Abstract: A device for use in turning a nut relative to a bolt includes a first elongated inflexible member having a first handle end and a first jaw end. A second elongated inflexible member includes elongated members are pivotably connected to each other. Each jaw is dimensioned to engage in combination substantially the entire peripheral surface of a nut, but less than the entire surface of the head of the nut such that the jaws ends can not touch each other when the jaws are separated by a nut.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to assess the compressibility, density, and hematocrit of blood including an optical ultrasound probe clipped onto tubing in which blood is flowing. The probe includes a combination of ultrasound transducers, a light emitting diode, and photodiodes. An indicator medium is injected into the bloodstream of the subject over one or more time points. Ultrasound waves are emitted by a transducer and received by another transducer, and a novel signal-processing unit and a computer with a novel computation scheme process the ultrasound signals to assess the phase shift of ultrasound as it transmitted across the blood stream. Based on the linear relationship between compressibility and density, changes in blood density are calculated from changes in phase shift. The optical part of the probe assesses the hematocrit of blood. Two fluid media are used to calibrate the probe on the relationship between phase shift and density in the factory.

Abstract: An equine saddletree has increased strength and minimal torquing due to the alternation of the multiple wood layers with layers of graphite. The interior graphite layers consist of at least one layer of woven graphite sheet material having a warp and fill and extending from the cantle to the pommel. The woven graphite sheet placement on the wood layer defines whether the wood layer is considered a parallel or an angled layer. The parallel and angled graphite layers are alternated to form the saddletree. Additionally, each of the graphite layers has at least one strip of graphite tape covering the pommel, approximately perpendicular to the sidebars. Strips of graphite tape extend diagonally, in alternating directions, along each length of both the first surface and the second surface to prevent torque. A second layer of graphite tape pommel strips is applied to both the first and second surfaces covering at least a portion of the pommel.

Abstract: The invention consists of several novel solutions to overcome specific problems currently encountered in propagating bamboo. The invention consists of these novel solutions both individually and in combination.

Abstract: The fuel filter assembly for filtering and removing water from a fuel under pressure includes an outerhousing, an inner sleeve member, an annular space between the outerhousing and the inner sleeve member, and filtering means for filtering the fuel. The filtering means is positioned within the sleeve member. The fuel inlet is at the upper end of the outer housing and provides fluid flow between the outer housing and the inner sleeve. The fuel inlet and annular space are positioned and dimensioned to provide a downward, non-circumferential, substantially laminar flow in the annular space. The inner sleeve member extends downwardly to a position below the bottom of the filtering means. The downwardly flowing fuel and contaminants must turn 180 degrees and flow upward through the filter media to the outlet. The slow moving denser components settle out in the accumulation chamber. The accumulation chamber is the region within the lower end of the outerhousing, below the filter media and the annular sleeve.

Abstract: A motion detector comprising a rotator member having at least one radially positioned member and being mounted for rotation from at least a first position to at least a second position; a detector member, preferably a Hall Effect sensor; and a magnet producing a magnetic field; wherein, the radially positioned member is characterized by altering the magnetic flux of the magnetic field when it moves into and out of proximity to the magnet; and wherein the detector member detects the alteration of the magnetic flux. The motion detector is preferably used to detect the speed, type, position, presence, and absence of a printer ribbon cartridge.