Abstract: A map of the surface of a substrate is generated at a measurement station. The substrate is then moved to where a space between a projection lens and the substrate is filled with a liquid. The substrate is then aligned using, for example, a transmission image sensor and, using the previous mapping, the substrate can be accurately exposed. Thus the mapping does not take place in a liquid environment.

Abstract: A method and device for generating haptic feedback over a touch surface using plasma actuation are disclosed. A haptic device includes a touch surface, plasma, and a substrate. In one embodiment, the touch surface, which can be made of flexible and/or deformable materials, is capable of sensing one or more events. The substrate is situated adjacent to the touch surface with a separation gap, which physically separates the substrate from the touch surface. The substrate provides haptic feedback in response to the event(s). The plasma is capable of accumulating at one or more pockets located in the separation gap, and configured to facilitate the haptic feedback via energy transfer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a processor-implemented method for processing image data comprising a plurality of pixels and system for performing the method. The method includes the following acts: determining at least one type of data represented by the plurality of pixels, determining, for each type of data, a number of pixels from the image data representing that type of data in the image data, and determining a compression scheme for compressing the image data based on a relative or absolute amount of each type of data in accordance with a predetermined scheme. The type of data may be determined by received input (e.g., user selected type and compression quality) or by analyzing its pixels and comparing it to thresholds. Basing the compression technique on the data type allows for better selection of a compression technique (e.g., MRC or JPEG), and thus greater image quality, compression ratios, and file size.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus includes an illumination system configured to condition a radiation beam; a support constructed to support a patterning device, the patterning device being capable of imparting the radiation beam with a pattern in its cross-section to form a patterned radiation beam; a substrate table constructed to hold a substrate; a projection system configured to project the patterned radiation beam onto a target portion of the substrate, and a sensor configured to measure a height level, curvature and/or angle of a surface of a patterning device supported on the support.

Abstract: A method is provided for reducing the number of writes in a non-volatile memory (122). The method involves writing data in the non-volatile memory and determining a set of data from the data in the non-volatile memory to be written to a removable memory (126) that is operatively coupled to the non-volatile memory (e.g., a NAND memory). The method also involves writing the set of data to the removable memory (e.g., a hard disk) from the non-volatile memory. The method further involves writing a delineation marker (e.g., a sequence number) to the non-volatile memory specifying that the set of data has been written to the removable memory. Notably, the metadata of the data in the non-volatile memory comprises at least one marker set as a specific marker type (e.g., a valid marker and a dirty marker).

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a progressive scanning conversion apparatus comprising: a motion detecting unit that detects a motion during one frame for each pixel and that outputs an output value between a still image determination value and a moving image determination value; a still image interpolation pixel generating unit that generates still image interpolation pixels from at least one of a preceding field signal and a following field signal; a moving image interpolation pixel generating unit that generates moving image interpolation pixels from at least one of a current field signal, the preceding field signal and the following field signal; an interpolation pixel mixing generating unit that mixes the still image interpolation pixels to the moving image interpolation pixels at an adjustable mixing ratio; an inter-field zero vector correlation detecting unit that detects correlation of corresponding small regions in a current field and a preceding field or in the current field and a following field, the

Abstract: A device for performing a “logic function” consisting of a magnetic structure including at least a first magnetoresistive stack including a first ferromagnetic layer and a second ferromagnetic layer separated by a non-ferromagnetic interlayer and at least one first line of current situated in the vicinity of the first magnetoresistive stack and generating in the vicinity of the first stack a magnetic field when an electric current passes through it. The first line includes at least two current input points so that two currents can be added together in the first line, with the sum of the two currents being determined by the logic function.

Abstract: An inspection device for visually inspecting an image sensor of a digital recording device, such as a digital camera. The inspection device includes a tubular housing and a lens mounted therein. The housing is configured to engage a lens interface of a camera body. A lighting assembly is provided that is configured to illuminate the image sensor when the inspection device is coupled to a digital camera body so that the image sensor may be visually inspected for contamination.

Abstract: In some aspects of the disclosure, a method for creating three-dimensional images of non-linear properties and the compressional to shear velocity ratio in a region remote from a borehole using a conveyed logging tool is disclosed.

