Abstract: The present invention provides a waterborne coating composition which includes a polymeric film-forming resin. The polymeric film-forming resin includes a dispersion of polymeric microparticles prepared by forming, in aqueous medium, a mixture of: (a) an unsaturated, substantially hydrophobic polyester component, and (b) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer component. With various hydrophobic polyesters, the ethylenically unsaturated monomer component of the polymeric film-forming resin includes: (a) an acrylamide or methacrylamide with N-methylol or N-alkoxymethyl functionality, (b) an alpha-beta ethylenically unsaturated compound with carboxyl functionality, and (c) an alpha-beta ethylenically unsaturated compound with no additional reactive functionality. Such a waterborne coating composition has a low V.O.C., provides added stiffness, does not block, and can be applied in such a manner that it does not substantially mask the texture of the nonwoven fabrics and/or textiles over which it is applied.

Abstract: The invention provides a two-part urethane topcoat essentially including a polyol component, an isocyanate component and a hydroxy functional, polyether-modified polysiloxane copolymer component. The polysiloxane copolymer component has a molecular weight ranging from between about 1,000 to about 10,000; and is typically present in an amount ranging from between about 0.001 to about 10 weight percent. The equivalent weight (i.e., a ratio of the molecular weight of the polymer to one functional group) ratio of the --NCO molecule to the --OH molecule ranges from between about 1.0 to about 2.0. The top coat coating prepared in accordance with the present invention has an improved the abrasion resistance, mar resistance and detergent resistance.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a primer composition having a volatile organic content (V.O.C.) less than about 1.5. A pigmented or clear topcoat may be applied over this primer composition. The primer composition includes a substantially solvent-free urethane dispersion and a substantially solvent-free acrylic. The solvent-free urethane component and the solvent-free acrylic component could contain as much as 15 weight percent of a solvent as long as the combined solvent content of these two components is such that the V.O.C. of the resulting primer is less than about 1.5. The amount of the solvent-free urethane component present in the low V.O.C. primer prepared in accordance with the present invention ranges from between about 10 to about 90 weight percent, while the amount of the solvent-free acrylic component ranges from between about 90 to about 10 weight percent. The solvent-free urethane component has a tensile strength which ranges from between about 4,000 to about 9,000 psi.

Abstract: An anionic electrocoating composition is provided including an electrodepositable .beta.-hydroxyalkylamide curing agent and an electrodepositable polymer capable of crosslinking with the curing agent. This curing agent includes an organic radical that (a) contains from 8 to 60 carbon atoms; (b) is derived from a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical; and (c) is bonded to n .beta.-hydroxyalkylamide groups, wherein n is an integer from 1 to 4, to form ##STR1## where R.sup.1 can be H or a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic group containing up to 6 carbon atoms;where R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 can be the same or different and can be H or a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic, alicyclic, or aromatic group containing up to 36 carbon atoms;where R.sup.4 can be H or a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group containing up to 8 carbon atoms when n is an integer form 2 to 4, and a .beta.

Abstract: An aqueous two-component polyisocyanate coating composition is based on an essentially isocyanate-free emulsifier that comprises the reaction product of:(i) an isocyanate and(ii) a member selected from the group consisting of: hydroxy functional polyalkyl ethers containing at least five ethylene oxide, alcohols different from said polyalkyl ethers, amine compounds, and combinations thereof. The hydroxy functional polyalkyl ether is provided in a quantity sufficient to react at least one equivalent of isocyanate groups in polyisocyanate (i), and the total amounts of reactants (ii) are sufficient to react all of the isocyanate groups of the polyisocyanate (i).

Abstract: Photoreactive compounds are synthesized from 2,5- or 2,6-dinitrobenzyl groups. Also disclosed are methods of synthesizing reactive monomers containing 2,5- or 2,6-dinitrobenzyl groups.

Abstract: Disclosed is a multilayer packaging material which is suitable for use as a container for malt beverages and which is tinted so as to block at least 90% of light with wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation ranging from 300 nm to 500 nm. The tinted multilayer packaging materials of the present invention includes: (a) at least one layer of a carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2)-permeable polymeric packaging material, and (b) at least one layer of a CO.sub.2 -treated gas barrier coating, which has an oxygen permeability constant not more than 0.05 cubic centimeter-mil/100 square inches/atmosphere/day. The CO.sub.2 -permeable packaging material can be any polymeric material through which CO.sub.2 can pass and which can be used as a packaging material for food or beverages. The gas barrier coating has an oxygen permeability constant, before CO.sub.2 treatment, of less than 0.3. This gas barrier coating includes the reaction product of a polyamine (A) and a polyepoxide (B).

Abstract: Improved application latitude, including blister resistance, has been found attainable using a coating formulation that includes a water dispersible resin comprising the addition copolymerization reaction product of vinyl monomers including an acid group containing monomer, an N-(alkoxymethyl)acrylamide or N-(alkoxymethyl)methacrylamide monomer, and at least one other vinyl monomer, the reaction being carried out in the presence of a solvent including a polyol, wherein the OH groups of polyol molecule are of unequal reactivity. The copolymer may be blended with an amine modified epoxy resin to form a coating composition particularly suitable for application onto metal surfaces such as can stock.

Abstract: This invention provides an improved electrodepositable photoimageable resist composition which includes a photosensitive composition and a microgel. The photosensitive composition can be either a negative-acting or a positive-acting photoresist. Moreover, with regard to each of these, the photoresist component can be either cationic or anionic. The microgel includes a plurality of crosslinked organic particles which can form a stable aqueous dispersion. Moreover, the microgel is present in an amount ranging from between about 0.1 to about 30 weight percent. These weight percentages are based upon the total weight of the resin solids in the photoimageable resist composition. At these concentrations, the microgels promote edge coverage, but do not significantly reduce the photosensitivity and developability properties of the photosensitive composition with which they are combined.

