Abstract: A digital odometer having a mechanical memory in the form of an encoder supplies binary data to a logic control and memory which may be a microprocessor. Both total distance and trip distance are stored in memories in the logic control and memory and are supplied to digital displays.

Abstract: An electronic control for electrically operated brakes utilizing solid state electronic components to control the braking mechanism in a towed vehicle. A transducer develops a control signal corresponding to the braking effort desired, and may be actuated by the hydraulic brake system of the towing vehicle or, alternately, may be actuated from the brake foot pedal itself or from a manual control. Power is applied to the brakes as a pulsating voltage, the pulse width of which is varied in response to the control signal. The pulse width is decreased with increasing currents to limit the power in the circuit when a short occurs in the towed vehicle brake circuit. The electronic control also may be used in other applications.

Abstract: An improved electromagnet assembly is disclosed for use in electrically actuated drum brakes. The electromagnet assembly has a cup shaped stamped metal housing. A center pole is mounted in a central opening in the housing which has stepped edges so as to alternately engage the center pole and form arcuate gaps about the center pole. A flux washer is positioned on the center pole to bridge the gaps for increasing the efficiency of the electromagnet. A solenoid winding is positioned within the opening defined by the housing, the flux washer and the center pole and the opening is closed with a friction material.

Abstract: An improved dual polarity substitution circuit for energizing a secondary load, such as an incandescent lamp, upon failure of a primary load. Dual polarity is achieved through the use of parallel PNP and NPN transistors, one of which conducts so long as the primary load is functional. Upon failure of the primary load and interruption of current flow in the conducting one of the transistors, a bidirectional switch such as a triac is fired to energize the secondary load.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved armature for a four pole wave wound direct current machine and also to a method for winding the armature for such a machine. A plural turn winding is free formed or wound in place to substantially a final shape with two ends spaced for connection to commutator segments spaced substantially 180.degree. apart on the armature and with at least four sides defining at least two open turns. The winding sides are spaced for engaging slots in the armature core which are spaced substantially 90.degree. apart. The winding is initially free formed and the turns are separated as necessary to insert the winding on the core and to position the winding sides in their assigned slots in the armature core.