Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and Q have a meaning as defined herein in the specification. The compounds of formula (I) are allosteric modulators of the A1 adenosine receptor and, thus, may be employed for the treatment of conditions mediated by the A1 adenosine receptor. Accordingly, the compounds of formula (I) may be employed for treatment of pain, in particular, chronic pain such as neuropathic pain; cardiac disease or disorder such as cardiac disarrhythmias, e.g., peroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, angina, myocardial infarction and stroke; neurological disease or injury; sleep disorder; epilepsy; and depression.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and Q have a meaning as defined herein in the specification. The compounds of formula (I) are allosteric modulators of the A1 adenosine receptor and, thus, may be employed for the treatment of conditions mediated by the A1 adenosine receptor. Accordingly, the compounds of formula (I) may be employed for treatment of pain, in particular, chronic pain such as neuropathic pain; cardiac disease or disorder such as cardiac disarrhythmias, e.g., peroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, angina, myocardial infarction and stroke; neurological disease or injury; sleep disorder; epilepsy; and depression.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of the formula which are adenosine A2B receptor antagonists and, thus, may be employed for the treatment of conditions and diseases mediated by the adenosine A2B receptor activity. Such conditions include, but are not limited to, chronic and acute inflammatory diseases involving degranulation of mast cells, e.g., asthma, allergic rhinitis and allergic dermatitis; impaired sensitivity to insulin, e.g., type 2 diabetes, pre-diabetic state, and impaired glucose tolerance; diseases in which angiogenesis is a key component of pathogenesis, e.g., solid tumors and angiogenic retinopathies; apnea of preterm infants; myocardial reperfusion injury; inflammatory bowel disease; autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and lupus erythematosis; diseases involving microvascular abnormalities of the retina that are mediated by adenosine A2B receptors, e.g.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of the formula wherein R1 and R2 have meaning as defined herein in the specification. The compounds of formula (I) are adenosine A2A receptor antagonists and, thus, may be employed for the treatment of conditions and diseases mediated by the adenosine A2A receptor activity. Such conditions include, but are not limited to, diseases of the central nervous system such as depression, cognitive function diseases and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, senile dementia as in Alzheimer's disease or psychoses and stroke. The compounds of the present invention may also be employed for the treatment of attention related disorders such as attention deficit disorder (ADD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), extra pyramidal syndrome, e.g.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of the formula wherein R1, R2, R3 and n have meaning as described in the specification, methods for their preparation, and pharmaceutical compositions containing them. The compounds of formula (I) are adenosine A2B receptor agonists and, thus, may be employed for the treatment of diseases in mammals that are mediated by the A2B receptor including, but not limited to, septic shock, cystic fibrosis, impotence, diarrhea, and cardiac diseases. Cardiac diseases include hyperplasia consequent to hypertension, arteriosclerosis, and heart attack. The present invention also provides methods for the induction of pharmacological stress to facilitate coronary imaging of areas of ischemia by employing compounds of formula (I). The compounds of formula (I) may be labeled, e.g., with radioactive isotopes, and therefore are useful in kinetic binding experiments.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of the formula wherein R1 and R2 have meaning as defined herein in the specification. The compounds of formula (I) are adenosine A2A receptor antagonists and, thus, may be employed for the treatment of conditions and diseases mediated by the adenosine A2A receptor activity. Such conditions include, but are not limited to, diseases of the central nervous system such as depression, cognitive function diseases and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, senile dementia as in Alzheimer's disease or psychoses and stroke. The compounds of the present invention may also be employed for the treatment of attention related disorders such as attention deficit disorder (ADD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), extra pyramidal syndrome, e.g.

Abstract: The compounds of the following formula: wherein Ar, R and R1 have the meanings given in the specification. This series of sulfonamido derivatives with a conserved uronamide group at the 5? position provide superior A3 receptor affinity as well as selectivity. These new adenosine agonists are sulfonamido derivatives N-substituted with aliphatic groups (cyclic or linear) or aromatic radicals.

Abstract: The compounds of the following formula: wherein R, R2, R3 and A have the meanings given in the specification, are endowed with selective A3 adenosine receptor antagonist activity. These compounds can be used in a pharmaceutical composition to treat disorders caused by excessive activation of the A3 receptor, or can be used in a diagnostic application to determine the relative binding of other compounds to the A3 receptor. The compounds can be labeled, for example with fluorescent or radiolabels, and the labels used in vivo or in vitro to determine the presence of tumor cells which possess a high concentration of adenosine A3 receptors.

Abstract: New fused thiophene compounds are provided and methods of using those compounds for a variety of therapeutic indications. Compounds of the invention are particularly useful for treatment of neuropathic pain.

Abstract: A class of novel antagonists for the adenosine A3 receptor are disclosed. These compounds are useful as therapeutic agents for a number of diseases and medical conditions that are mediated by the A3 receptor. The compounds of this invention are also useful as diagnostic agents for the A3 receptor.

