Abstract: A process of producing a distinctive color comprises the steps of providing an aqueous mixture of Maillard reactants (a) and (b), and exposing the aqueous mixture to drying and reactive conditions such as spray drying, wherein substantially all the water is rapidly evaporated to yield a dry product having a color which is distinctive relative to the aqueous mixture. Examples of Maillard reactants include various sugars one of which is dextrose, and various amino acids one of which is glycine.

Abstract: A jointing device primarily for scaffold or stand system, for example in exhibition show cases and the like, which system is assembled of tubes (3). The jointing device is a junction, to which one or several tubes (3) are attached, where each tube has one end to co-operate with the jointing device. A pull rod (5) comprising a T-shaped end portion (6) is provided in each tube and cooperates with a preferably substantially spherical junction member (1). The jointing device has a substantially sleeve-shaped attachment member (34) inserted within the tube (3) comprising inner stop members (35) for co-operation with stop members (36) located at the pull rod (5), so that the pull rod without axial displacement is rotatable about the axial direction in relation to the sleeve (34) in a predetermined direction, but substantially not in the opposite direction.

Abstract: A method is described for applying coatings to objects by means of magnetic ield supported cathode sputtering in a vacuum, wherein, in order to achieve an improved coating rate, the total reactive gas quantity fed into a coating chamber is so measured that the reactive gas portion in the metal-reactive gas compound of the coating on the workpiece, is present in sub-stoichiometric relationship, and wherein the reactive gas flow in the chamber is conducted directly into the area of the workpieces to be coated, by-passing the sputtering cathode.

Abstract: A method for cleansing metal-containing solutions, particularly, but not exclusively, process water which contains such metals as mercury, cadmium and/or lead, where the metals concerned are present in water-soluble form, such as the form of a chloride complex. The method is characterized by passing the solution through an ion-exchange material (4) which consists essentially of sulfhydrated cellulose, the metals being adsorbed in the sulfhydrated cellulose; regenerating the ion-exchange material (4) subsequent to the adsorption of a predetermined quantity of metal, by rinsing the ion-exchange material with an aqueous solution that contains hydrochloric acid (HCl) at a concentration of at least about 1 molar HCl; and precipitating the metals concerned in sulphide form, in a known manner, from the liquid that is eluted from the ion-exchange material (4) in the aforementioned rinsing process.The invention also relates to apparatus for carrying out the method.

Abstract: The invention refers to a process and a device for the fully automatic cleaning of spray guns foulded with paint or varnish, wherein the spray guns are immersed with their paint or varnish reservoir open into a cleaning fluid free of solvents or thinners, during a first cleaning phase the fluid is circulated and a fluid jet is introduced into the open paint or varnish reservoir or into the paint or varnish inlet, during a second phase ultrasonic waves are introduced into the cleaning fluid while the spray guns are moved oscillating up and down in the fluid, the two cleaning phases are repeated at least once and the spray guns are subsequently repeatedly immersed in a rinsing fluid and, if applicable, are moved therein, while the rinsing fluid is circulated and a rinsing fluid stream is introduced into the open paint or varnish reservoir or into the paint or varnish inlet.

Abstract: An arrangement for heating with the aid of microwave energy, comprising a microwave generator constructed to supply a waveguide, the waveguide having provided in one side surface thereof a dielectric plate through which microwave energy propagates. In accordance with the invention the arrangement includes at least two microwave generators (1, 2), each of which is arranged to supply a feed waveguide (3, 4). The feed waveguide (3, 4) is a power divider which is arranged to distribute the power input substantially equally to at least two applicators (7, 8; 9, 10) which extend at an angle to the feed waveguide, where each of the at least four applicators (7, 8; 9, 10) is provided on one side surface thereof with a dielectric plate (11, 12, 14) of the aforesaid kind. The applicators are positioned in relation to one another so that all dielectric plates (11, 12, 14) lie in one and the same plane.

