Abstract: There is provided an image decoding apparatus for decoding a coded image signal having an image identifier based on a data structure of the image signal. This apparatus comprises a data analyzer for analyzing the coded image signal with reference to the image identifier to decide whether the coded image signal is a coded arbitrary shape signal including both of coded shape bit streams obtained by coding a shape signal which represents the shape of each object as one of the components of a display image and coded pixel value bit streams obtained by coding a pixel value signal representing the gradation of the object, or a coded binary signal including only coded shape bit streams obtained by coding a shape signal representing a display image of binary information; a first decoder for decoding the coded shape bit streams by a first decoding process; and a second decoder for decoding the coded pixel value bit streams by a second decoding process.

Abstract: A Si—SiC material of Si concentration-gradient type is obtained by melt-infiltrating Si into a molded material comprising SiC particles. The Si—SiC material has a porosity of 1.0% or less and in the Si—SiC material the Si concentration decreases gradually from the surface layer towards the innermost layer. A SiC fiber-reinforced Si—SiC composite material of Si concentration-gradient type is obtained by melt-infiltrating Si into a molded material comprising a SiC fiber and SiC particles. The composite material has a porosity of 1.0% or less and in the composite material the Si concentration decreases gradually from the surface layer towards the innermost layer. These materials are significantly improved in corrosion resistance in highly oxidative and corrosive environment, strength, and healability of defects of surface layer and innermost layer.

Abstract: A printing method and a printing device are provided, whereby a uniform amount of solder can be coated, printing quality can be improved, variations in adjustment between operators are eliminated, adjustment time is shortened, and productivity can be improved. By keeping the amount of deformation of the end sections of a squeegee constant by maintaining a uniform state of contact between the squeegee and a stencil, there is no occurrence of such problems as unsatisfactory wiping away of a solder paste, which causes the solder paste to be left on the stencil, incomplete filling of the solder paste into the pattern opening, or an increase in the deformation of the end sections of the squeegee, causing solder paste filled into the pattern opening to be scraped away.

Abstract: The device uses the principle of the Doppler effect laser velocimeter. It comprises emitter and receiver optic guides formed by integrated optics techniques on a single substrate, preferably made of glass. The emitter guides, connected to a light source, produce two mutually coherent beams inclined with respect to one another in such a way as to constitute interference fringes in a measuring volume situated outside the substrate. The receiver guides transmit the light diffused by the passage of particles in movement through the measuring volume to a detection and processing circuit. The substrate is mounted in a support fixed in an orifice of a wall along which a fluid flows transporting the particles to be examined. The substrate comprises a face which comes into contact with the fluid. This device enables the velocity, size and/or number of particles in movement in a fluid moving along a wall to be determined.

Abstract: An outgoing light from a light source transmits a photo coupler, a single-fiber optical fiber array, an optical wave guide chip, a four-fiber optical fiber array and an optical fiber, and is reversed, and an outgoing light from another end of the photo coupler is received by a light receiving unit to roughly position the respective components. Thereafter, the four-fiber optical fiber array is positioned with respect to the optical wave guide chip in such a manner that the amount of light that reaches the light receiving unit becomes maximum. The adjustment of the optical axis is enabled with only a single light receiving unit without the use of plural expensive light receiving units, and the adjustment of the optical axis can be performed with ease in a short period of time.

Abstract: A method for stably producing metal beryllium pebbles each ranging from 0.1 to 1.8 mm in particle diameter and 0.05 to 0.6 mm in crystal grain average diameter. The metal beryllium pebbles obtained by the invention are excellent not only in tritium emission power but also in anti-swelling property, and are thus useful as a material for nuclear fusion reactors. The metal beryllium pebbles can also be advantageously employed for aerospace structural materials and the like, by utilizing their light weight and high melting point properties.

