Abstract: The invention is directed to a liquid crystalline display comprising a display cell containing liquid crystalline material and a retardation layer. The retardation layer comprises a, preferably slightly cross-linked, high-molecular weight material layer and a substrate, wherein the high-molecular weight material has a nematic phase above its Tg and a dynamic viscosity at the working temperature of at least 100 Pa.s. The difference of the Tc of the high-molecular weight material and the Tc of the low-molecular weight material of the display cell (TC.sub.cell) is in the range of -30.degree. C. to +30.degree. C., preferably in the range of -20.degree. C. to +20.degree. C., and more preferably in the range of -10.degree. C. to +10.degree. C.; and the Tg of the high-molecular weight liquid crystalline material is lower than 50.degree. C.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 18, 1998
Date of Patent:
July 11, 2000
Assignee:
Akzo Nobel nv
Inventors:
Paulus Pieter De Wit, Stephen James Picken, Andre Steenbergen, Martin Bosma
Abstract: The microbiological degradation of alkylene amine acetates under alkaline conditions using microorganisms present in activated sludge is achieved by contacting the alkylene amine acetate-containing waste, at a pH of about 9 or less, with activated sludge containing a wide range of microorganisms, in the absence of carrier materials.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 22, 1997
Date of Patent:
October 12, 1999
Assignee:
Akzo Nobel N.V.
Inventors:
Cornelis Gijsbertus Van Ginkel, Eltjo Boelema