A cavity reject ratio is calculated for each defect and compared to a predetermined value to alert a forming operator to a defective cavity.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for automatically monitoring the amount of batch material floating on an irradiant pool of melt in a glass melting furnace is disclosed. A video camera is positioned so as to view the surface of the batch and melt mixture through a window formed in a wall of the furnace tank. The video signal is digitized by a computer into a plurality of pixel signals. The pixel signals can be utilized to generate a histogram relating the number of digitized pixel signals to a relative light intensity scale. The generated histogram will be bimodal, with one peak centering around a lower scale value corresponding to the darker batch pixels and the other peak centering around a higher scale value corresponding to the lighter melt pixels. A suitable threshold, such as the minimum point between the two peaks, can be selected to separate the two peaks.

Abstract: An apparatus for spraying an oil-water-air mixture onto a plurality of shear blades adjacent to a glass gob feeder and including a multi-compartmented mixing block, a flow meter in the water line, an oil-water ratio controller, signal means connecting the flow meter output to the ratio controller for actuating an oil injector in response to the water flow whereby a metered quantity of oil-water mixture is entrained with the air in the mixing block and individual spray nozzles are connected to each compartment.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of operating a regenerative furnace to capture a greater portion of its waste heat. A substantially greater amount of air than that required for combustion is passed through the air intake side of the regenerative furnace. The non-combustion clean hot air is taken from the furnace and conducted to an auxiliary heat-utilizing apparatus mounted exteriorly of the furnace.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for generating clock pulses to an electronically controlled glassware forming machine from the variable frequency power present in a power selsyn multiple motor drive system is disclosed. The frequency of the power present in the selsyn rotor windings is subtracted from the frequency of the power present in the selsyn stator windings to generate a difference frequency signal. The difference frequency signal has a frequency which is directly proportional to the speed of the rotating selsyn rotors. The difference frequency signal can be scaled to provide a desired number of clock pulses and reset pulses per machine cycle.

Abstract: A child resistant package comprising an open-mouth plastic container and a closure. The container has a plurality of circumferentially spaced projections extending radially outwardly adjacent the open end thereof, each projection having a shoulder facing downwardly in one circumferential direction. A closure has a top panel and an annular skirt depending from the periphery of the top panel and a plurality of radially inwardly extending and circumferentially spaced locking lugs on the inner surface of the skirt. The locking lugs are adapted to engage the shoulders in the projections on the container. The closure has a liner sealingly engaging the open end of the container and extending downwardly into sealing engagement with the inner surface of the upper open end of the container. The closure has at least one cam lug positioned on the inner surface of the skirt such that it is positioned between projections when the closure is on the container and the locking lugs are in engagement with the projections.

Abstract: A child resistant closure and container comprising a container, a finish fitment rotatably mounted on the open end of the container, and a closure having a top wall and a skirt. Threads between the finish fitment and the skirt require relative rotation to disengage the closure from the finish fitment. The finish fitment includes a top portion interposed between the top wall of the closure and the container such that the top wall of the container engages the top portion of the finish fitment. The fitment and the closure are rotatable relative to said container and said threads are disengageable only when said fitment is manually grasped and prevented from rotating relative to the container. The container includes projections that engage notches in the fitment to prevent rotation of the fitment during threading of the closure so that the fitment need not be held manually during the application of the closure.