Abstract: A method for the reproducible determination of the positions of structures (3) on a mask (2) is disclosed. A pellicle frame (30) is firmly attached to the mask (2). A theoretical model of the bending of the mask (2) with the firmly attached pellicle frame (30) is calculated, wherein material properties of the mask (2), of the pellicle frame (30), and of the attaching means between the pellicle frame (30) and the mask (2) are taken into account in the calculation of the bending of the mask (2). For the calculation of the bending of the mask (2) its contact with three support points is considered. The positions of the structures (3) on the mask (2) are measured with a metrology tool (1). The measured positions of each structure are corrected with the theoretical model of the bending of the mask at the position of the respectively measured structure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for processing a hard material, for example a hard biological material such as dental enamel or bone, with optical radiation. A treatment zone of the material is selectively cleaned of ablation products and other dirt to enhance processing efficiency, and a tip through which the optical radiation is applied to the treatment zone of the hard material is spaced slightly from the treatment zone during at least a portion of the time that hydrating fluid is being applied to the zone and/or while air or another gas is applied to the zone to clean the surface thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to aeronautical engineering, in particular to methods of flight due to creating of forces on air propellers, namely using thrust vectoring of direction and amount of force created by air propellers of opposite rotation with the axis, mainly in the direction of flight, in the expanded range of speeds, from 50 m/s to high near-sonic speed of flight. The invention may be applied for horizontal flight and maneuvering in flight on vertical take-off aircrafts using rotation of main rotors from the vertical stand of rotor axes during the take-off to almost horizontal position of rotor axes in horizontal flight, thus both the rotation of rotors and the change of position of an aircraft together with its rotors may be applied, and it may be also used in the horizontal take-off aircrafts with almost horizontal position of axes during the horizontal flight, including the planes with airscrew propellers.

Abstract: A locking mechanism (10) comprising a housing (16) and a shackle (14) having a first side (44) and a second side (46). The shackle (14) is slidable between a primary closed position in which the first and second sides (44 and 46) are each engaged with the housing (16) and a primary open position in which the first side (44) is engaged with the housing (16) and the second side (46) is free from the housing (16). A port (65) is provided in the housing (16) exposing a portion of the first side (44) of the shackle (14) in the primary closed position. Severing the shackle (14) through the port (65) allows the shackle (14) to move from the primary open position to a secondary open position, from which the shackle (14) can move back to a secondary closed position.

Abstract: Disclosed is an illumination system for an ophthalmic surgical microscope (10), including a light source (32) for emitting light along an illumination beam path (50) directed toward an eye (12) of a patient, and a measuring device (54, 62) for measuring a parameter of the patient's eye (12). The illumination system further includes an adjustable optical element (48) which allows the orientation of the illumination beam path (50) to be adjusted relative to an observation beam path (16L) of the surgical microscope (10) so as to obtain a red reflex, and a control device (60) which determines a red-reflex-optimized control parameter based on the measured parameter of the patient's eye (12) and adjusts the optical element (48) according to the red-reflex-optimized control parameter.

Abstract: An active imaging system for imaging a target is described. The system includes a transmitting unit, a receiving unit, an antenna arrangement coupled to the transmitting unit and/or the receiving unit via a front end unit, and an image processing unit coupled to the receiving unit. The system also includes a control system coupled to the transmitting unit, the receiving unit and/or the image processing unit for controlling operation thereof. The antenna arrangement includes at least one rotating antenna synthetically forming a circular antenna. The image processing unit is configured for creating an image of the object by employing a synthetic aperture radar imaging algorithm.

Abstract: The invention concerns the power systems utilizing renewable power sources, in particular, refers to the systems utilizing wind and solar energy and may be used for the independent power supply both in cold and hot climate. The independent energy supply system (IES) contains a wind generator setup for electric power production and a solar collector. The solar collector is connected with a heat storage. IES also includes an electric energy storage battery, inverter, and automatic control system for IES connected through the heat and electrical load sensors with actuating mechanisms. IES is also equipped with the stabilization system for rotor speed of the wind generator that includes a network regulator with a control unit for a resistive load, electric current sensors and rotor speed sensor. The resistive load is the system of thermal electric heaters (TEHs). The energy dissipated on TENs is to be accumulated in the heat storage.

Abstract: A high frequency radiation transceiver is presented. The transceiver comprises an electrodes' arrangement, comprising two or more electrodes, where two of said electrodes are accommodated in a spaced-apart relationship defining a cavity for free space propagation of electrons between them. One of said two electrodes is configured to be responsive to an external input optical signal to emit an electron flux towards the other electrode. Said two or more electrodes are configured to define first and second electrode portions, the first portion having at least a region thereof exposed to said electron flux and operable as an antenna feeding port causing an electric current in said second portion and the second portion being configured and operable as an antenna radiating portion.

