Abstract: Detection apparatus for use with a carbon dioxide jet spray cleaning system that determines whether liquid carbon dioxide is flowing between a storage tank and a jet spray nozzle. The detection apparatus determines whether carbon dioxide snow is generated by the jet spray nozzle, which is produced by expansion of liquid carbon dioxide through the jet spray nozzle. The apparatus comprises a transfer tube coupled between the storage tank and the jet spray nozzle that has transparent input and output windows and which permits liquid carbon dioxide to flow from the storage tank to the jet spray nozzle. A light source produces light that is focused on a pinhole in an aperture stop. A collimating lens images collimated light on the input window of the transfer tube, and a light detector detects light that is refracted by liquid carbon dioxide in the transfer tube that exits through the output window and is incident thereon, and generates an output signal indicating light detection.

Abstract: The tool case provides storage compartments which may be used by the purchaser to store additional items which might be employed in conjunction with the tools stored in the tool case. The underside of the box portion of the tool case is recessed and a number of containers are pivotably mounted within the recess to provide the user with multiple storage compartments. The containers are all connected to a gang bar to allow them to pivot in unison from a closed position to an open position. When the containers are in the closed position, their outer faces form a single plane which is flush with and parallel to the bottom of the box portion, allowing the user to place rest the bottom of the case securely on a work table or other flat surface. When the containers are in an open position, the outer face of each container projects outwardly exposing the opening and thus allowing the user to place items into or remove items from the containers.

Abstract: The felling and accumulating head has a large accumulation area for trees, obtained by elevating the accumulation area to extend outwardly and rearwardly over the teeth of the saw. Trees are swept from the front severance area, up a small ramp into the accumulation area, by a taker arm, and are retained there by a tucker arm. The taker and tucker arms pivot preferably on the same axis, on the opposite side of the head from the accumulation area, and sweep over the saw motor, to sweep trees a substantial distance rearwardly, i.e. at least beyond an imaginary lateral line through the saw axis. The butt plate is recessed beneath the top of the saw kerf, which permits the head to be angled forward slightly for continuous advancement from one tree to the next.

Abstract: A stair support device is provided for installation on the upper surface of an inclined stair stringer. The device is foldable from a sheet metal template so as to define right-triangular first and second spaced-apart vertical sidewalls, positionable with their hypotenii along the stringer, the sidewalls being joined by an integral horizontal stair support surface. Preferably, the device further includes at least one and preferably two generally right-triangular support webs extending downwardly from against the stair support surface, positionable with their hypotenii on the upper surface of the stringer, thereby serving a load-bearing function between the stair support surface and the stringer. Various fold-out tabs are provided, to facilitate securing the device to the stringer, the stair against the stair support surface, and if applicable, a riser or kickplate against a vertical face of the device.

Abstract: Apparatus for cleaning a wafer carrying cassette. The cassette is fabricated as open top box having closed sides and a plurality of grooves formed in its interior that each hold a wafer. The apparatus includes an enclosure having an entry and an exit, and a conveyor is provided for transporting the cassette through the enclosure. A first plurality of jet spray nozzles are disposed adjacent to the entry that produce a carbon dioxide jet spray that cleans exterior surfaces of the cassette as it travels through the entry. A blower produces a flow of air through the enclosure and a filter filters the air flowing through the enclosure. A second plurality of moveable jet spray nozzles is controlled to move into the interior of the cassette to generate a carbon dioxide spray that cleans the interior of the cassette. An electrostatic control system is provided that controls buildup of electrostatic charge on the cassette caused by the carbon dioxide spray.

Abstract: A method of cleaning an integrated circuit chip module prior to attaching wire bonds thereto. The method involves disposing a module containing an integrated circuit chip and IC bond pads without wire bonds in an environmental process enclosure. A carbon dioxide jet spray cleaning system having a spray nozzle and orifice assembly is disposed the environmental process enclosure. A jet spray of carbon dioxide is generated using the jet spray cleaning system. The carbon dioxide jet spray is directed onto the surface of the module such that the spray impacts the IC bond pads and module bond pads to clean unwanted adhesive from the surface of the module and thus clean the IC and module bond pads.

Abstract: A method (10,30) of boron doping a semiconductor particle using boric acid to obtain a p-type doped particle. Either silicon spheres or silicon powder is mixed with a diluted solution of boric acid having a predetermined concentration. The spheres are dried (16), with the boron film then being driven (18) into the sphere. A melt procedure mixes the driven boron uniformly throughout the sphere. In the case of silicon powder, the powder is metered out (38) into piles and melted/fused (40) with an optical furnace. Both processes obtain a p-type doped silicon sphere with desired resistivity. Boric acid is not a restricted chemical, is inexpensive, and does not pose any special shipping, handling, or disposal requirements.

Abstract: A tool case is provided with more storage than conventional tool cases, and has a lidded storage area which does not reduce the area available for primary storage. The box portion of the tool case has a recess in the bottom thereof, defining a secondary storage area on the opposite side of the case from the lid. The secondary storage area also has a lid, so that pieces can be stored without falling out.

