Abstract: A balloon dilatation catheter has a relatively strong proximal tube made of a material such as for example metal hypotubing. The distal end of the catheter includes an inflatable medical device or balloon, an inflation lumen and a guidewire lumen. A transition assembly or stiffening member is positioned between the proximal tube and the distal end section, providing for a flexible transition between the two components of diverse stiffness, namely the proximal tube and the flexible distal end portion. A proximal end of the stiffening member may float within a distal end of the proximal tube but the stiffening member distal end is affixed near its distal end to the shaft. The dilatation catheter may have a rapid exchange configuration, and is generally used in conjunction with a guiding catheter. During a procedure when the catheters are within the vascular system, the portion of the dilatation catheter near the transition readily follows curved portions of the inserted guiding catheter.

Abstract: A preferred embodiment of a stent provides a folded strut section that provides both structural rigidity and reduction in foreshortening of the stent mechanism. A flexible section provides flexibility for delivery of the stent mechanism. In a second embodiment, flexible section columns are angled with respect to each other, and to the longitudinal axis of the stent. These relatively flexible sections are oppositely phased in order to negate any torsion along their length. In yet another embodiment, the flexible connector can take on an undulating shape (like an “N”), but such that the longitudinal axis of the connector is not parallel with the longitudinal axis of the stent. Finally, a new method is disclosed for making stents. The method consists of performing a standard photochemical machining process of cutting, cleaning and coating the tube with a photoresist.

Abstract: A stent is made flexible along its length. The stent initially starts as a metal sheet. It is rolled in its central region to a specified wall thickness. Thereafter, the stent is photochemically etched to produce the desired cell pattern of the design of the stent. Then, the stent is folded and the metal is joined to give rise to a stent with multiple wall thickness. For instance, larger wall thicknesses at the end of the stent versus smaller wall thicknesses at its center. Various other possible manufacturing methods are useful with respect to this stent.

Abstract: A stent with axial flexibility, in a preferred embodiment, has a longitudinal axis and comprises a plurality of longitudinally disposed bands, wherein each band defines a generally continuous wave along a line segment parallel to the longitudinal axis. A plurality of links maintains the bands in a tubular structure. In a further embodiment of the invention, each longitudinally disposed band of the stent is connected, at a plurality of periodic locations, by a short circumferential link to an adjacent band. Further, a pair of bifurcated stents is disclosed.

Abstract: A preferred embodiment of a stent provides a folded strut section that provides both structural rigidity and reduction in foreshortening of the stent mechanism. A flexible section provides flexibility for delivery of the stent mechanism. In a second embodiment, flexible section columns are angled with respect to each other, and to the longitudinal axis of the stent. These relatively flexible sections are oppositely phased in order to negate any torsion along their length. In yet another embodiment, the flexible connector can take on an undulating shape (like an “N”), but such that the longitudinal axis of the connector is not parallel with the longitudinal axis of the stent. Finally, a new method is disclosed for making stents. The method consists of performing a standard photochemical machining process of cutting, cleaning and coating the tube with a photoresist.

Abstract: A stent is positioned on an undersized mandrel and the stent is coated with an excess of a polymer and drug solution. The stent is rotated to spin off the excess of the coating. The stent is then moved into a new, clean position on the mandrel. The process is repeated a few times, after which time the coating is already dry and non-sticky. This process forms a conforming coating. Various important polymer solution parameters include viscosity, solvent evaporation rate and several others. The actual type of coating polymer is not as important as how the surface of the stent is treated, according to the steps described herein.

Abstract: A preferred embodiment of a stent provides a folded strut section that provides both structural rigidity and reduction in foreshortening of the stent mechanism. A flexible section provides flexibility for delivery of the stent mechanism. In a second embodiment, flexible section columns are angled with respect to each other, and to the longitudinal axis of the stent. These relatively flexible sections are oppositely phased in order to negate any torsion along their length. In yet another embodiment, the flexible connector can take on an undulating shape (like an “N”), but such that the longitudinal axis of the connector is not parallel with the longitudinal axis of the stent. Finally, a new method is disclosed for making stents. The method consists of performing a standard photochemical machining process of cutting, cleaning and coating the tube with a photoresist.

Abstract: Disclosed is a stent having improved characteristics of its structural design and improved radiopacity characteristics. Specifically, the present invention is a stent that has circumferential sets of strut members at the ends of the stent and central sets of strut members that are longitudinally placed between the end sets of strut members. Optimal radiopacity is achieved when the end sets of strut members are more radiopaque as compared to the radiopacity of the central sets of strut members. Also disclosed is the concept of adjusting the strut width of the curved sections of the end and central sets of strut members so that equal strain in all curved sections is achieved as the stent is expanded even though the diagonals sections of the end sets of strut members are shorter than the diagonal sections of the central sets of strut members.

Abstract: A integral vascular filter system comprising a guidewire and an integral filter which can be used to capture embolic particulates during medical procedures, while allowing for continuous perfusion of blood, with minimal incremental blood flow turbulence. The vascular filter system addresses the clinical problem of minimizing profile or diameter, so as to enable or facilitate the crossing of a lesion or obstruction in the vessel, while also minimizing incremental blood flow turbulence which may result in thrombus formation.

Abstract: An emboli extraction catheter and vascular filter system comprising a guidewire, a vascular filter attached near the distal end of the guidewire, and an emboli extraction catheter. The vascular filter has a smaller first diameter for insertion into the lumen of a vessel, and a second larger diameter for expanding to substantially equal the diameter of the lumen and to be placed in generally sealing relationship with the lumen. The emboli extraction catheter is a flexible catheter comprising a hub attached to the proximal end of the catheter. The hub further comprises a sideport and means for maintaining a seal on the guidewire. The emboli extraction catheter can be used to aspirate embolic particulates, so as to avoid their accidental release after they are captured in a vascular filter, and can also be used to empty full vascular filters of embolic particulates which may block distal flow.