Abstract: A method and system are presented for use in determining a patient's heart condition. First and second data are provided, where the first data is indicative of the patient's heart rate, and the second data is indicative of bioimpedance peak value during a cardiac cycle. A relation between a certain predetermined value and a product of the first and said second data is determined, where such relation is indicative of the patient's left ventricular condition, enabling to identify a left ventricular dysfunction.

Abstract: The invention relates to electrical network communications engineering and can be used in systems for automatic data collection from electric, heat, water, gas meters etc. The technical result is significant simplification of the interior structure of slave units increased noise stability of a system. This result is achieved by using zero crossing points of the fundamental harmonic of system supply line voltage as character synchronization events.

Abstract: The strontium-rubidium infusion system has a container with eluent, a strontium-rubidium generator with a filter and pressure sensor, an eluate infusion unit, which are connected via a transporting system having pipes and two three-way valves, radioactivity measuring means and a control and operating unit. An eluent container is connected to a syringe pump via the first and second ports of the first three-way valve, the first port of the second three-way valve is connected with pipes via the second filter to the eluate infusion unit, the second port is connected to a waste receptacle. The third and fourth three-way valves, the first and second air bubbles detectors are connected to the control and operating unit connected with a computer. The third three-way valve is connected with its first and second ports via pipes to the third port of the first three-way valve and the input of the generator, respectively.

Abstract: A method for fabrication of substrate having a nano-scale surface roughness is presented. The method comprises: patterning a surface of a substrate to create an array of spaced-apart regions of a light sensitive material; applying a controllable etching to the patterned surface, said controllable etching being of a predetermined duration selected so as to form a pattern with nano-scale features; and removing the light sensitive material, thereby creating a structure with the nano-scale surface roughness. Silanizing such nano-scale roughness surface with hydrophobic molecules results in the creation of super-hydrophobic properties characterized by both a large contact angle and a large tilting angle. Also, deposition of a photo-active material on the nano-scale roughness surface results in a photocathode with enhanced photoemission yield. This method also provides for fabrication of a photocathode insensitive to polarization of incident light.

Abstract: A cleaning vessel (10) comprising a main chamber (12) into which can be inserted a part (34) for cleaning and one or more secondary chambers (14). An opening (30) is provided in the main chamber (12) associated with each secondary chamber (14) such that the main chamber (12) is in fluid communication with each secondary chamber (14). Rotation of the part (34) causes rotational flow of fluid in the main chamber (12) and each opening (30) is oriented such that material entrained in the rotating fluid passes from the main chamber (12) into the associated secondary chamber (14).

Abstract: A method for making a shrink pack (1) is disclosed wherein pre-cut films (10, 11) of a shrinkable film (3) are cut off diagonally to a longitudinal direction (30) of the film (3). The pre-cut films (10, 11) are wrapped in each case about at least two articles (2). The pre-cut films (10, 11) are shrinked onto the wrapped articles (2) to form a shrink pack (1) in each case. The film (3) is cut before the shrink-on process and before the cutting off into pre-cut films (10, 11) respectively into at least two film webs (4, 5, 6, 7) along the longitudinal direction (30). Then, at least two adjacent film webs (4, 5, 6, 7) are brought together at their adjacent sides (14, 15, 16, 17) in longitudinal direction (30) such that they form an overlap (9) with a width (31) at the adjacent sides (14, 15, 16, 17). A shrink pack (1) is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system comprising a heat source to provide heat at the desired temperature and energy field (e.g. a solar concentrator); an electron source configured and operable to emit electrons; an electric field generator generating an electric field adapted to supply energy sufficient to dissociate gas molecules; and a reaction gas chamber configured and operable to cause interaction between the electrons with the molecules, such that the electrons dissociate the molecules to product compound and ions via dissociative electrons attachment (DEA) within the chamber.

Abstract: A method for determining the positions of structures (3) on a mask (2) is disclosed. The method is implemented in a metrology tool (1) comprising a measurement table (20) which is movable in X-coordinate direction and Y-coordinate direction. A first intensity profile (IX) is recorded along a first measurement direction (MRX), which is parallel to the X-coordinate direction. A second intensity profile (IY) is recorded along a second measurement direction (MRY), which is parallel to the Y-coordinate direction. A two-dimensional position of a centre of gravity (S) with respect to the coordinate system of the metrology tool (1) is determined from the first intensity profile (IX) and the second intensity profile (IY).