Abstract: In a fastener to join two timbers, there is a concealed coupling bar extending on both sides of the contact area into the timbers and linked to them by two components placed perpendicularly through its extremities. In this invention, one at least of these components is capable of expanding in order to compress the joint, and is actuated perpendicularly to the coupling member.

Abstract: A traffic channelizing device has a base unit made from the sidewalls of used tires, and additional tire components such as tread portions or other sidewalls, at least partially secured between the sidewalls. Tread portions may be wound spirally between opposing sidewall portions, or horizontally-arranged sidewalls may be positioned partially between the opposing sidewall portion, and may be cut and shaped to a non-circular inner shape to accommodate barrels which have a non-circular shape. Wire ties or the like are used to bind the sidewalls to produce an irregular exterior shape, so that the devices are not inclined to roll when overturned. The base separates readily from the barrel in the event of an impact.

Abstract: The invention is a screening apparatus for classifying material of different sizes. A screen is rotatably mounted on a frame for rotation around a first axis which is angled upwardly away from the horizontal, at an angle of from 0 to 30 degrees. The screen is symmetrical about the axis and has an open upper inlet end and a lower outlet end. The screen has a cylindrical portion extending from the inlet end towards the outlet end, having a diameter larger than its length, and a conical portion extending from the cylindrical portion towards the outlet end, tapering inwardly to a central outlet opening, the lowest point of the outlet opening being substantially higher than the lowest point of the screen. The frame is pivotally mounted on a trailer for pivoting about a longitudinal axis near a lower side edge of the trailer. The open inlet end of the screen faces one side of the trailer.

Abstract: The panel has several sections, each with a different hole profile. The top panel section has a hole diameter which corresponds to the terminal flange in such a way that the top panel section contacts the terminal flange, holding the terminal with frictional gripping force. This contact keeps the terminal from wobbling, thus eliminating the weakening of the terminal support legs and shorting between terminals. The panel section between the top and rear panel sections (i.e. the middle section) has a hole diameter which corresponds to the outer diameter of the terminal between the terminal flange and the terminal support legs, so that the terminal can be press fitted in the middle section hole. The rear panel section has a hole diameter which is conical or profiled with a larger diameter towards the top panel section, corresponding to the width of the support legs in such a way that the support legs can be fully sprung out, and a smaller diameter towards the rear of the mass termination panel.

Abstract: The suspended file folder is made entirely from thermoplastic material. The assembly uses a thermoplastic sheet folded along at least one score line to define a folder. The folder has integral suspension portions extending laterally from upper side edges, having generally U-shaped downwardly-opening notches therein to accommodate the suspension rails. Two thermoplastic support bars are permanently fused one to each wall of the folder along the upper edges thereof to provide the required degree of strength and rigidity. The support bars have generally U-shaped downwardly-opening notches therein, corresponding to and aligned with the notches in the suspension portions of the folders. The support bars preferably are provided with ribs to enhance rigidity and strength. Preferably, there are two of the score lines at the bottom of the folder, so that the folder is somewhat U-shaped rather than V-shaped.

Abstract: A plug is used in welding a female-threaded boss into a hole through a part, the plug being installed in the boss prior to welding (preferably at the plant of the supplier of the bosses, so that they already have the plug installed when they arrive for welding). The plug has a head and a cylindrical portion extending below the head, the cylindrical portion having male threads adapted to be received by the female threads of the boss. The head has a minimum transverse dimension of at least the maximum transverse dimension of an upper surface of the boss so as to completely cover the upper surface. The cylindrical threaded portion of the plug has thread-cutting edges defined therein, configured to re-tap the threads of the boss when an installed plug is rotated in the direction necessary to remove the plug from the boss.

Abstract: The felling and bunching head for severing and grouping trees has a shear or saw or the like for severing trees, and an accumulation area for accumulating severed trees, extending rearwardly from the shear or saw, substantially outwardly and away from a centerline of said head. Taker and tucker arms are pivotally mounted to pivot towards and away from the accumulation area. The taker and tucker arms are mounted via pivotal connections located substantially outwardly from the shear or saw on the opposite side of the centerline from the accumulation area, on substantially the same axis. The taker and tucker arms have generally similar geometries facing the accumulation area, as viewed from above, thereby presenting generally similar geometries to trees in the accumulation area, thereby minimizing jostling of the trees when they are alternately held in the accumulation area by the taker arm and by the tucker arm.

Abstract: The reactor has two tubes arranged concentrically, one having a larger diameter than the other, the tubes thus defining an inner channel and an outer channel. The inner channel contains an elongated light source, such as a bulb or a fiber optic bundle receiving sunlight from a solar collector, radiating light outwardly, the light including a substantial component of light having a wavelength of less than 390 nm. The outer channel has at least one and preferably a number of angled conical baskets arranged therein, each basket covering all of the channel and having a face supporting a fiber glass mesh thereon, exposed towards the light. An alternative embodiment reflects sunlight inwardly towards a single tube with baskets. Each basket has a plurality of small apertures therethrough to permit water to pass therethrough, and the mesh is impregnated with TiO.sub.2 particles. Preferably, the inner surface of the outer channel is reflective. The mesh is prepared by a process which includes treatment of the TiO.sub.