Abstract: Provided is a method for the synthesis of an aralkyloxyadenosine or an alkoxyadenosine. The method includes protecting the hydroxyl sugar groups with a protecting group to produce a protected halogenated adenosine. The protected halogenated adenosine is alkoxylated, and the hydroxyl sugar groups of the protected halogenated adenosine are deprotected to provide the aralkyloxyadenosine or alkoxyadenosine.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to compounds of formula (I): wherein X is a five or six-membered heteroaromatic ring, containing one to four heteroatoms, selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, provided that at least one heteroatom is nitrogen; and G1 and G2 are independently CH or N. The present invention also relates to the preparation of the compounds, pharmaceutical formulations thereof, and their use in medicine as potent or selective A2B adenosine receptor antagonists and their uses for treating asthma, autoimmune diseases and retinal vascular diseases.

Abstract: The compounds of the following formula: wherein R, R2, R3 and A have the meanings given in the specification, are endowed with selective A3 adenosine receptor antagonist activity. These compounds can be used in a pharmaceutical composition to treat disorders caused by excessive activation of the A3 receptor, or can be used in a diagnostic application to determine the relative binding of other compounds to the A3 receptor. The compounds can be labeled, for example with fluorescent or radiolabels, and the labels used in vivo or in vitro to determine the presence of tumor cells which possess a high concentration of adenosine A3 receptors.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a compound of formula or a salt, especially a pharmaceutically acceptable salt with a base, thereof or a lactone thereof wherein the element represents —CH2—CH2— or —CH?CH— and R represents a cyclic radical.

Abstract: A method for preparing an alkali metal salt comprising: (a) condensing a disilyloxydiene with an aldehyde in the presence of a titanium (IV) catalyst in an inert solvent to form a 5(S)-hydroxy-3-ketoester; (b) reducing the 5(S)-hydroxy-3-ketoester to a 3(R),5(S)-dihydroxyester in the presence of a di(lower alkyl)methoxyborane; and (c) hydrolyzing the 3(R),5(S)-dihydroxyester in the presence of an aqueous base to form an alkali metal salt.

Abstract: Compounds of the present invention of the formula are thyromimetic agents which can be used to prevent and/or treat diseases associated with an imbalance of thyroid hormones, such as hypo- and hyper-thyroidism, obesity, osteoporosis and depression. The compounds of the invention are, in particular, hypolipedemic agents which enhance the clearance of cholesterol from circulation, particularly the clearance of cholesterol in the form of low density lipoproteins (LDL). The compounds are useful for reducing total cholesterol plasma levels in mammals, in particular for reducing levels of LDL-cholesterol. Furthermore, such compounds also lower elevated lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] levels, an independent cardiovascular risk factor, in mammals.

Abstract: A low temperature process for preparing an aromatic acid having formula (I), said process comprising reacting an aromatic aldehyde having formula (II) with a gas having an oxygen content of 1 to 100 weight percent, based on the total weight of the gas, at a temperature of about 20° C. to less than 100° C. in the presence of a supported Group VIII metal catalyst, and a solvent having a flash point greater than 95° C. and/or a melting point less than 55° C., provided that the flash point of the solvent is greater than the reaction temperature, wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a C1-C8 linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group. The process of the invention yields an aromatic acid in excellent yield, and (i) does not involve the use of deleterious oxidizing agents; (ii) is essentially free of by-products; and (iii) is accomplished at a temperature of less than 100° C.

Abstract: An accelerated process for preparing an O-methyl phenol comprising reacting a phenol with dimethyl carbonate in the presence of a catalyst selected from 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene; 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane; and dimethylaminopyridine. According to another aspect, the invention provides an accelerated process for preparing an N-methyl heteroaromatic compound comprising reacting an NH-containing heteroaromatic compound with dimethyl carbonate in the presence of a catalyst selected from 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene; 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane; and dimethylaminopyridine. According to an additional aspect, the invention provides an accelerated process for preparing a methylated aminophenol comprising reacting an aminophenol having at least one N—H with dimethyl carbonate in the presence of a catalyst selected from 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene; 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane; and dimethylaminopyridine.

Abstract: An accelerated process for preparing a methyl ester having formula (III) said process comprising reacting a carboxylic acid or salt thereof having formula (I) with dimethyl carbonate having formula (II) in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene; 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane; 4-dimethylaminopyridine; and combinations thereof, wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, benzocycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aralkyl, heterocyclic, heteroaralkyl, alkoxyalkyl, carboxyalkyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, and haloalkyl; and M is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a monovalent metal, and a monovalent fractional part of a polyvalent metal, wherein said process is conducted under microwave irradiation at a frequency from 300 MHz to 30 GHz, and at a temperature of from about 120° C. to 300° C.