Abstract: A sealant system comprising as a first component a mercaptan-terminated polythioether of the formulaHS[ (RS).sub.n R.sup.1 S].sub.m (RS).sub.n Hwhere R is propylene or trimethylene or mixtures thereof, R.sup.1 may be propylene or mixture of propylene and a substituted cyclohexane radical of the formula ##STR1## wherein the substituted cyclohexane radical is present at about 0.1 to about 3 mole percent of the total moles of R, n is 1 to about 10 and m is 1 to about 200; a filler such as calcium carbonate; a plasticizer selected from the group consisting of chlorinated methylstearate or a phthalate ester or mixtures thereof; an adhesion additive selected from gamma-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane and gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane; and a cure accelerator, selected from the group, tetraethylthiuram disulfide, tetramethylthiuram disulfide, para-quinone dioxime, and tri(dimethylamino)phenol and mixtures thereof, and as a second component, manganese dioxide or lead dioxide.

Abstract: New compounds are disclosed of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R' is phenyl, lower alkenyl and halogen substituted and unsubstituted lower alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, m is an integer from 1-2 wherein when m is 2, R is alkoxy of 1-8 carbon atoms and when m is 1, R is alkylene dioxy of 2-8 carbon atoms. The compounds of this invention are useful as flame retardant agents for textile materials and in the production of polymers and copolymers which possess flame retardant properties.

Abstract: A novel electrolytic cell of the vertical electrode type comprising a novel cathode busbar structure, novel cathode elements and a novel anode base structure which enable the novel electrolytic cell to be designed to operate at high current capacities upward to about 500,000 amperes while maintaining high operating efficiencies. These high current capacities provide for high production capacities which result in high production rates for given cell room floor areas and reduce capital investment and operating costs.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing a friction particle results when a thermosettable resin is crosslinked in liquid suspension, producing a friction particle which is insoluble, infusible, has good friction stability and good braking fade resistance, and has a narrow particle size range. Also disclosed is a novel polyester friction particle prepared according to the above process or according to a conventional process.

Abstract: A friction element which has good friction stability and good braking fade resistance contains friction particles which are insoluble, infusible, and have narrow size range, and are prepared from a crosslinked thermosettable resin in liquid suspension. Also disclosed is a friction particle prepared according to the above process or according to a conventional process.

Abstract: There is provided a method for preparing phosphorus compounds wherein phosphorus vapor containing P.sub.2 molecules is condensed at a temperature below the solidification point of red phosphorus and the resulting solid is then reacted with a phosphorus-reactive material. When the phosphorus-reactive material is water at an elevated temperature, phosphine is produced.

Abstract: A process for the chlorination of toluene comprises reacting toluene with chlorine in the presence of a catalyst system comprising a Lewis acid catalyst and a co-catalyst selected from the group consisting of diphenyl selenide and aluminum selenide. The monochlorotoluene product obtained is characterized by a substantially reduced ratio of orthochlorotoluene to parachlorotoluene.

Abstract: Highly fire retardant unsaturated polyester resins which exhibit low burning rates, low smoke generation and beneficial char formation in the presence of a flame are provided by incorporating up to about 5 weight percent of iron or an iron compound in a halogen containing unsaturated polyester of a polycarboxylic compound and a polyhydric alcohol having greater than about 4 weight percent halogen based on the weight of unsaturated polyester resin and a copolymerizable unsaturated monomer. The unsaturated polyester resins are copolymerized with an unsaturated monomer for use in castings, laminated products and other reinforced articles.

Abstract: An electrode, for use in electrolytic processes, especially as an anode for use in the electrolysis of aqueous solutions of alkali metal halides, comprises a valve metal substrate coated on at least a portion of the surface thereof with a mixed oxide of hafnium and ruthenium wherein the molar ratio of ruthenium:hafnium is from about 0.25 to about 4.0.

Abstract: An improved polyvinyl chloride or polyvinyl chloride copolymer containing up to 50 percent of a monomer can be obtained by graft polymerizing in contact with an olefin-acrylic ester copolymer in a process of bulk polymerization comprising single stage or two-stage polymerization wherein high speed agitation is used during the first stage and low speed agitation is used in the second stage. By polymerizing in the presence of an olefin-acrylic ester copolymer, reduced particle size, easy processability, lower melt viscosity and improved impact strength can be obtained in the resin product. Two stage bulk polymerization in contact with small amounts of the olefin-acrylic ester copolymer is effective in providing reduced particle size. Larger amounts of olefin-acrylic ester copolymer can be used in either a two-stage or single stage polymerization process where high impact strength, reduced melt viscosity, improved clarity and easy processability properties are desired in the final product.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2,5-dichloro-p-xylene comprises reacting p-xylene with chlorine in the presence of a catalyst system comprising a catalyst selected from the group consisting of halides of iron, halides of antimony and mixtures thereof and a co-catalyst selected from the group consisting of organic sulfur compounds characterized by the presence of divalent sulfur.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymer compositions and to a process of producing phenolic novolak resins having a high phosphorus content. It is known that phenolic novolak resins may be reacted with P.sub.2 O.sub.5. However, it has now been found that if the novolak has substantially entirely ortho-ortho linkage the amount of phosphorus, suitably in the form of P.sub.2 O.sub.5, P.sub.2 S.sub.5, P.sub.2 O.sub.3 or mixtures thereof, that may be reacted is greatly increased and the polymer produced has enhanced fire-retardant properties. The present polymers have a wide utility in the production of flame-retardant molding compositions and laminates.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein, X is from 1 to 12; Z is a member selected from the group consisting of --H, --NH.sub.4, alkali metal, lower alkyl and lower hydroxyalkyl; R is a member selected from the group consisting of ethylene, 1,2-propylene, 1,2-butylene, 2,3-butylene, styrylene and mixtures thereof; R' is selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted alkylene, alkenylene, cycloalkenylene, arylene and cycloalkylene moieties containing at least two nuclear carbon atoms and in which any substituent is selected from the group consisting of carboxy, halo and lower alkyl substituents; M is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon of 1-20 carbon atoms, --RO).sub.x H, and ##STR2## wherein R, X, R' and Z are as above defined; and P is an integer from 0-1, providing when p is 0, ##STR3## is hydrogen, are non-staining or slightly staining antioxidants possessing antiozonant properties for use as antidegradants in combination with oxidizable organic substrates.