Abstract: In a method of controlling an exhaust gas system of an internal combustion engine including a nitrogen oxide reducing catalyst capable of adsorbing nitrogen oxide under a lean atmosphere and a nitrogen oxide sensor disposed downstream of the nitrogen oxide reducing catalyst, the nitrogen oxide reducing catalyst and the nitrogen oxide sensor are disposed in the exhaust gas system operated mainly under a lean condition, respectively. An output value of the nitrogen oxide sensor is compared with a predetermined value, and an operation condition of the internal combustion engine is temporarily changed into a stoichiometric condition or a rich condition, or a fuel is injected upstream of the nitrogen oxide reducing catalyst, so that the nitrogen oxide adsorbed to the nitrogen oxide reducing catalyst is detached or decomposed, and again the internal combustion engine is operated under the lean condition.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a joined-type semiconductor device having a gate structure. The semiconductor device includes a first and second semiconductor substrates each having a substrate body, and a first and a second main surfaces which are opposite to each other. A gate structure is formed in the first main surface of the first substrate. A highly-doped semiconductor layer is formed in the first main surface of the second substrate and has an impurity-concentration which is higher than that of the substrate body of the second substrate. The first main surfaces of the two substrates are joined with each other, by subjecting the two substrates to a heat treatment so that impurities in the highly-doped semiconductor layer of the second substrate are driven into the surface region of the first substrate, and a diffusion layer is thereby formed in the first main surface of the first substrate.

Abstract: A shape data compression method for image generation by three-dimensional computer graphics, including a first stage inputting a code number and a quantization precision for encoding a three-dimensional coordinate point sequence and a two-dimensional coordinate point sequence, and reading the coordinate point sequence data. A second stage includes mapping transformed point sequences in a one-dimensional space. A third stage calculates an initial apace division width based on quantization precision, divides the normal space into partial spaces and analyzes distribution of the transformed point sequences therein, decides a division width and calculates distribution of transformed point sequences in each partial space at the division width. A fourth stage obtains a mean value of coordinate values of transformed point sequences distributed in the partial space, and encodes them to produce a code book. A fifth stage generates code sequences for encoding the transformed point sequences according to the code book.

Abstract: A data transmission and reception system according to this invention comprises a transmitter for transmitting data by modulating transmit data and a receiver for receiving and demodulating a signal from the receiver, wherein the receiver includes a parallel resonator for receiving a PSK signal; a full rectification circuit for detecting output from the parallel resonator; a low pass filter for shaping the waveform of output from the full rectification circuit; and a comparator for converting output from the low pass filter into a binary-coded signal so that demodulated signals can be obtained from the output of the comparator.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for manufacturing a composite insulator which includes an FRP core rod covered by a sheath and provided with a plurality of sheds which are made of an electrically insulating polymeric material. The sheds are set on a support member arranged on a downstream side of an extruder. The extruder is fed with a core rod and extrudes a polymeric material to form a sheath on the core rod. The core rod with the sheath is moved toward the downstream side through an opening in the support member. The sheds are sequentially moved along the support member toward the downstream side and transferred onto predetermined locations on the sheath that have passed through the opening and have reached the downstream side. An assembly is thus formed which includes the core rod, sheath formed on the core rod, and sheds transferred onto the sheath. The assembly is then heated to vulcanize the sheath and adhere it to the core rod and the sheds.

Abstract: An image editing apparatus having an input for key frame information and a key frame storage means. A first interpolation control point calculates means for receiving information from key frame storage and calculates control points for curve interpolation. A key frame shape decision means receives the information from the storage means, decides the shape of a key frame, and outputs the information. A second interpolation control point calculates control points by a different method than the first interpolation. Curve interpolation means receive output from both interpolation means and replaces the first interpolation with the second, and performs the curve interpolation using the second replacement control points. Storage means receive the timing information and output an image to a display unit. Thus, the notion of the image is accelerated at the starting key frame and breaks the motion at an and key frame without adding manual key frames.

Abstract: A gas sensor for measuring a quantity of specific component in a measuring gas includes a main pump means which has an electrochemical pump cell. The electrochemical pump cell includes a solid electrolyte partition exposed to external space, an inner pump electrode and an outer pump electrode formed on the inner surface and outer surface of the solid electrolyte partition, respectively. The main pump means treats oxygen contained in the measuring gas introduced from the outer space by pumping processing on the basis of a control voltage applied between the inner pump electrode and the outer pump electrode. An RLC element which has a specific electric characteristic value corresponding to a characteristic value of the electrochemical pump cell is connected in parallel with the electrochemical pump cell.

