Abstract: An initial chemical composition comprising selected surfactants, dispersants, and degreasers that liquefy, disperse, demulsify, degrease, inhibit corrosion and scale formation, and lower the pour point of a petroleum, coal, Fischer-Tropsch synthesized, or naturally occurring paraffin-based wax and asphaltene. Such a product is capable of converting crystalline wax (paraffin) in, for example, slop oil into an amorphous form of wax at room temperature, allowing the wax to be dissolved in, for example, crude oil without the need for heating, and maintaining it in solution at room temperature, substantially reducing, indeed in some applications, preventing, for example, wax build-up in pipelines, processing and transportation equipment, etc., and the recovery of the hydrocarbons in the slop oil. In a second aspect of the invention, the pre-blend addition of a hydrotrope-demulsifier, a chelating agent and a wax plasticizer can result in a BS&W of zero for the recovered hydrocarbon blend.

Abstract: A high heat producing system which encapsulates a deflected rotating laser beam in a chamber and propagates it through a gaseous medium within the chamber. The heat energy of the deflected rotating laser beam agitates the molecules of the gaseous medium such that the temperature of the gaseous medium increases to at least about two thousand (2000° F.) degrees Fahrenheit, thereby increasing the temperature of the high heat producing device. In the preferred embodiment, the high heat producing device is in direct heat transfer with a working fluid in an expansion chamber for powering, for example, a turbine or the like.

Abstract: A sling (10, 10′, FIGS. 1-3) for lifting a heavy work piece (e.g. a pipe section; FIGS. 5, 6), including a single strap made of flexible, in-elastic fabric material over-lappingly converging upon itself to form a top strap member and a bottom strap member to form a two-ply strap member; a first, integral, eye-loop end; a second, integral eye-loop end; at least one, intermediately spaced, bi-directional loop (50, 150a-d) coupled to the two-ply strap member between the first and second, eye-loop ends. Each bi-directional loop serves to distribute suspension stresses in two directions, longitudinally, along the lifting sling when used to complete the closed lifting loop and distribute pulling forces in either of two directions, longitudinally, along the sling when pulled in any or either longitudinal direction. Additionally, since crane time is very expensive to operate, a sling system which can accommodate the lifting of a plurality of heavy pipes or other heavy objects simultaneously is provided (FIGS.