Abstract: A method for inspecting integrating circuit or other objects, in which the object is irradiated with an electron beam and in which a detector is caused to detect electrons emitted from the object, to determine the voltage level of the object or some other property at one or more points, or another signal generated upon irradiation. The points or nodes on the object to be inspected are allocated coordinates (x'.sub.i, Y'.sub.i) in a coordinate system x'-y' related to the object where identification points on the object are determined or applied to the object, these identification points also being allocated coordinates (x'.sub.i, y'.sub.i). The object is placed in an electron-microscope type apparatus, where the position of the coordinate system x'- y' in relation to a coordinate system x - y related to the electron microscope is determined, by determining the positions of the identification points relative to the coordinate system x - y.

Abstract: A method of explosion welding very thin plastic foil to a thicker base material. By fastening a soft material of low acoustic velocity in position on the metal foil prior to carrying out a welding operation, the pressure differences which prevail in the pressure wave incident on the metal foil are equalized in a manner to maintain a uniform pressure wave during the welding sequence. The inventive method enables the explosion welding of thin metal layers having a thickness as low as some few microns.

Abstract: An electric welding control circuit incorporates a mode selection switch to enable the welder to be used in a selected one of several operational modes, such as a rod welder, a MIG, a TIG or a spot/stitch welder. A wire feed motor is used in the MIG mode to feed welding wire to the electrodes. A regulating circuit controls the speed of the wire feed motor as a function of the welding electrode voltage. A zener diode in the regulating circuit turns on a switching transistor to cause the feed motor to run at a normal speed when the voltage is between predetermined limits and a second zener diode senses a loss of arc to slow the feed. In a spot/stitch mode, a timer is used to time the spot periods, the timer operation being dependent on the presence of an arc as detected by the regulating circuit so as to commence the timed period when the arc is struck.

Abstract: A ventilated toilet having a unique air duct and water trap system which results in improved ventilation for removing air contaminated with objectionable odors directly to a sewer line is disclosed. The toilet bowl and tank have built in air systems and the toilet seat is hollow and forms part of the air system. The fan and electrical components are located at the highest level of the fan-duct system so that water entering the air system due to tank overflow or a leak in the system will run out through the duct system before reaching the electrical components. The present system provides a water trap/air vent combination which does not rely on running water to refill the trap.

Abstract: Intra-ocular implant lens (11) in which is embedded a transparent, tinted plastic disc (15).

Abstract: In a wheel for use with a modular assembly system with plug-in-type elements, the dimensioning of all of the elements being based on a basic unit length a, the wheel having a square central axle hole with a cross-section of a.times.a, rectangular slots with a width a being radially cut into both of the laterial faces of the wheel and arranged in pairs axially opposite to each other, axial openings are provided in the areas of the slots to provide a connection between the axially opposed slots.

Abstract: A lifting and towing attachment for use on a trailer cab having a conventional fifth wheel coupler, the attachment readily converting the cab for use in lifting and towing a disabled vehicle, particularly large vehicles such as dump trucks, buses, or other trailer cabs.

Abstract: A transversely mounted, single pneumatic spring, and dual bell crank and idler link assembly providing a compact counterbalance for hinged closures such as automobile trunk lids. Pneumatic spring enhancements, e.g., a multi-output force feature and a pressure decay compensation feature may be incorporated in the spring unit to enhance opening of the lid and to improve life expectancy of the pneumatic spring by minimizing and effectively negating pressure loss due to leakage of gas past the shaft seal. Excess spring cylinder length can provide space or volume zones used for the enhancement features. Structure which provides a multiple output force for the pneumatic spring, utilizes positioning of the spring shaft end bushing and seal to vary the working volume by changing effective cross-section area of the piston shaft near the end of a compression stroke. The extra cylinder length enables a sealed partition wall to separate extra volume and the operative volume part of the cylinder.

Abstract: A method of measuring the distance between two objects and/or the speed of one object in relation to the other, the objects incorporating respectively a transmitter-receiver unit and a transponder or reflector, in which method a phase comparison is made between a signal transmitted by the transmitter-receiver unit and a signal received in the transmitter-receiver unit and transmitted from the transponder or reflector. In accordance with the invention the transmitter-receiver unit is caused to transmit signals of microwave frequency, preferably about 2450 MHz, this transmission comprising the transmission of a first signal having a first frequency, the transmission of at least one second signal having a higher or lower frequency, and the transmission of a third signal having the same frequency as the first mentioned signal, wherewith the phase differences .phi.