Abstract: The rolling bearing comprises a ring (30) made in two relatively axially movable ring parts (31,32) and another ring or shaft (40) between which rolling elements (20) travel, and an elastically yieldable device (50) cooperative with a housing and one of said ring parts and capable of being placed in a first state corresponding to an inactive prestress and a second state corresponding to an active prestress. This elastically yieldable device (50) comprises a support (51) in the form of a split washer (5100), a detent mechanism (521) with at least two projecting lugs (5212) and an elastomeric collar-shaped element (53).