Abstract: An algorithmic system for an electronic trip unit is provided whereby reliable instantaneous protection is provided. A multi-algorithmic approach uses an algorithm to detect bolted faults based on a direct comparison of the current and a threshold value, and an additional algorithm to detect current overloads based on a comparison of a peak-to-peak current and an additional current threshold.
Abstract: A heterodyne photodetector array, whereby a source beam 32 is reflected off of an object 34 forming a return beam 36 is directed onto an array 48. The array has a centered photodetector cell 52 (FIG. 2) which is surrounded by a plurality of outer photodetector cells 50. The outer cells provide one or more signals for angular tracking of the object, while the center cell provides a signal which may be employed in vibration sensing or other signature measurement applications.