Abstract: The present invention concerns configuration of a new category of integrated circuitry for adaptive or reconfigurable computing. The various embodiments provide an executable information module for an adaptive computing engine (ACE) integrated circuit to provide an operating mode. The preferred executable information modules include configuration information interleaved with operand data, and may also include routing and power control information. The preferred ACE IC includes a plurality of heterogeneous computational elements coupled to an interconnection network. The plurality of heterogeneous computational elements include corresponding computational elements having fixed and differing architectures, such as fixed architectures for different functions such as memory, addition, multiplication, complex multiplication, subtraction, configuration, reconfiguration, control, input, output, and field programmability.

Abstract: The invention provides an oscillator apparatus having a plurality of stages, with each stage of the plurality of stages having an output node, and with a plurality of input transistors within each stage. The various output nodes are coupled to the transistor inputs of the various stages, such that for the nth stage of the plurality of stages, the input to jth transistor, of the plurality of input transistors, is coupled to the (n?j)th output node, and wherein (n?j) is determined modulo N, where “N” is a total number of the plurality of stages and “j” is a transistor number of the plurality of input transistors within each stage. The various embodiments of the oscillator include oscillators with 6 or more stages and with 3 or more inputs per stage, plus any load input transistor, including 8 and 16 stage oscillators to produce a multiplicity of phases for any selected use.

Abstract: The present invention includes an apparatus, method and system for generating a configuration of an adaptive circuit which is inseparable from selected content. Either the adaptive circuit or encrypted, selected content has a unique identifier. In one of the preferred method and system embodiments in which the adaptive circuit has the unique identifier, a request for the selected content is received, along with the unique identifier, such as by a network server. The selected content is then encrypted, based upon the unique identifier, to form encrypted content. Configuration information for the adaptive circuit, corresponding to the unique identifier and the encrypted content, is generated to form corresponding configuration information. A service provider, such as through a network server, transfers the encrypted content and the corresponding configuration information to the adaptive circuit having the unique identifier, which may then be configured for use of the selected content.

Abstract: The present invention provides a read-only memory (ROM) architecture. An exemplary ROM array includes a plurality of columns, a plurality of rows, a first plurality of transistors or other switches representing a “0” data state or low voltage state, and a second plurality of transistors or other switches representing a “1” data state or high voltage state. Each transistor has a corresponding drain coupled to a column and a gate coupled to a row. Each transistor of the first plurality has a source coupled to a source voltage bus, and each transistor of the second plurality has a source not coupled to the source voltage bus, through use of a programmable contact window during fabrication. In various embodiments, for a selected column, drains of pair-wise adjacent transistors share a common drain-column contact and common diffusion region.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus, such as an integrated circuit, to control the extinction ratio of a semiconductor laser and maintain the extinction ratio substantially constant at a predetermined level. Apparatus embodiments include a semiconductor laser, a modulator, a photodetector, and an extinction ratio controller. The semiconductor laser is capable of transmitting an optical signal in response to a modulation current. The modulator is capable of providing the modulation current to the semiconductor laser, with the modulation current corresponding to an input data signal. The photodetector, which is optically coupled to the semiconductor laser, is capable of converting the optical signal into a photodetector current. The extinction ratio controller, in response to the photodetector current, is capable of adjusting the modulation current provided by the modulator to the semiconductor laser to generate the optical signal having substantially a predetermined extinction ratio.

Abstract: The present invention provides a bi-directional impedance matching integrated circuit which is couplable through an interface to a channel for signal transmission and reception. The invention includes a first switchable impedance and a second switchable impedance having a respective output impedance and input impedance substantially equal to a channel impedance. An impedance controller is capable of coupling the first switchable impedance to the interface in response to a transmit control signal, coupling the second switchable impedance to the interface in response to a receive control signal, and further capable of uncoupling the first switchable impedance and the second switchable impedance from a power supply and from a ground potential in response to a low power control signal. A mode selector is utilized to provide the transmit control signal, the receive control signal, and the low power control signal.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a new category of integrated circuitry and a new methodology for adaptive or reconfigurable computing. The preferred IC embodiment includes a plurality of heterogeneous computational elements coupled to an interconnection network. The plurality of heterogeneous computational elements include corresponding computational elements having fixed and differing architectures, such as fixed architectures for different functions such as memory, addition, multiplication, complex multiplication, subtraction, configuration, reconfiguration, control, input, output, and field programmability. In response to configuration information, the interconnection network is operative in real-time to configure and reconfigure the plurality of heterogeneous computational elements for a plurality of different functional modes, including linear algorithmic operations, non-linear algorithmic operations, finite state machine operations, memory operations, and bit-level manipulations.

