Abstract: The disclosure provides a process of modifying a seed based fiber (SBF) to form an enhanced fiber additive (EFA). The process includes an acid treatment step and optionally at least one fiber modification step. Preferred EFA products and uses are described.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a process of modifying a seed based fiber (SBF) to form an enhanced fiber additive (EFA). The process includes an acid treatment step and optionally at least one fiber modification step. Preferred EFA products and uses are described.

Abstract: Resistance-repellent and multidrug resistant retroviral protease inhibitors are provided. Pharmaceutical composition comprising such compounds, and methods of using such compounds to treat HIV infections in mammals, are also provided.

Abstract: Method and system for executing a software application in a virtual environment includes a file system hook operatively interposed between a file system manager and a file system driver of the local computer, the file system hook configured to detect a file system call corresponding to a target program and to perform one or more procedures, and an agent procedure executing on the local computer to configure the file system hook for executing the target program. Also provided is a token file corresponding to the target program, the token file including file system overlay information for the target program. The one or more procedures may include accessing data at a server terminal operatively coupled to the local computer via a data network, or at a locally connected CD-ROM drive. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for detecting DNA sequences, particularly single nucleotide polymorphisms, using a pair of nucleotide sequences, a primer and a snp detection sequence, where the snp detection sequence binds downstream from the primer to the target DNA in the direction of primer extension. The snp detection sequence is characterized by having a nucleotide complementary to the snp and adjacent nucleotides complementary to adjacent nucleotides in the target and an electrophoretic tag bonded to the 5′-nucleotide. The pair of sequences is combined with the target DNA under primer extension conditions, where the polymerase has 5′-3′ exonuclease activity. When the snp is present, the electrophoretic tag is released and can be detected by electrophoresis as indicative of the presence of the snp in the target DNA. The sequence containing the snp is exemplary of DNA sequences of interest generally.