Abstract: A polymeric surfactant comprises the reaction product of ethylentcally unsaturated monomers at least 40 percent by weight of which are acid group containing monomers, including a combination of both acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, at least a portion of the acid groups being neutralized by a base. Also disclosed is an aqueous acrylic latex made by polymerizing a second polymer from ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of said polymeric surfactant, whereby the latex comprises polymeric particles containing two polymers. The latex may be used to advantage in very low V.O.C. coatings that may be spray applied.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for electrostatically applying a coating composition onto dielectric materials which have a dielectric constant less than 4.0. In this process, a positive charge is induced onto a coating composition. The dielectric material is electrically isolated, negatively charge, or both. The positively-charged coating composition is sprayed onto the dielectric material. If the dielectric material is charged negatively, the process of the present invention further includes the step of maintaining at least a portion of the negative charge on the dielectric material while positively-charged coating particles are being sprayed thereon.

Abstract: Pressurizable thermoplastic containers, such as those made from polyethylene terephthalate containing a polyurethane layer on the exterior surface thereof are disclosed. The polyurethane layer which is typically applied by a coating process provides the bottle with resistance to stress cracking. The containers are useful as refillable bottles for carbonated beverages which have a tendency to stress crack.

Abstract: An electrodepositable photoresist composition comprising an aqueous dispersion of: (a) a water-dispersible neutralized cationic polymeric material having a pendant unsaturation, (b) a nonionic unsaturated material and (c) a photoinitiator; characterized in that it can form smooth, thin and pinhole free coatings and further characterized in that the film is capable of being selectively insolubilized by patterned radiation exposure such that the unexposed portion of the film is soluble in dilute aqueous acid and the exposed portion is insoluble in said aqueous acid.

Abstract: Polyepoxide-polyamine gas barrier coatings for use on packaging materials such as polymeric containers are provided with low permeability at relatively low amine to epoxy cure ratios by including substantial aryloxy or aryloate group content. The aryloxy or aryloate content may be provided, for example, by polyglycidyl ether of resorcinol or polyglycidyl ester of phthalic acid.

Abstract: Photoreactive compounds are synthesized from 2,5- or 2,6-dintrobenzyl groups. Also disclosed are methods of synthesizing reactive monomers containing 2,5- or 2,6-dintrobenzyl groups.

Abstract: An electrodepositable photoresist composition comprising an aqueous dispersion of: (a) a water-dispersible neutralized cationic polymeric material having a pendant unsaturation, (b) a nonionic unsaturated material and (c) a photoinitiator; characterized in that it can form smooth, thin and pinhole free coatings and further characterized in that the film is capable of being selectively insolubilized by patterned radiation exposure such that the unexposed portion of the film is soluble in dilute aqueous acid and the exposed portion is insoluble in said aqueous acid.

Abstract: Very low gloss finishes are attained in pigmented, radiation curable coatings by inclusion of a combination of photoinitiators having an acylphosphine oxide photoinitiator and a second photoinitiator such as an acetophenone derivative. In the method of producing the low gloss finishes, the coating is first exposed to ionizing radiation (e.g., electron beam) in air, then exposed to actinic radiation (ultraviolet light) in an essentially inert atmosphere. The low gloss is achieved by a fine, uniform surface wrinkling effect.

Abstract: Barrier materials for reducing the permeability of plastic packaging materials are provided, characterized as containing at least about seven percent by weight amine nitrogen, or a total of at least about 17 percent amine nitrogen plus hydroxyl groups. The barrier materials exhibit oxygen permeability of less than about 1.5 cc-mil/100 in.sup.2 -day-atmosphere and a carbon dioxide permeability of less than about 15 cc-mil/100 in.sup.2 -day-atmosphere at 23.degree. C. and zero percent relative humidity. The barrier material can be formed from polyepoxide and polyamine. Optionally the polyamine may comprise prereacted polymeric resin formed from a polyepoxide and a polyamine. Multilayer packaging materials and multilayer containers including the polyamine-polyepoxide barrier material are part of the invention.

Abstract: Substituted polycarboxylic acids or substituted anhydrides as acidifying agents stabilize a waterborne polyester from saponification, provided: (a) the acidification is carried out to an extent sufficient to provide an acid number of at least 40 milligrams KOH per gram of polyester resin; and (b) the substitution on the polycarboxylic acid or anhydride is either an alkenyl group having at least four carbon atoms or a cyclic group in which the ring is not aromatic. The relatively high acid number renders the polyester dispersible in water without the need to rely on surfactants.

Abstract: Barrier materials for reducing the permeability of plastic packaging materials are provided, characterized as containing at least about seven percent by weight amine nitrogen, or a total of at least about 17 percent amine nitrogen plus hydroxyl groups. The barrier materials exhibit oxygen permeability of less than about 1.5 cc-mil/100 in.sup.2 -day-atmosphere and a carbon dioxide permeability of less than about 15 cc-mil/100 in.sup.2 -day-atmosphere at 23.degree. C. and zero percent relative humidity. The barrier material is formed from a polyepoxide, a polyamine and an alkanolamine. Optionally the polyamine may comprise prereacted polymeric resin formed from a polyepoxide and a polyamine. Multilayer packaging materials and multilayer containers including the polyamine-polyepoxide barrier material are part of the invention.