Abstract: The drive system drives a brushhead at a driving frequency. The drive system includes a frequency modulation system which changes. the driving frequency about a center frequency in such a manner, with selected frequency deviation and modulation frequency, which interacts with the resonance of the brushhead to produce a change of amplitude in the movement of the brushhead within a range of 5-30%.

Abstract: Luggage or carrying container (1) having an interface (10) for cooperating with one or more electronic and/or wireless devices (20, 22, 24, 26, 28), a rechargeable power source (30), an integrated antenna (40), and a wireless communication system (50). The luggage (1) allows a user to better manage various electronic devices/accessories in terms of space, efficiency and operation during travel.

Abstract: A semiconductor device (100) comprising a semiconductor substrate (20) and a functional element (31), such as a microstrip, an inductor, a coupler or the like, is provided. Herein the functional element (31) is—at least partially—present in a conductive patterned layer that is mechanically embedded in isolating material (40) and that is connected to the substrate (20) through connection means. In this way, electrical losses through the substrate (20) are substantially reduced. The device (100) is provided in that a foil comprising the patterned layer and a carrier layer is applied to the substrate (20), after which the space between them is filled with the isolating material (40) and the carrier layer is removed.

Abstract: Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems are candidates for higher data rate wireless communication systems. Currently, for a single input single output (SISO) 1802.11a system can provide a transmission data rate up to 54 Mbps. The present invention is a 2 by 2 Multiple In Multiple Out (MIMO) system having a decoding apparatus that increases the data rate to over 100 Mbps but at a computation cost about the same as for optimal decoding for a SISO system and 1/64 of the optimal decoding for a 2 by 2 MIMO system. At a bit error rate (BER) of 10-4 level, the 2 by 2 MIMO system of the present invention provides double the transmission data rate of the SISO system with approximately the same signal to noise ratio (SNR).

Abstract: A telecommunication system uses at least one dual mode channel capable of supporting variable-rate real-time data (e.g. speech) and non-real-time packet data. The packet data is queued in a buffer and transmitted when the data rate of the real-time data stream is less than the full data capacity of the channel.

Abstract: Aryl-substituted poly-p-arylenevinylenes comprising a repeating unit of the formula (C1), in which one or more of the unsubstituted aromatic carbon atoms may be replaced by nitrogen atoms, —OCm and —OCn are alkoxy groups, m and n are integers from 2 to 6 with m+n=8, p is 0, 1, 2 or 3 and in which R is CN, Cl, F, CF3, NO2, or SO3Z wherein Z is a monovalent cation such as Na+, or in which R is —XR1 wherein the unit —X— represents a single bond, —O—, —S—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —SO—, —SO2—, —N(R2)— or —N(R2)CO—, and wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different and constitute a straight-chain branched or cyclic C1-C20 alkyl group or together an C1-C20 alkylene group, in which C1-C20 alkyl or C1-C20 alkylene group one or more hydrogens are optionally substituted by F or a C4-C12 aryl group and/or one or more non-adjacent —CH2— units are optionally substituted by C4-C12 arylene, —O—, —S—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —SO—, —SO2—, —N(R3)— or —N(R3)CO— where R3 is C1-C20 alkyl, or in which R is a C4-C12 aryl group which may o

Abstract: A communication system comprises a downlink data channel for the transmission of data packets from a primary station to a secondary station and uplink and downlink control channels. The secondary station measures one or more characteristics of the data channel and issues a report to the primary station, which determines an operational parameter of the data channel in response to the report. The secondary station determines average channel characteristics over a measurement period. The length of the measurement period may be signalled by the primary station or determined directly by the secondary station. In one embodiment the selected period depends on the speed (V) of the secondary station. This is determined (604) by either station and tested to determine (606) whether it is outside the range for the current measurement period: if it is the period is reset (608).

Abstract: According to one example embodiment, a communication system includes a transmitter and a receiver for receiving symbols from a phase-shift shift keying modulation. The system also includes estimation means for estimating a frequency error relating to a symbol based on a sequence of symbol phases. The receiver includes calculation means for calculating a phase sequence, called an initial sequence, based on decisions made on symbols. The receiver also includes means for detecting and correcting phase jumps in this initial sequence in order to supply a phase sequence, called a final sequence, to the frequency error estimation means.

Abstract: A radio communication system comprises a communication channel for the transmission of data packets from a primary station (100) to a secondary station (110). In response to receipt of a data packet, the secondary station transmits an acknowledgement signal to the primary station indicating the status of the received data packet. The signal is selected from a set of at least two available signal types (for example positive and negative acknowledgements, ACK and NACK), and the power at which it is transmitted depends on the type of the signal. In one embodiment NACKs are transmitted at a higher power than ACKs, thereby reducing the chance of the primary station misinterpreting a NACK as an ACK. In another embodiment a REVERT signal is used to request retransmission of a previous packet. The REVERT signal may be identical to the NACK signal but transmitted at a higher power.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display comprises a pixel which has a pixel volume comprising a reservoir volume and an image volume. Particles which have different colors and different electrophoretic mobilities are present in the pixel volume. An amount of the particles present in the image volume determines a visible color of the pixel. Select electrodes generate in the reservoir volume a select electric field which separates the particles in different sub-volumes in the reservoir volume. Fill electrodes generate a fill electric field to move the particles from the different sub-volumes into the image volume.

