Abstract: A fuzzy steering controller for wheel-type agricultural vehicles with an electrohydraulic steering system is disclosed. The fuzzy controller was developed based on a common-sense model of agricultural vehicle steering. The controller implements steering corrections based upon the desired steering rate and the error between the desired and the actual wheel angles. The controller consists of a variable fuzzifier, an inference engine with a steering control rulebase, and a control signal defuzzifier. The controller could be used on different platforms. Tuning of the fuzzy membership functions will accommodate for physical differences between the platforms. The controller achieves prompt and accurate steering control performance on both a hardware-in-the-loop electrohydraulic steering simulator and on an agricultural tractor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to test transmitter for verifying the positioning of antennas in a mobile telecommunications system and a method for manufacturing such a test transmitter that is particularly well suited for indoor use. A mobile terminal is modified so that it can transmit in the downlink frequency band, and preferably so that it can transmit one or more of the signal types used for downlink signalling, used in the mobile telecommunications system.

Abstract: To make a multiband transmitter-receiver without having to greatly increase the number of oscillators used for the modulation and demodulation of signals located in frequency bands that are very different from one another, a pair (13, 14) of programmable frequency dividers is used, installed in a transmission circuit comprising a transmission frequency oscillator (3, 30), a single transition frequency oscillator and an intermediate frequency oscillator. To go from a use (11) in one band to a use in another hand, it is enough, by means of a microprocessor (15), to modify the division coefficients of the programmable dividers by using infradyne and supradyne dividers.

Abstract: An automatic ice maker for use in freezing compartments of the refrigerators. A planar stop arm is used as an ice cube detecting device for detecting a sufficient ice cubes stored in a bin arranged below a tray for making ice cubes. The stop arm can be swung between the bin for storing therein the ice cubes and the tray in order prevent the ice cubes stored in the bin from being molten by a head radiation from a heater provided on the tray.

Abstract: A linear transformation of the image signal on a segment with an arbitrary geometrical shape includes the following steps: the sub-division of the segment into sub-segments of regular shapes (rectangular, square or linear shapes), the application of an orthogonal linear transformation to each sub-segment, the combining of the coefficients coming from the first transformation into classes of coefficients according to a predetermined criterion, and the iteration of the transformation on the classes of coefficients, and which can be applied to the processing of images for encoding.

Abstract: A device for connection between the ends of tubes (2) protecting one or more cables (9) and a box (4), has a flexible sheath (3) that makes it possible, at the exit from the tubes (2), to connect the cables (9) coming from the tubes (2) to the box in providing for the protection of the said cables (9) and enabling the moving away of the box (4) to be accessed.

Abstract: A method for the testing of electronic components comprises an interface driving a test device. The interface can be parameterized according to the test. The test method provides for a first and only learning phase during which a measurement date that is the earliest possible date is determined. This method thereafter comprises the performance of adjusting phases to define adjusted measurement dates, used during an application phase. The adjusting phases are short, fast and precise, and are used to optimize the total performance time of a test and, simultaneously, also the profitability of production. Indeed, the measurement dates are determined with respect to the totalized populations.

Abstract: A gate valve including a valve disc for opening and closing an opening formed in a partition wall for separating a processing chamber from an other chamber, a valve seat formed on the wall around the opening, and a block provided on a side surface of the valve disc facing the processing chamber for filling up the opening. The valve disc is moved selectively brought into contact with the valve seat. When the opening is closed by the valve disc the block is positioned in the opening to close the opening, and when the opening is not closed by the valve disc the block is not positioned in the opening. A gate valve includes a valve disc for opening and closing one side of an opening formed in a partition wall for separating a processing chamber from an other chamber, a valve seat formed on one side surface of the wall around the opening, a closing member for opening and closing the other side of the opening, and a groove formed in the wall for receiving therein the closing member.

Abstract: In an expansion valve the pressure vessel of which is constituted by a reduced number of parts and which does not require seal members a valve unit is surrounded by first and second half shells which in turn are surrounded by a pressure vessel formed as a one-piece body by molding resin by an insert molding process. Since the resin constituting the resin molded one-piece pressure vessel simultaneously form internal sealing member structures no additional seal members are required to be positioned and mounted. The first and second half shells are shaped such that the necessary refrigerant passages for the valve unit are defined in communication with connection holes of the pressure vessel.

