Abstract: The position of a working point relative to a working space, such as a working point of a carriage on a gantry beam of an XY positioning table, is determined by measuring at least two sets of displacements. A first set of displacements, of the working point relative to an intermediate component, such as the gantry beam, includes a relatively large displacement (X) in a first linear degree of freedom and relatively small displacements (Y1?, Y2?), in at least two of the five degrees of freedom other than the first. The second set of displacements, of the intermediate component relative to the working space, includes a relatively large displacement (Y1, Y2), in a second linear degree of freedom, and relatively small displacements (X1?, X2?), in at least two of the five degrees of freedom other than the second.

Abstract: An antipinch circuit prevents the motor driven closure of an automotive window if a soft obstacle is compressed between the window and the top of the door frame, and the window is opened in response to the sensing of the obstacle. The circuit measures the motor torque (by measuring motor current) and the motor shaft speed (by measuring motor back EMF). The torque and motor speed are compared to “signatures” of these values in the case of the window closing normally against the top of the door frame, or against an obstacle, and either stopping or reversing the motor rotation accordingly.

Abstract: A dental abrasive blasting or jet apparatus is provided with an interconnected handpiece having a nozzle arrangement which is supplied with a dental powder as stored in a powder reservoir and delivered under pressure by a gaseous carrier medium via a powder supply line together with a fluid that is supplied via a separate fluid supply line. The apparatus is provided with a separate fluid receptacle or bottle which is filled with a flushing or rinsing liquid for being selectively supplied to the nozzle arrangement of the handpiece via a branch line having a change-over directional valve downstream of a suction pump for supplying the flushing or rinsing liquid to the portion of the fluid supply line that is directly connected with the handpiece.

Abstract: A lead-free electrically conductive paste which can be fired at low temperature and has excellent wettability to a solder, as well as a glass substrate having a circuit suitable for producing an automobile window having an antifogging property. The electrically conductive paste comprises an electrically conductive component, glass frit and a vehicle, wherein B--Bi--O or B--Si--Bi--O glass frit is used as the glass frit. A circuit is formed on a glass substrate by use of the electrically conductive paste to thereby provide an automobile window having an antifogging property.

Abstract: An implant piece, designed for dental osseointegration implants, is made of a biocompatible material, such as titanium, and includes a body of a generally cylindrical shape, with a smooth segment with a free end that is rounded and with a threaded cylindrical segment that follows the cylindrical segment and that ends with a short cylindrical section on which the corresponding polygonal head of the implant is established. The entire length defined by both of the segments is provided with double-ruled grooves preferably equidistant from each other in its periphery. The grooves may be of uniform section or may be truncated cones. Wedges may be disposed in the grooves. The piece constitutes a mixed implant which may be placed in the patient by a simple surgical technique without perforating the sinus mucous.

Abstract: An inductance-capacitance (LC) composite component comprising a body obtained by monolithically sintering a capacitor portion having a layered structure consisting of a dielectric ceramic layer and an electrode layer with an inductor portion having a layered structure consisting of a magnetic ceramic layer and an electrode layer, wherein at least one of said dielectric ceramic layer and said magnetic layer contains a glass having a softening point of 800.degree. C. or lower, and said dielectric ceramic layer and said magnetic layer are monolithically sintered at a temperature of 1,000.degree. C. or lower. The LC composite component is free from generation of cracks and degradation in characteristics, and is thereby highly reliable.

Abstract: On a substrate, a lower pole is formed being embedded in a protective film on which a gap layer is formed. On this gap layer, a first upper pole is formed facing the lower pole. A protective film is formed coplanar to the upper surface of the first upper pole. On this protective film, a coil made of a plurality of coil layers is formed being embedded in an insulating film. On the insulating film, an upper core layer is formed whose tip portion constitutes a second upper pole stacked upon the first upper pole and magnetically coupled thereto. The first upper pole formed before the coil is formed and the second upper pole formed after the coil is formed, constitute an upper pole.

Abstract: A pollutant removing stack device includes a stack body having a lower reactor section which is divided by a partition into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. A first set of spraying units is disposed in the lower chamber. A second set of spraying units is disposed the upper chamber. A stack gas inlet is connected to the lower chamber of the lower reactor section for entrance of a stack gas. An oxidant supplying unit is connected to the first set of spraying units in order to produce an oxidant mist in the lower chamber for oxidizing a nitrogen compound contained in the stack gas into nitrogen dioxide. An alkaline solution supplying unit is connected to the second set of spraying units in order to produce an alkaline mist in the upper chamber for removing nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide from the stack gas.

Abstract: A safety seal for sterilizable containers that is closed by the temperature prevailing in the sterilizer. The closed seal then indicates the integrity of the container. The sealing mechanism in the illustrated embodiment is a pushbutton 100 that is subject to the force of a spring 102. The spring is made of a memory-retaining alloy that provides tension at a temperature above a transition temperature and forces the pushbutton into a locking state. The container can be opened once the pushbutton has been forced back, but the pushbutton cannot be returned to its locking position until it attains the transition temperature again.

Abstract: In an arrangement for use in an electronic circuit controllably put into operation by a battery and for indicating a consumption status of the battery, a measuring circuit measures a total time interval of operation of the electronic circuit. A processing circuit processes the total time interval into a calculated status for the battery. An indicator indicates the consumption status based on the calculated status. The processing circuit may comprise a memory for memorizing various current rates which are used in the electronic circuit and on which an arithmetic circuit calculates the calculated status. Alternatively, first and second measuring circuits may be used with first and second current rates memorized in the memory for the first and the second measuring circuits. Instead of the measuring circuits, a summing circuit may be supplied with a succession of the current rates repeatedly read out of the memory to sum up a total amount of current consumed by the electric circuit.

Abstract: A PSK demodulator is disclosed. The demodulator includes a voltage controlled oscillator response to a control circuit in a frequency converter for converting an input PSK signal as a function of the output of the voltage controlled oscillator. A carrier recovery circuit recovers a carrier wave from the output of the frequency converter means and applies the recovered output to a band-pass filter. A phase detector detects the output of the frequency converter as a function of the output of the band-pass filter and provides a demodulated signal and function thereof. A phase comparator is provided for detecting the phase difference between the input and output signals of the band-pass filter and a low-pass filter responsive to the output of the phase comparator provides the control signal.

Abstract: A block (1) for use in supporting one end of an equestrian fence pole. Each face (2a,2a';2b,2b';2c,2c') of the block has a groove (3a,3a';3b,3b';3c,3c') for receiving one end of a pole. The three dimensions of the block (1) are all different so that a pole can be supported at three different heights.