Abstract: A speech signal is transmitted over a radio path by a mobile station, and is received in a first base station. The speech signal, encoded using encoding parameters, is forwarded in the information frames from the first base station to a remotely located speech decoder. Each of the information frames carries a synchronization word and a synchronization check bit recurring at predetermined intervals within the information frame. The information frames are received at the remote speech decoder. The remote speech decoder is synchronized with one of the received information frames using the synchronizing word. Speech encoding parameters are extracted from the received information frames, and the recurring synchronization check bit is monitored within the received information in order to detect an error in the recurring synchronization check bit in the received information frames.

Abstract: An automatic inclination corrector and an inclination sensor using the automatic inclination corrector free from the temperature, for optical instruments. A transparent container 3 seals silicon oil C having a free liquid surface C1. A collimation lens 2 guides the laser beam from the diode 1 to the free liquid surface C1. The inclination corrector corrects the tilt of the instrument to glide the laser beam L4 from the container 3 to advance the beam upward with a normal angle. A reflecting mirror 5 reflects beam L2 after total reflection at the free liquid surface C1. The beam is inverted by a roof prism 6 and passes through silicon oil C and the free liquid surface C1 once. This removes the refractive index n influence to the laser beam L4, and gives an angular change to the laser beam 4 to head the laser beam L4 to a fixed direction.