Abstract: A rail gun (10) comprising two spaced apart elongate co-extensive rail electrodes (11,12) having confronting surfaces which are of toothed cross-section configuration. Alternate tooth flanks (21) have the outlets of a plurality of nozzles (24) located therein. The nozzles (24) direct helium into the gap (14) between the rail electrodes (11,12). The helium provides electrode (11,12) cooling as well as providing less resistance to armature (15) acceleration than would be the case with air.