Abstract: A sensor device adapted to detect at least one of a particle and a bubble in a fluid, includes a fluid nozzle defining a center of fluid flow; and a plurality of sensor elements for converting an impact of one of a particle and a bubble into an electrical signal, wherein a first sensor element is arranged closer to the center of fluid flow than a second sensor element. The sensor device includes a number of diaphragm sensor elements each having a sufficiently small mass for responding to a collision with the particle, and an apparatus for converting a vibration of the diaphragm portion into an electrical signal so as to detect the vibration. The multiple elements are arranged in the fluid flow stream such that different size particles will preferentially strike different elements.

Abstract: A particle sensor includes a sensor element comprising (a) a vibrating section having such a mass that is sensitive to the collision of solid particles contained in a fluid, with the vibrating section and (b) a detecting section for detecting the vibration of the vibrating section caused by said collision and converting the vibration to electric signals, a housing for fixing said sensor element, a fluid inlet, and a fluid outlet. The particle sensor has a characteristic structure of having a net at the upstream side of the sensor element in order to allow the fluid entering the particle sensor from the fluid inlet to pass through said net and then contact with the sensor element. With this particle sensor, the detection of the solid particles contained in a fluid also containing bubbles can be made at a higher accuracy because the vibration caused by the bubbles, containing the primary resonance vibration of the sensor element is decreased.

Abstract: A visual recognition apparatus of the invention can acquire an image exclusive of a background of a subject of image processing, thereby rendering the image of the subject fit for the image processing. More specifically, a mirror-surfaced collar covering a retainer has a specified configuration and a specified positional relationship with a lighting element and a camera such that a light from the lighting element toward the retainer is reflected by the mirror-surfaced collar for deviation from a light path to enter the camera.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for assembling cathode-ray tubes, which does not require a transfer device and which yields good operating efficiency at the time of switching between models. When a cathode-ray tube is inserted into a cabinet, a suction device is inserted through an opening in the front of the cabinet in an upright position and holds the front face of the cathode-ray tube in an upright position, the cathode-ray tube is moved to a fixing position in the cabinet by relative movement of the suction device and the cabinet, the cathode-ray tube is fixed to the cabinet from the rear side of the cabinet by means of a screw fastening device, and the suction device is released from the cathode-ray tube.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a soldering alloy composed mainly of Sn and free from lead which is a toxic substance. An addition of a small quantity of Ag to the soldering alloy can fine the alloy structure, minimize structural changes of the alloy and increase thermal fatigue resistance thereof. An addition of a small quantity of Bi to the soldering alloy lowers the melting point and improves the wettability thereof. Further, an addition of a small quantity of Cu restrains the growth of intermetallic compounds in the bonding interface between a copper land and the solder. Furthermore, an addition of a small quantity of In improves the elongation property and thermal fatigue resistance of the alloy.

Abstract: A first data storing and outputting apparatus includes a coding unit for coding data of a program through N coding processes and generating N sets of coded data of the program, N being a natural number more than one, a memory for storing the N sets of coded data of the program, and a reading and outputting circuit responsive to a request for selectively reading and outputting one of the N sets of coded data of the program from the memory.

Abstract: In a method for reproducing multimedia data recorded over plural optical disks, using an optical disk library unit having at least two, first and second, optical disk drives, multimedia data recorded in one of the optical disks is read and reproduced in the first optical disk drive and, during the reading and reproduction, the next optical disk is mounted in the second optical disk drive. Reading and reproduction of multimedia data recorded in the next optical disk mounted in the second optical disk drive are started immediately after the reading of the multimedia data recorded in the optical disk in the first optical disk drive is completed. Therefore, it is possible to continuously reproduce the multimedia data without interruption due to exchange of the optical disks.