Abstract: The display panel (21) comprises a light guide (2), a second plate (4) and a movable element (3) between both plates for locally decoupling light out of the light guide (2). Voltages, applied to electrodes (5,6 resp. 25), associated with the light guide (2), the second plate (4) and the movable element (3), locally bring the movable element (3) into 5 contact with the light guide plate (2) or the second plate (4). If, between the light guide (2) and the first electrodes (5) a layer (51) is present with a second refractive index being smaller than the first refractive index of the light guide (2), and the light guide (2) is positioned between the first electrodes (5) and the movable element (3), absorption of the light transported through the light guide plate (2) is reduced, providing a display panel (21) with 10 improved power efficiency.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing nanowires (104) is provided, according to which method the nanowires are prepared by anodic etching a semiconductor substrate (10) with an alternating current density, so as to create first regions (4) and second regions (5) with different diameters. Thereafter, the diameters are reduced by preferably repeated oxidation and etching. Finally, the nanowires (104) are dispersed in a dispersion by ultrasonic vibration, through which the coupled nanowires split into individual nanowires of substantially uniform length. The nanowires may then be provided with a surface layer of a suitable material, for instance a luminescent material.

Abstract: Physical barriers (210) are present between neighboring pixels (200) on a circuit substrate (100) of an active-matrix display device, such as an electroluminescent display formed with LEDs (25) of organic semiconductor materials. The invention forms at least parts of the barriers (210) with metal or other electrically-conductive material (240) that is insulated (40) from the LEDs but connected to the circuitry (4, 5, 6, 9, 140, 150, 160, T1, T2, Tm, Tg, Ch etc.) within the substrate (100). This conductive barrier material (240) may back up or replace, for example, matrix addressing lines (150) and/or form an additional component either within the pixel array or outside. The additional component comprising the conductive barrier material (240) is advantageously a capacitor (Ch), or an inductor (L) or transformer (W), or even an aerial.

Abstract: The invention relates to a semiconductor device (10) comprising a semiconductor element (1), particularly a solid-state image sensor (1), comprising a semiconductor body (11) of which one surface comprises an optically active part (1A) and an optically inactive part (1B) within which electrical connection regions (2) of the optoelectronic semiconductor element (1) are present, while a body (3) is present above the optically active area (1A) of the surface of the semiconductor body (11) comprising an optical component (3B). According to the invention the body (3) comprises an optically transparent foil (3) which is present on the optically active part (1A) of the surface of the semiconductor body (11) and which is attached thereto with an optically transparent adhesive layer (4) and in which the optical component (3B) is formed. The device (10) is very stable, compact and easy to manufacture, that is to say in batches.

Abstract: The electronic device (100) comprises a semiconductor element (1) (e.g. a transistor), an encapsulation (5) and an electrically conductive layer (3) with a first and a second contact pad (11,12), used as signal pads, and a third contact pad (13) used as ground pads. Due to the shape of the contact pads (11,12,13), the spacing (200) is continuous, with a small entrance in between of the first and second contact pads (11,12). Consequently, the parasitic inductance is reduced and the device (100) is suitable for use at frequencies below and above 30 GHz, particularly up to 40 GHz.

Abstract: An invention for providing information to a GPS device by selecting location-specific information stored on a memory medium incorporated in the GPS device, or received by the GPS device from location-specific information broadcast by GPS satellites. The stored or broadcast location-specific information includes a GPS-advice type and a GPS-advice range. The CPU of the GPS device compares a computed or user-input GPS device location with the GPS-advice range included in the stored or broad-cast location-specific information, and outputs the location-specific information to the GPS device if the GPS device location falls within the GPS-advice range included in the stored or broadcast location-specific information or advertising. The stored or broad-cast location-specific information may also be searched and output by user input of any location or GPS-advice type. The stored or transmitted information may be advertising.

Abstract: An electric iron having a housing (1) and a soleplate (2) in which at least one outlet opening (10;15;34;45) is provided, means (8;19;28;39;43) for generating a fine liquid spray or foam or steam, and means (5) for delivering said generated fine liquid spray or foam or steam through said outlet opening. According to the invention, the iron is provided with detection means (12,14;22,23;35,36;49) for detecting the presence of a surface (7a) in the proximity of the sloplate (2) and for generating a detection signal in response to said detection, and with control means (6) for controlling the delivery of said fine liquid spray or foam or steam in response of said detection signal. For example, the detection means comprise a movable spring-loaded contact element (12) located in the soleplate (2), said element (12) activating a switch (14) for generating said signal when the soleplate is positioned against said surface (7a) and thus depresses said element (12).

Abstract: Transmitters comprising detectors (32) for detecting packet data to be transmitted are provided with selectors (34) for in response to detection results of real-time requirements selecting first coding schemes and first modulation schemes like convolutional codes and adaptive orthogonal frequency division modulation schemes and for in response to non-real-time requirements selecting second coding schemes and second modulation schemes like turbo codes and orthogonal frequency division modulation schemes, to transmit with increased efficiency. Further detection results comprise target bit error rates and/or a payload bit rates, and further detectors (33) detect channel conditions. A processor system (20) runs adaptive algorithms for evaluating a maximum available bit rate in dependence of said channel conditions and/or margin adaptive algorithms for computing a bit loading in dependence of an actual bit rate.

Abstract: A substrate (1) having a first groove (4) is provided with a plurality of protrusions (3) on the first groove (4). These protrusions (4) can have a top with an apex angle of 30 to 150 degrees and results in a controlled breaking of the substrate (1) and a minimum of loss due to deviations of the crack initiated at the protrusion (4).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sensor device for sensing an image of an object, wherein a detection means (14) for detecting radiation received from the object is supported by a light-emitting semiconductor means (12) for emitting radiation towards said object during a predetermined operation period of the detection means (14). The detection means (14) can be operated even at low light intensity conditions and at a low power consumption. The detection means (14) may be a two-side illuminated detection means, wherein one side is supported by the light-emitting semiconductor means (12) and the other side is a back-etched side with increased sensitivity. A cheap and very small multi-purpose camera or sensor module can thereby be provided.