Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling subscriber unit power level using power measurements made on access request transmissions. Since a subscriber unit access request typically precedes a subscriber unit data transmission by a relatively short period of time, the data transmission power level will then be based on a recent power measurement. The access request may also trigger a sequence of power control steps including the transmission of special upstream power measurement transmissions which can be used as the basis for even more accurate power control. These power control features are particularly useful in fading environments such as found in a wireless system.

Abstract: Miniature optical devices, including circulator array devices, are fabricated using thin film coating technology. A typical optical device according to the present invention includes a spatial walkoff plate (SWP) coupled on opposite ends to first and second polarization orientation elements. First and second polarization beam splitter (PBS) elements are coupled to the first and second polarization orientation elements, respectively. The PBS elements are formed using thin film coating techniques and each includes an array of port coupling regions for coupling to an array of input/output fiber port assemblies. The SWP may be formed using thin film coating techniques or cut from a birefringent single crystal. Each polarization orientation element includes a Faraday rotator element, and in some embodiments, each also includes a wave plate formed using thin film coating techniques.

Abstract: An automatic retransmission system offering good latency and overhead characteristics combined with programmable tradeoffs among overhead, latency, and error performance. ARQ (Automatic Repeat reQuest) blocks present at both ends of a link coordinate to automatically attempt to re-send data if that data was not received properly the first time it was sent. Re-transmission from the transmitter (transmitter) is requested by the receiver (Receiver) via a highly reliable “Repeat Request” (RR) mechanism. This RR scheme carries sufficient information back to the transmitter for it to determine which previous transmissions need to be re-sent.

Abstract: Load balancing among fast reroute backup tunnels in a label switched network is achieved. M backup tunnels may be used to protect N parallel paths. A single backup tunnel may protect multiple parallel paths, saving on utilization of network resources such as router state and signaling information. A single path may be protected by multiple backup tunnels, assuring that bandwidth guarantees are met under failure conditions even when no one backup tunnel with sufficient bandwidth may be found. A packing algorithm is used to associate individual label switched paths (LSPs) with individual backup tunnels. If an LSP cannot be assigned to a backup tunnel, it may be either rejected, or additional bandwidth is allocated to existing backup tunnels, or a new backup tunnel is established.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the technique dynamically adjusts resource allocations for each traffic class based on actual traffic load measured for each service class. In this way, the per-hop-behavior required by a differentiated service model may be achieved. Core nodes of a network operating according to a differentiated service model dynamically adjust resource allocations for multiple traffic classes without requiring explicit signaling from other network nodes. Policies for sharing resources among multiple service classes can be enforced.

Abstract: A graphics controller system which has a graphics engine and video memory together with some interface blocks, a PCMCIA host adapter, an infrared interface for generating video images on a LCD or CRT display unit, and a video stream interface for receiving video signals, all in the form of a CMOS integrated circuit. The video memory is integrated on the same integrated circuit as the graphics controller; no package pins are required for the memory interface.

Abstract: Systems and methods for employing digital two-way cable MAC protocols for multi-user wireless communication systems. In one embodiment, a physical layer TDMA framing structure is provided to complement the MAC layer framing. A single MAC layer frame is divided into multiple physical layer frames. The physical layer frames are divided among frames dedicated to transporting data between MAC layer entities and frames dedicated to transporting physical layer control information. Constant delay in transmission through the physical layer is preserved.

Abstract: The invention comprises a method for computing the shortest protectable paths in communication networks, and a method for establishing and defining protected paths. The invention utilizes a new algorithm to exclude from consideration as the “shortest path” between two network elements, a path for which adequate protection cannot be established. Such an unprotectable path will contain one or more unprotectable links. These unprotectable links can be identified and excluded based upon whether or not the link is a member of a loop. Because there are several more computational steps in defining the protected paths, after the shortest path has been found, the initial exclusion of unprotectable path segments from consideration eliminates the potential waste of computational resources leading to a more rapid and efficient routing and provisioning of reliable network paths and circuits.

Abstract: An air bearing stage device which is suitable for use with a vacuum environment is disclosed. According to one aspect of the present invention, a stage apparatus includes a table that is positioned in a system vacuum chamber, a first rod that carries the table, and first and second plates that support the first rod. The first plate includes an air bearing surface that is held against the first side of a first wall by a first vacuum force. A first drive mechanism drives the first plate to move the first rod in a first direction, and also drives the second plate to move the first rod in the first direction, while a second drive mechanism which includes a second rod and a first linear motor causes the second rod to move the first rod in a second direction.

