Abstract: An overbased metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted sulphurised or non-sulphurised phenol, a calixarene having a substituent hydroxyl group or groups available for reaction with metal base or a linear phenol/formaldehyde resin wherein the metal moiety comprises a first metallic component which is at least one alkaline earth metal and a second metallic component which is at least one of either (i) at least one alkali metal or (ii) at least one metal selected from Groups IIIa, IVa, Va, VIa, VIIa and VIII of either the first or the second transition series of the Periodic Table of the Elements, the weight ratio of the first metal component to the second metal component being in the range from 1000:1 to 2:1.

Abstract: Slide switches include an electrically insulated support housing having opposing pairs of side walls which establish an interior space. An upper wall is joined to an upper edge of the opposing pairs of side walls to close an upper end of the interior space and defines an opening in communication with the interior cavity. An electrically insulated slide body which is slidably disposed within the interior space of the support housing so as to be movable reciprocally between at least first and second positions therewithin. The slide body also defines a cavity and has a knob which projects through the opening defined in the upper wall of the support housing to allow movement of the slide body between the first and second positions. At least one pair of elongate conductors are fixed to the support housing such that the at least one pair of fixed elongate conductors extend parallel to one another but are positioned in spaced relationship transversely relative to the reciprocal movement of the slide body.

Abstract: A method of growing in vapor phase a semiconductor crystal layer supplies a reaction gas to a portion above the surface of a heated substrate so as to be parallel or obliquely to the substrate, and uses a transparent blow tube widened toward its blow port like a funnel to blow a pressing gas, which is inert with respect to the reaction gas, toward the substrate, thereby bringing the reaction gas into contact with the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: Novel fluid flow field plates for use in a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell include in a major surface thereof, multiple continuous open-faced fluid flow channels each of which traverses the central area of the plate surface in a serpentine manner. Each of the channels has a fluid inlet at one end and a fluid outlet at the other end which are directly connected to common fluid supply and exhaust openings, respectively, defined in the plate.

Abstract: Polyester molding compositions include an effective amount of a triazine-based antioxidant and a benzophenone ultraviolet light absorber sufficient to achieve a clor difference, as calculated in CIELab units under illuminant "D-65" according to ASTM Standard D-2244, of less than about 10,0, when exposed in a Xenon arc weather-ometer operated according to SAE J1885 for 315 Kj/sq.m. The triazine-based antioxidant is of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a phenolic group attached to the triazine ring via a C1 to C5 alkyl or an ester substituent. Preferably, the triazine-based antioxidant is 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamic acid triester with 1,3,5-tris-(2-hydroxyethyl)-s-triazine-2,4,6-(1H, 3H, 5H) trione. The benzophenone UV-absorber is of the general formula: ##STR2## where R' is hydrogen or an alkyl radical.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating fibre material containing liquid, comprising two rotating drums (2, 3), an endless driven belt (17) pervious to liquid and gas and extending between and passing around the surfaces (8, 9) of the drums, a feeding device (10) for the supply and a discharging device (13) for the removal of the fibre material, at least one container for collecting liquid, the liquid being displaced from the fibre material through the endless driven belt (17), a continuous wall (18) impervious to liquid and gas and extending along a main part of and at a distance from the belt (17) from the feeding device (10) to the discharging device (13) in such a manenr that a continuous space (19) is defined for the fibre material between said wall (18) and the belt (17), and at least a part of the space (19), seen in the direction of movement of the belt (17), forms one or more treating zones where liquid is displaced from the fibre web through the movable belt (17) to one or more containers.

Abstract: A door and a ceramic handle or knob assembly are disclosed. The ceramic handle has a socket extending from a rear end wall and into the body of the handle. A plastics insert is received in the socket, so that the handle may be secured to the door, either by means of a conventional spindle or by means of a threaded bolt, passing through a hole in the door.

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit includes cascaded asynchronous sequential logic circuits. Scanning shift registers are provided between the asynchronous sequential circuits to permit test data to be applied to the inputs of the circuits and to latch and shift out output data provided by the circuits in response to the test data. Additional gating circuitry is provided between the scanning shift registers and the inputs of the asynchronous sequential circuits to prevent new data latched into the scanning shift register from causing the asynchronous sequential circuit connected to the scanning shift register output from changing state during testing. This same additional circuitry may be used to provide pulses of controlled width and/or timing to asynchronous sequential circuit inputs in response to externally generated gating control signals.

Abstract: A method of heat treating cold rolled steel strapping comprising rapidly heating the strapping to the dual phase temperature range at a rate of the order of 100.degree. C. per second, with little or more soaking, and rapidly cooling the strapping at a rate of the order of 1000.degree. C. per second to form a microstructure comprising a matrix of recovery annealed cold work ferrite containing martensite and carbides dispersed through the matrix. A heat treatment line for performing this method is described. A heat treated cold rolled steel strapping produced by the method is also described. The steel from which the strapping is made preferably has less than 0.2.degree. C. and includes Ti in the range 0.06 to 0.15% preferably about 0.08% and Nb in the range 0.02 to 0.05% preferably about 0.04%.

