Abstract: A method of analyzing a plurality of code segments to determine the similar static and dynamic features of the code segments compares the static and dynamic features of each of the code segments. Each code segment is comprised of one or more lines of program instructions. One or more predetermined static attributes are extracted from each code segment. Each code segment is then run so that the dynamic attributes of the code segment can be determined. The dynamic attributes are extracted from each code segment and a distance function is computed which is based on the extracted static and dynamic attributes for a given pair of code segments. The distance function produces a distance measurement which indicates the relative degree of similarity between the given pair of code segments.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, a high density z-direction interconnection medium is made by the steps of providing a non-conductive membrane having z-direction channels, filling the channels with liquid precursor of conductive material, converting the trapped precursor into conductive material within the channels, and, advantageously, forming solder bumps in contact with the conductive material in the channels. The method is particularly useful for forming hollow tubular or porous conductive pathways having enhanced resistance to thermal and mechanical stress.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, a field emission device is provided with an improved pillar structure comprising multi-layer pillars. The pillars have a geometric structure that traps most secondary electrons and an exposed surface that reduces the number of secondary electrons. Processing and assembly methods permit low-cost manufacturing of high breakdown-voltage devices, including flat panel displays.

Abstract: An apparatus for creating an illusion of eye contact in a video telephony system includes a video camera and a display screen. The video camera is aligned with the display screen so the viewer's image is transmitted by the video camera with the illusion of eye contact. The display screen has an array of lenses defining part of a first optical path, for transmitting to a video camera a viewer's image. An array of regions interspersed among the array of lenses defines part of a second optical path, for directing to the viewer, displayed images. The array of lenses and the array of regions are each too small to be separately resolvable by the human eye, so that the lenses do not interfere with the perceived quality of the transmitted viewer's image, and the transparent regions do not deteriorate noticeably the video display images projected to the viewer.

Abstract: The present inventors have discovered how to make continuous films of single-phase crystalline .beta.-C.sub.3 N.sub.4 using microwave plasma chemical vapor transport. The films are hard, translucent nanocrystalline films useful for protecting a substrate.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, a field emission device is provided with an improved pillar structure comprising multi-layer pillars. The pillars have a geometric structure that traps most secondary electrons and an exposed surface that reduces the number of secondary electrons. Processing and assembly methods permit low-cost manufacturing of high breakdown-voltage devices, including flat panel displays.

Abstract: An updatable, interrogation system is provided for interrogating portable data cards. The interrogation system sequentially communicates with each portable data card as it comes within communication range in a first time period for determining a unique identification number associated with each data card. Once the identification number for a card is obtained by the interrogation system, a predetermined transaction, such as deactivating an electronic barrier to entering a limited access area, for the holder of the identified card is initiated. The interrogation system then completes each predetermined transaction of reading from and writing data to each one of the cards while communicating in a second time period. The present invention also discloses an interrogation system where a locking command is transmitted to the portable data card, which is subsequently disabled by a lock reset command issued by the interrogator in response to completion of the predetermined transaction.

Abstract: Pb-free solder alloys based on the Sn-In-Zn system (exemplarily 86:5:9 weight %) are disclosed. Compositions can have a melting temperature in the range 183.degree. C..+-.10.degree. C. and thus can be readily substituted for conventional 40 Pb-60 Sn solder. The novel compositions also can possess superior mechanical properties, compared to the 40/60 Pb-Sn composition, and readily wets copper. Bi and/or Sb may be added to the Sn-In-Zn base to reduce the tendency for the formation of lower temperature phases.

Abstract: A modem, capable of simultaneously coupling voice and data signals, connects local digital terminal equipment (DTE) and a local telephone to a communications link. To prevent the local DTE from responding to a communications containing only voice signals, the local DTE is notified of an incoming communication only after detection of calling tone signals on the communications link. Such signals indicate a remote DTE desires to establish a data communications path with the local DTE. This operation advantageously prevents the modem from transmitting an annoying answer tone to a calling party.