Abstract: An optical element includes a first layer that includes a first material, and is configured to be substantially reflective for radiation of a first wavelength and substantially transparent for radiation of a second wavelength. The optical element includes a second layer that includes a second material, and is configured to be substantially absorptive or transparent for the radiation of the second wavelength. The optical element includes a third layer that includes a third material between the first layer and the second layer, and is substantially transparent for the radiation of the second wavelength and configured to reduce reflection of the radiation of the second wavelength from a top surface of the second layer facing the first layer. The first layer is located upstream in the optical path of incoming radiation with respect to the second layer in order to improve spectral purity of the radiation of the first wavelength.

Abstract: A method implements hybrid type simulation serving to validate an inertial unit of a moving body on board an angular movement simulator by comparing a trajectory of the moving body as calculated in a real navigation environment with at least one reference trajectory.

Abstract: An immersion lithographic apparatus is described in which a liquid removal device is arranged to remove liquid from the substrate, e.g. during exposures, through a plurality of elongate slots arranged along a line and angled to that line. The liquid removal device may act as a meniscus pinning device in an immersion hood or may be used in a drying device to remove a droplet from the substrate.

Abstract: An exercise system may include an exercise device, which may be configured to facilitate personal exercise and quantification thereof. The exercise device may include a housing body configured to receive compressive force during personal exercise. Personal exercise may include an exercise performed by a user involving one or more body parts of the user. The exercise device may include a force sensor carried by the housing body. The forces sensor may be configured to generate an output signal responsive to compressive force being exerted on the housing body. The exercise device may include one or more processors carried by the housing body. The one or more processors may be configured to execute one or more computer program modules to, among other things determine one or more exercise parameters based on the output signal of the force sensor.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a tactile messaging system configured to send tactile messages between users. The system may be configured so a first user may input tactile information into a first wearable tactile user device and a second user may receive sensory output from a second tactile user device that corresponds to the tactile information entered by the first user into the first tactile user device. This may allow users to communicate by touch, without having to manually enter electronic input information into the system.

Abstract: A XDSL line card including an allocator for allocating power to the multi-tone modulated communications on each of the subscriber lines, and for selecting control parameters sufficient to effect communications on each of the subscriber lines at a power level proximate to an allocated power level therefore. The line card also includes configurable components coupled to one another to form a transmit path and a receive path to couple to the digital subscriber lines. The configurable components are responsive to the control parameters selected by the allocator to initialize multi-tone communications over each of the plurality of subscriber lines at a power level proximate the allocated power level.

Abstract: Included are embodiments of a 3-level line driver. At least one embodiment of a method includes generating a repetitive wave; receiving an input signal and a complement of the input signal; providing a 3-level output signal; and filtering a feedback signal, the means for filtering including at least one of the following: a 0th order filter, and an even order filter.

Abstract: The presently disclosed embodiments relate in general to electrostatography comprising improved features in the flexible imaging member that enhance function when used in the electrostatographic imaging system. These embodiments pertain, more particularly, to a structurally simplified curl-free flexible electrostatographic imaging member belt containing a stress/strain free ground strip layer and stress/strain free imaging layer(s) to improve dynamic belt cyclic motion quality and extend service life.

Abstract: A software component for tracking and tracing the access and display of Internet content employs an Application Media Package. That package includes a definition for rendering a graphical user interface and a URL pointing to Internet content that may be presented within said user interface. An application media viewer manages the collection, organization, sharing, and rendering of a plurality of such software components. Because Application Media Packages are used in groups and often for relatively long periods of time, the present invention may collect real-time multidimensional use statistics that over time becomes a valuable multi-dimensional user behavior profiling database. A server collects use statistics from its Application Media Viewer that runs on client computers or cell phones for example, and manages and tracks Application Media Package and Viewer downloads, access to an Application Media Package library, etc.

Abstract: Method of determining defects in a substrate, the method comprising: scanning a scan range of the substrate with a sensor, the sensor projecting a beam of radiation on the substrate; measuring the fraction of the intensity of the radiation reflected from different substrate areas along the scan range; determining the variations of the measured fraction across the scan range; determining from the variations whether any defects are present in the substrate.

Abstract: System and method for operating a motor using a single general purpose input/output (GPIO) pin of a controller. In one embodiment, a control circuit may include a first terminal coupled to a GPIO pin of a controller. The first terminal can be configured to receive, and output, at least one or more signals. The control circuit may include a plurality of elements coupled to the first terminal, and motor driver circuit output terminal, such that the control circuit may be configured to output one more control signals to the motor driver circuit output terminal for control the motor driver circuit. Motor driver control signals may be based, at least in part, on one or more signals received from the first terminal.