Abstract: The invention provides a method, program and system for designing an oscillator apparatus having a plurality of stages, with each stage of the plurality of stages having an output node, and with a plurality of input transistors within each stage. The various output nodes are coupled to the transistor inputs of the various stages, such that for the nth stage of the plurality of stages, the input to a jth input transistor, of the plurality of input transistors, is coupled to the (n−j)th output node, and wherein (n−j) is determined modulo N, where “N” is a total number of the plurality of stages and “j” is a transistor number of the plurality of input transistors within each stage. The methodology determines relative sizes of each input transistor within a stage for a given number of stages, a total transconductance of the input transistors per stage, and a minimum relative attenuation of undesired modes.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for translating a lower voltage signal, utilized in a low voltage integrated circuit, to a higher voltage signal suitable for use in a high voltage circuit. The apparatus includes a low voltage transistor assembly capable of operating in response to the lower voltage signal; a voltage regulator which is configured to limit an applied voltage across the low voltage transistor assembly; and a high voltage converter which is responsive to the operation of the low voltage transistor assembly to generate the higher voltage signal. The voltage regulator includes a reference voltage generator and a voltage limiter.

Abstract: The method, system and tangible medium storing computer readable software of the present invention, provide for program constructs, such as commands, declarations, variables, and statements, which have been developed to describe computations for an adaptive computing architecture, rather than provide instructions to a sequential microprocessor or DSP architecture. The invention includes program constructs that permit a programmer to define data flow graphs in software, to provide for operations to be executed in parallel, and to reference variable states and historical values in a straightforward manner. The preferred method, system, and software also includes mechanisms for efficiently referencing array variables, and enables the programmer to succinctly describe the direct data flow among matrices, nodes, and other configurations of computational elements and computational units forming the adaptive computing architecture.

Abstract: The present invention provides a low pH microemulsion cleaning composition, with methods for making and using the composition. The composition includes a salt of citric acid; at least one anionic surfactant such as a complex alkyl phosphate ester; at least one nonionic surfactant; a hydrotrope; a glycol ether; 5% to 25% by weight of glycolic acid, citric acid or lactic acid; 2% to 20% by weight of d-limonene, dl-limonene, pine oil, lemon oil, orange oil, grapefruit oil, lime oil, or bergamot oil; and water.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and system to actively stabilize a probe, such as a microelectrode, relative to movement of the subject, utilizing laser interferometry. In the preferred embodiments, a probe is mounted on a manipulator such that the probe moveable in response to a control voltage. A laser interferometer is utilized to transmit a first light beam to the subject and to receive a reflected light beam, to modulate a second light beam with a radio frequency signal to form a reference light beam, and to combine the reflected light beam and the reference beam to form an interference pattern. A demodulator is utilized to quadrature demodulate a phase shift of a radio frequency component of the interference pattern to determine a displacement signal representative of an amount and direction of subject movement, and to convert the displacement signal to the control voltage.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a new type of rake receiver, namely, a multimode rake receiver, which may be included within either a mobile station or a base station, and which has dynamic pilot signal searching and multipath reception and combining capability, for CDMA, cdma2000, W-CDMA, or other mobile communication systems. The adaptive, multimode rake receiver includes a network interface, a plurality of adaptive multimode rake fingers, and a multimode processor. Each adaptive multimode rake finger and the multimode processor are responsive to first configuration information (a first mode signal) to configure for a path reception functional mode and are further responsive to second configuration information (a second mode signal) to configure for a searcher functional mode, providing the multimode rake receiver with acquisition, traffic, and idle modes.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and system are provided for automatic telecommunication conferencing and broadcasting. The system embodiment includes a switch for reception of a first incoming call leg designating a multiple leg service, such as a telecommunication conference, and also designating a subscriber group. Each particular subscriber group is predefined, and consists of a list of directory numbers to be included within the conference or broadcast session. The system embodiment also includes a conference bridge coupled to the switch, in which the conference bridge includes instructions to receive the first incoming call leg routed from the switch, to determine the plurality of directory numbers associated with the subscriber group, and to return to the switch a plurality of intermediate incoming call legs corresponding to the plurality of directory numbers for routing by the switch to form a plurality of outgoing call legs.