Abstract: An improved process for the treatment of precipitator catch wherein the catch is slurried with water, sufficient carbon dioxide is added to convert the sodium carbonate present to sodium bicarbonate, and sodium chloride is separated from the sodium sulfate and sodium bicarbonate.

Abstract: Rubber cement compositions which consist of rubbers and multi- (three and more) functional phenol-aldehyde modified bifunctional phenol resins, which are made by first obtaining the bifunctional phenolic resin by condensing 1 mole of bifunctional phenol with 0.5 to 3.0 moles of aldehydes in the presence of an alkaline catalyst, and then co-condensing 0.05 to 2.5 moles of multifunctional (three and more) phenols against 1 mol of the bifunctional phenols in the above-mentioned resin in the presence of an acidic catalyst, said co-condensed resin having a number average molecular weight of 700 - 1900, a resin melting point of 80.degree. -160.degree. C, being curable and also being soluble in aromatic hydrocarbon solvents.

Abstract: Polymers of excellent impact strength, reduced particle size, and enhanced proportions of fines are obtained in the bulk polymerization of a vinyl halide or mixture thereof with comonomer(s) in the presence of high molecular weight polyolefins by removing from the polymerization mass during the thick paste state thereof sufficient vinyl halide to adjust the effective concentration of polyolefin to above about 5.3% based on vinyl halide. The resultant product which contains an enhanced proportion of fines and is devoid of massive agglomerates, requires less mechanical work in comminution or shorter heating in melting in subsequent conventional processing steps.

Abstract: Brominated phosphoramidates of the structure ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, chloro, bromo, and chloro or bromo substituted alkyl of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms;R.sup.3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, hydroxy substituted alkyl of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and chloro or bromo substituted alkyl of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms;R.sup.4 is independently selected from the group consisting of R.sup.3 and a group of the structure ##STR2## wherein R is selected from the group consisting of alkylene of from 2 to 8 carbon atoms; phenylene, biphenylene and dicyclohexylene; provided that at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 contains a bromine atom and at least one of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 contains a replaceable hydrogen.The phosphoramidates of the present invention are useful to impart a flame retardant property to combustible materials.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## WHEREIN R is selected from the group consisting of ethylene, 1,2 propylene, 1,2 butylene, 2,3 butylene, styrylene and mixtures thereof,x is an integer from 1 to 12,R.sup.1 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl,n is an integer from 1 to 3,Each m is a member, selected independently from the group consisting of hydrocarbon of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, --RO-- , --RO-- H and --RO-- P(OR').sub.3.sup.-n,Wherein R, R', n and x are as above described, providing where m is --RO-- , the O-- bond thereof is attached to the phosphorus of an adjacent P(OR') moiety of a common nitrogen, andP is 0 or 1, providing that when p is ##STR2## IS HYDROGEN, ARE DISCLOSED HAVING UTILITY AS NON-STAINING ANTIOXIDANTS.

Abstract: A method for preventing the gelation of thermosetting resin glues or varnishes in waste wash water characterized by mixing urea in to the waste water which principally contains resorcinol resin obtained by reacting resorcinol with formaldehyde or phenol modified resorcinol resin obtained by reacting phenol, resorcinol and formaldehyde.

Abstract: An improved process for the catalytic production of dichlorotoluenes, especially 2,4-dichlorotoluene, formed by reacting para-chlorotoluene with chlorine in the presence of a catalyst to form a mixture of chlorinated toluenes and thereafter separating from said mixture a dichlorotoluene fraction containing 2,4-dichlorotoluene, the improvement comprising reacting para-chlorotoluene in the liquid phase with chlorine gas in the presence of antimony trichloride catalyst. The mixed chlorotoluene product obtained contains in excess of 85% 2,4-dichlorotoluene, which mixture is then treated with a base, catalyst is removed by separation or filtration and the remaining product is distilled to yield a substantially pure 2,4-dichlorotoluene product.