Abstract: A method of testing a primary device for two-way communication between the primary device and one or more other devices in communication therewith in a network. The method may include receiving a packet containing an originating device identifier at the primary device; adding a primary device identifier to the packet; transmitting the packet containing the originating device identifier and the primary device identifier from the primary device; and receiving a reply packet and detecting two-way communication if the reply packet contains the originating device identifier and the primary device identifier. A system for testing a primary device for two-way communication between the primary device and the other devices coupled to the primary device is also disclosed.

Abstract: A system and method for enabling interoperation and partnering that permit software application products and/or hardware device products to interoperate over a network such as the Internet in a way unpresupposed by the products are disclosed. The Internet Application Partnering (IAP) system may be implemented in a processor comprising a structure, software, and configuration. The method includes locating an IAPS processor by an originating IAP application, sending an IAP application identification message to the IAPS processor, negotiating the IAPS identification number and field size as well as the sizes of the event code and data field, and event messaging.

Abstract: A spatial processor that exploits signals that arrive via multiple outputs of a communication channel to provide soft decision values useful to a trellis or Viterbi decoder. A spatial processor may take into account a statistical characterization of interference as received via the multiple channel outputs. Spatial processor operation may also be optimized to operate in conjunction with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM).

Abstract: A method for generating notification based expressions includes identifying notifications supported by an agent and specifying objects for at least one of the notifications. One or more expressions are defined based on objects specified for the notification. The method further includes sending a list of objects and expressions to the agent to configure the notifications received at a management station upon occurrence of an event at the agent.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for efficiently writing data to and reading data from multi-state memory cells. According to one aspect of the present invention, a memory system includes a first storage element, a data source, a first element, a second element, and a ripple clock. The data source provides a plurality of bits to be stored in the first storage element, and the first element receives a first bit from the data source, and also clocks the first bit into the second element. The first element then receives a second bit of the plurality of bits from the data source substantially while the first bit is being stored into the first storage element. The ripple clock enables access to the first element and the second element such that the first bit and the second bit may be pipelined.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for write-protecting the contents of a flash memory device are disclosed. According to one aspect of the present invention, a memory storage device includes a memory, and interface, and a housing. The interface is coupled to the memory, and allows the device to communicate or interface with an external device. The housing is arranged around the memory, and includes a first section and a tab that is partially attached to the first section to enable data to be written onto the memory through the interface. The tab is arranged to be detached from the first section to substantially prevent the data from being written onto the memory through the interface. In one embodiment, when the tab is partially attached to the first section, the memory storage device is substantially write-enabled.

Abstract: Systems and methods for replacing software controlling active routers while minimizing impact on network operation are provided by virtue of one embodiment of the present invention. The software replacement process takes advantage of packet processor redundancy. An active packet switching device to be reprogrammed is de-activated and a redundant packet switching device takes over. The no longer active packet switching device is reprogrammed before being reactivated.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and apparatus for automatically provisioning data stitching circuits within a network element (NE). Data circuits are defined as the interface cards within NE that are receiving a particular data stream. Data stitching circuits are defined as data circuits that are provided with a destination point and a next destination point for each interface card. The NE creates a data-stitching matrix that identifies a path (i.e., destination and next destination) for the data stream to follow. The matrix is used by a cross-connect to reroute the data stream around one or more inoperable interface cards. When interface cards within the NE request to be provisioned into or out of a data stitching circuit the NE automatically updates the data-stitching matrix.

Abstract: A computer system for analyzing nucleic acid sequences is provided. The computer system is used to perform multiple methods for determining unknown bases by analyzing the fluorescence intensities of hybridized nucleic acid probes. The results of individual experiments are improved by processing nucleic acid sequences together. Comparative analysis of multiple experiments is also provided by displaying reference sequences in one area and sample sequences in another area on a display device.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to optical imaging systems and methods for providing images of two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional distribution of properties of chromophores in various physiological media. More particularly, the present invention relates to optical imaging systems, optical probes thereof, and methods therefor utilizing self-calibration of their output signals. A typical self-calibrating optical imaging system includes at least one wave source, at least one wave detector, a signal analyzer, a signal processor, and an image processor. The signal analyzer receives, from the wave detector, an output signal representative of the distribution of the chromophores or their properties in target areas of the medium. The signal analyzer analyzes amplitudes of the output signal and selects multiple points of the output signal having substantially similar amplitudes.

Abstract: Systems and methods for managing packet memory. Various clients in a router need to read from and/or write to the contents of individual packets. In one embodiment, all accesses to packet memory are via a packet manager. Individual clients are issued packet handles to use in identifying particular packets to the packet manager. The packet manager translates between the packet handles and pointers to packet memory locations. To assure robust performance after restarting the packet manager, each packet handle indicates which run version of the packet manager was responsible for generating the handle. The packet manager refuses requests for packet access using handles generated by previous versions.