Abstract: A system, method and apparatus are disclosed for common-mode voltage feedback. The preferred system includes a plurality of differential circuits, a corresponding plurality of common-mode voltage detectors, a corresponding plurality of buffer circuits, and a common-mode control circuit. Each differential circuit is operative to produce a first differential output voltage and a second differential output voltage. Each corresponding common-mode voltage detector is operative to provide a common-mode voltage from the first differential output voltage and the second differential output voltage. The common-mode control circuit provides a control voltage signal from the common-mode voltage and from a reference voltage. Each buffer circuit is operative to adjust the corresponding common-mode voltage using the control voltage signal to provide a common-mode feedback voltage signal to the corresponding differential circuit.

Abstract: The present invention provides a slope equalizer for use in a voice frequency channel card, which is preferably electronically and remotely controllable, and retrocompatible with existing telecommunication systems. The slope equalizer of the invention includes a high-pass filter followed by a variable gain stage amplifier, where the variable gain stage amplifier is an operational amplifier with a plurality of parallel input signal paths, each of the signal paths being a series-connected resistor and switch. The switch is preferably a FET transistor that is electronically and, optionally, remotely controllable. The circuit topology allows the use of FET transistors having relatively high on-resistances. A further advantage of the topology is that the FET switches are connected to a virtual ground by way of an operational amplifier, thereby reducing on-resistance modulation caused by signal variations across the FET.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and system are provided for personal telecommunication incoming call screening and alerting for call waiting applications. During a first telecommunication call, the method includes, first, receiving a second telecommunication call, and second, determining a relative priority of the second telecommunication call compared to the first telecommunication call. When the second telecommunication call has a same relative priority or a higher relative priority than the first telecommunication call, the method provides a first level of priority service to the second telecommunication call, such as interrupting the user and providing a distinctive user alert during the first telecommunication call indicative of the same or higher level of priority.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and system are provided for a handoff of a mobile broadcast of information specific to a geographic region. The mobile broadcast is typically transmitted on a first broadcast channel from a serving switching center and a serving transceiver to a mobile unit, such as to a cellular telephone. The preferred system includes a plurality of mobile switching centers coupled via signaling and trunk lines to a plurality of transceivers. The serving switching center selects a target switching center and transmits a handoff directive, the handoff directive including a broadcast parameter designating the mobile broadcast. In the preferred embodiment, the broadcast parameter is an eight bit designation of the broadcast channel, and may be included within a field of ANSI-compatible messages, such as Facilities Directives and Handoff Measurement Requests, and distinguishes the handoff of the information broadcast from other types of communication handoffs.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and system are disclosed for providing variable termination and alerting patterns, based upon call progress information, for multiple leg telecommunication sessions, such as for flexible alerting. The preferred wireless system embodiment includes a home location register (HLR) and a mobile switching center (MSC). The HLR stores a plurality of secondary directory numbers(with corresponding routing parameters) associated with a pilot directory number. The MSC differentially processes and routes each outgoing call leg associated with each secondary directory number, to form a plurality of outgoing call legs. As the various outgoing call legs may be answered, not answered, released, have routing failures, or return busy signals, the MSC generates, and transmits to the HLR, corresponding call progress and status information. Based upon such information, the HLR may dynamically vary the termination and alerting patterns for outgoing call legs corresponding to the secondary directory numbers.

Abstract: The apparatus, method and system of the present invention provide for cross-speaker speech recognition, and are particularly suited for telecommunication applications such as automatic name (voice) dialing, message management, call return management, and incoming call screening. The method of the present invention includes receiving incoming speech, such as an incoming caller name, and generating a phonetic transcription of the incoming speech with a speaker-independent, hidden Markov model having an unconstrained grammar in which any phoneme may follow any other phoneme, followed by determining a transcription parameter as a likelihood of fit of the incoming speech to the speaker-independent model.