Abstract: A method of removing lignin from bleach plant effluents by using cellulose fibres. The method comprises an acidous phase during which sludge containing cellulose fibres is added to the acidous effluent, and an alkaline phase during which alkaline waste water is added to the effluent-sludge solution. A portion of the produced fraction containing fibres is recirculated to the acidous phase for reuse of the fibres.

Abstract: Disclosed is a solenoid having a central and a peripheral air gap between the armature and the pole piece. The energizating coil is located in the space between the central core and the peripheral portions of the pole piece and armature. In one embodiment, an output shaft is received in an aperture in the central core of the pole piece and connected to the armature. In preferred embodiments, a longitudinally and radially extending slot is provide to produced eddy current losses. Additionally, mass is removed from non-critical portions of the armature to reduce its weight and increase its acceleration during energization of the solenoid. By utilizing stepped changes in the pole piece and armatures, peripheral portions and central core portions as well as variations in the central and peripheral gaps, the force/distance curve of the solenoid can be tailored to the specific application.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for gasifying carbonaceous material in a circulating fluidized bed reactor having a lower reactor chamber and an upper reactor chamber interconnected by a throttled throat portion. Carbonaceous material is supplied to a first fluidized bed gasification zone maintained in the lower chamber and is gasified there by a gasifying agent and recycled hot particles separated from the product gas. The effluent from the first gasification zone is passed upwardly through the throttled throat portion to a second fluidized bed gasification zone of the spouting-bed type maintained in the upper chamber to complete gasification of unconverted carbon remaining in the particles entrained in the gaseous effluent from the first zone at a higher temperature than that of the first zone.

Abstract: A SAW device is formed by applying metallized areas (11) to a surface of a SAW substrate (10) and attaching conductive leads (18) to the metallized areas. The substrate is inverted and located on a hybrid circuit so that the leads (18) contact and are supported on conductive areas (30) of the circuit. This mounting arrangement minimizes the stresses which occur in the substrate in its operational life. A novel shape for the device is also disclosed.

Abstract: Graphite gaskets with an improved release characteristic are treated with a finely powdered release agent such a graphite powder which is then pressed into the gasket surface.

Abstract: The average color, and excursions outside predetermined acceptable color limits, of non-solid-shade fabrics, such as denim, can be determined utilizing a filter colorimeter, an A/D convertor, and computer. A swatch of fabric having a length greater than its width is continuously moved past the colorimeter, and is continuously sampled at the rate of at least about 100 readings per second until the length of the entire swatch has been sampled and analog signals have been generated for all readings. Analog signals are continuously passed from the colorimeter to the A/D convertor, and from the convertor as digital signals to storage in the computer. After sampling is completed the stored digital signals are analyzed. The voltage of the electric light source of the colorimeter is monitored to calibrate the digital signals depending on the voltage to the light source.

Abstract: A quadrature detection magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) RF coil is constructed from non-overlapping axially-extending conductors arrayed about the circumference of a cylinder in four circumferentially spaced-apart groupings. Axially-extending annular gaps in the fingers (e.g, at their mid-points) are bridged across by RF coupling capacitors. The outer ends of the fingers are also coupled by annular conductors having one or more conductive gaps bridged by coupling capacitance. First and second quadrature detection RF input/output ports are coupled to at least one respective finger element in each of two adjacent groups of elements.

Abstract: Effective separation of unwanted particles, such as tramp material, is effected from a paper pulp suspension (typically a medium consistency suspension, e.g. having a consistency between 5-15 percent). A generally annular opening is defined by a disc connected to a rotating shaft, and a ring stationarily mounted to a housing. The housing includes a pulp inlet, a pulp outlet, an inlet chamber, and an outlet chamber, with a separated-out particles outlet communicating with the inlet chamber, preferably extending downwardly from it. A rotating element having a plurality of generally radially extending projections, is also mounted on the shaft, adjacent the disc, and the projections cover the annular opening (radially spanning it) at spaced locations along its circumference. The projections may be teeth-like structures, or pegs, and preferably have their leading edges, viewed in the direction of rotation, sloping with respect to the radial direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for handling sheets or the like. The apparatus comprises a bridge structure displacable on rails, an upper carriage displaceable on the bridge structure in a direction perpendicular to the rails, vertical beams attached to the upper carriage, and a carriage displaceable on the vertical beams in the direction thereof. The carriage is provided with lifting forks for removing a sheet pack or the like from a shelf place. The carriage is further provided with a gripper frame for picking up a sheet or the like from the shelf place or the like. In order to provide a simple and reliable apparatus, the carriage is provided with arms pivotable around a horizontal axis from a first position above the lifting forks and essentially in parallel therewith to a second position, and vice versa.

Abstract: An optical fiber terminating device and a method of terminating optical fibers are shown. Fibres are secured in a receptacle which is formed by two parts joined together to form a precise "V" shaped groove having an internal angle of sixty degrees. The groove is arranged to receive a close packed array of small diameter juxtaposed fibers which are permanently fixed within the groove.

Abstract: An amino-formaldehyde moulding composition is made by compounding togetheran aqueous amino-formaldehyde resin solution to provide 0 to 90 percent by weight of the resin component of the composition, filler to make up 20 to 60 percent by weight of the moulding composition andUF resin which had a low degree of condensation, is solid at room temperature, contains a modifier and makes up 4 to 80 percent by weight of the moulding composition.The moulding compositions themselves are also claimed.