Abstract: The invention discloses a method for forming solder (114) on a substrate (112). The method includes forming a decal (110) with a plurality of solder regions (113). The method further comprises aligning the decal (110) with the substrate (112) and transferring the solder regions (113) on the decal (110) to the substrate (112).

Abstract: A method of making an integrated circuit capacitor and/or resistor and the capacitor and/or resistor wherein the method comprises providing an electrically conductive region, preferably highly doped silicon, forming a first electrode of a capacitor, forming a layer of electrically insulating material, preferably silicon oxide, silicon nitride or a combination thereof, over the surface and forming a layer of a metal silicide, preferably titanium silicide, over the layer of electrically insulating material by forming a layer of polysilicon over the layer of electrically insulating material, forming a layer of a metal, preferably titanium, which forms an electrically conductive composition when reacted with polysilicon over the layer of polysilicon, reacting the metal with the polysilicon to form an electrically conductive layer therewith and removing any unreacted metal.

Abstract: An oscillator is provided for use in integrated circuits of the type that are employed in various, relatively low power, power management systems such as can be found in mobile communications systems and the like. The oscillator provides an output frequency that is highly stable over a range of conventional operational parameters. The oscillator provides a current generator that is comprised of a pair of NMOS transistors and a pair of PMOS transistors that are arranged such that the respective gates of each pair are connected to one another to establish current mirroring. The current generator is connected to a hysteresis circuit, which is operable to develop a potential difference in the circuit. The hysteresis circuit includes an NMOS transistor and a PMOS transistor that are respectively and correspondingly coupled to the current-mirroring NMOS and PMOS transistor pairs of the current generator.

Abstract: An amplifier circuit (10) is provided. Amplifier (10) has an amplifier stage (14) that is coupled to control an output stage (18). Output stage (18) includes a sourcing circuit (20) and a sinking circuit (22). Output stage (18) also includes a mirror circuit (42) that is coupled to an output of amplifier stage (14). Output stage (18) also includes a current balancing circuit (30) coupled to mirroring circuit (42) and sourcing circuit (20). Mirroring circuit (42) draws current from balancing circuit (30) in response to a first predetermined output from amplifier stage (14) such that balancing circuit (30) causes an insignificant current to flow in sourcing circuit (20). Thus amplifier (10) operates to sink current from an external load (12). Alternatively, mirroring circuit (42) may draw an insignificant current from balancing circuit (30) in response to a second predetermined output of the amplifier stage (14). This causes a significant current flow in sourcing circuit (20).