Abstract: Delivery of rapamycin locally, particularly from intravascular stent, directly from micropores in the stent body or mixed or bound to a polymer coating applied on stent, to inhibit neointimal tissue proliferation and thereby prevent restenosis. This invention also facilitates the performance of the stent in inhibiting restenosis.

Abstract: A removable vascular filter system for blocking micro- and macro-emboli while allowing the continued perfusion of blood comprises a filter membrane positioned on a guidewire, wherein a free end of the membrane sits tightly against the guidewire when the filter membrane is in a collapsed state and wherein the filter has a device for deploying the filter membrane to assume a position substantially normal to the longitudinal axis of the guidewire. The filter membrane is comprised of a fine mesh material which has a pore size capable of blocking emboli while allowing continued blood flow, a preferred embodiment of which comprises regularly spaced, laser-formed holes, and in which the membrane has a scalloped proximal profile. A capture mechanism is similarly described.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of stent placement which comprises first guiding a guidewire through the vasculature. Second, a balloon catheter which contains two guidewire lumens is strung along the guidewire into position at the bifurcation. The distal opening of the second guidewire lumen abuts the proximal end of the bifurcation. Thereafter, a second guidewire is strung through the first balloon catheter and out the distal opening of the second guidewire lumen. Thus, resident in the second bifurcation leg is the second guidewire. Then, a second standard stent delivery balloon catheter is guided along the second guidewire to a position within the bifurcation. Typically, expansion of both stents can be done one right after the other after proper placement of the first and second balloons.

Abstract: A removable, variable-diameter vascular filter system comprising a guidewire and a filter which can be used to capture embolic particulates during medical procedures, while allowing for continuous perfusion of blood. The removable, variable-diameter vascular filter system allows the operator to vary the diameter of the filter, so that a single device can be used to capture embolic particulates in vessels with different lumenal diameters.

Abstract: This reagent strip is comprised of a testing portion which contains an absorbent cotton pad. This absorbent cotton pad may be placed in the mouth on the tongue to collect an oral fluid sample. A plastic frame surrounds the pad to help hold the fluid thereon. This testing strip contains at its opposite end a sealing mechanism for sealing engagement with a preservative pouch, and an oversized handle with a patient identifying mechanism. The preservative pouch of the present invention contains a pair of seals. The first seal, located proximally to the user, enables a preservative which is maintained within the pouch to be sealed during shipment of the pouch to the user. Thereafter, the user punctures the first seal upon placement of the reagent pad into the pouch. The sealing mechanism contained on the reagent pad then seals at the opening in the pouch to maintain the reagent pad in sealing arrangement within the pouch. At its distal end, the pouch contains a second sealing mechanism.

Abstract: A removable vascular filter system for blocking micro- and macro-emboli while allowing the continued perfusion of blood comprises a filter membrane positioned on a guidewire, wherein a free end of the membrane sits tightly against the guidewire when the filter membrane is in a collapsed state and wherein the filter has a means for deploying the filter membrane to assume a position substantially normal to the longitudinal axis of the guidewire. The filter membrane is comprised of a fine mesh material which has a pore size capable of blocking emboli while allowing continued blood flow, a preferred embodiment of which comprises regularly spaced, laser-formed holes.

Abstract: A stent is made flexible along its length. The stent initially starts as a metal sheet. It is rolled in its central region to a specified wall thickness. Thereafter, the stent is photochemically etched to produce the desired cell pattern of the design of the stent. Then, the stent is folded and the metal is joined to give rise to a stent with multiple wall thickness. For instance, larger wall thicknesses at the end of the stent versus smaller wall thicknesses at its center. Various other possible manufacturing methods are useful with respect to this stent.

Abstract: An ultra-thin distal sheath section of the sheathed system uses heat shrinkable elastomer tubing with a wall thickness that is less than 0.05 mm and may be less than 0.025 mm. There are two methods for securing the ultra-thin distal sheath section over the distal tip. A first method is to employ another thin tube shrunk down over the distal end of the ultra-thin distal sheath. It is also envisioned that simply shrinking the ultra-thin distal sheath section down on the tapered section of the distal tip will hold it securely. A monorail (rapid exchange) version of this stent delivery system is also envisioned. A second version uses radioopaque elastic bands mounted over the ends of the balloon just proximal and just distal to the stent to provide a low profile for a primary stent delivery system. These radioopaque elastic bands could contain a high-density material such as tungsten to make them radioopaque and eliminate the need for radioopaque markers normally attached to the angioplasty balloon inner shaft.

Abstract: The present invention includes: an expandable, tubular shaped prosthesis having first and second ends and a wall surface disposed between the first and second ends, the wall surface being formed by a plurality of intersecting elongate members; and a catheter, having an expandable, inflatable portion associated therewith and including means for mounting and retaining the expandable tubular shaped prosthesis on the expandable, inflatable portion, whereby upon inflation of the expandable, inflatable portion of the catheter, the prosthesis is formed radially outwardly into contact with the body passageway. The articulation in the form of a rounded wire frame loop connects similar stent bodies. Also, rounded open connectors and shortened cells in the stent allow for greater flexibility.

Abstract: A method of reconstructing a map of a volume, including determining coordinates of a plurality of locations on a surface of the volume having a configuration, generating a grid of points defining a reconstruction surface in 3D space in proximity to the determined locations, for each of the points on the grid, defining a respective vector, dependent on a displacement between one or more of the points on the grid and one or more of the locations, and adjusting the reconstruction surface by moving substantially each of the points on the grid responsive to the respective vector, so that the reconstruction surface is deformed to resemble the configuration of the surface.