Abstract: An apparatus for cleaning a rotating cylindrical wastewater screen of the type formed of tubular perforate wedgewire.

Abstract: According to the method for heating the paving screed of a road finisher, said paving screed including a heating means with several heat elements being supplied with electric power from a rotary current generator and being switched on and off by means of a control device, at least two of said heating elements are switched on and switched off periodically and alternatingly in dependence from the operation temperature of said generator and/or the operation temperature of paving screed components contacting paving material. Said heating means comprises in its control device a microprocessor management section with a program for alternatingly switching between heating elements in cycles under consideration of a predetermined combination of operational parameters.

Abstract: An access box for one or more optic fibers in a tensioned cable has a structural section that integrates the passing cable and has a central connection system area demarcated by two connection bases to which there are connected a plurality of cleaved optic fibers. The connection system area has a plurality of mini-cables providing for the shuffling of the cleaved optic fibers and/or a plurality of branching cables providing for the branch connection of the cleaved optic fibers. A box of this kind can be used for the shuffling and/or branch connection of a plurality of optic fibers on a tensioned cable, when the cable is being laid or subsequently.

Abstract: Systems and methods using a spectrometer system for real-time automatic evaluation of tissue injury are described. A method of assessing an injury to tissue comprises reflecting an electromagnetic signal from the tissue to produce a reflected electromagnetic signal; producing spectral data pertaining to the intensities of individual wavelengths of the reflected electromagnetic signal; analyzing the spectral data to obtain a set of results; and providing an indication of the nature of the injury to the tissue based upon the set of results.

Abstract: A metal-ceramic composite substitute is produced by joining a metal plate to a ceramic substrate by using a brazing material in a paste form prepared by adding 10-14 parts by weight of a vehicle to 100 parts by weight of a powder of which the solid centent comprises 90.0˜99.5% of an Ag powder, 0˜9.5% of a Cu powder and 0.5˜4.0% of an active metal powder, and 0.0˜0.9% of a titanium oxide powder if necessary.

Abstract: In a capacity control apparatus of a variable capacity compressor 10 a chamber 30 between a valve seat 26 and diaphragm 24 communicates with a pressure control chamber 12 of the compressor 10. Said valve seat 26 communicates outside said chamber 30 with an inhalation chamber 3 of said compressor. A valve element 25 which is pressure balanced in relation to the pressure Pc in pressure control chamber 12 is axially moveable within said chamber 30. The pressure effective areas of said valve seat 26 and of a diaphragm 24 co-acting with said valve element 25 are formed with equal sizes. Due to the relatively small diaphragm size a small sized and cheap solenoid can be used for the actuation of valve element 25. The cross-section area of valve seat 26 is relatively big and prevents a delayed control response behavior of the capacity control apparatus.

Abstract: In a main valve having a solenoid pilot operated valve, a movable core and a hollow plunger are movably received in a sleeve extending from a pressure control chamber through an electromagnetic coil. The plunger is structurally separated from a main valve member. A shaft is slidably received in the plunger. One end of the shaft carries a pilot valve member. A spring engages at the plunger and the shaft such that the free end of the shaft projects a predetermined length beyond an end face of the plunger. As long as the coil is deenergized, the spring separates the pilot valve member from a pilot valve seat. As soon as the coil is energized, the plunger is attracted to the core, the shaft is displaced in relation to the plunger, and the pilot valve member projecting from the lower end of the plunger closes the pilot valve seat. Due to the developing pressure difference, the main valve is closed and kept in a closed state.

Abstract: A method of operating a probe-based instrument comprises placing a probe of the probe-based instrument in an operative state in which the probe interacts with a heated sample, measuring a parameter of probe operation indicative of a characteristic of the heated sample, and during the measuring step, maintaining interaction between the probe and the heated sample that is substantially free of influences caused by condensation on the probe. The maintaining step includes heating the probe to a temperature at which the measured parameter of probe operation is substantially free of influences caused by condensation on the probe. Heating the probe reduces or eliminates the formation of condensation on the probe from water or materials that have evaporated from the heated sample. The invention is especially useful in connection with atomic force microscopes and other probe-based instruments.