Abstract: The present process and system provides a means for controlling denitrification in an orbital system. The process includes measuring the dissolved oxygen concentration at two or more points in the sewage in the orbital system and controlling the rate of aeration of the sewage according to the dissolved oxygen concentration.

Abstract: Filter drum having its surface divided by longitudinal division strips into a plurality of separate filtration sectors each of which is provided with a plurality of lead and trail ports. In each sector, all lead ports communicate with a single manifold through ports in the manifold wall, the manifold is in turn connected to a filter valve by a single conduit; and all trail ports register with ports in another manifold in turn connected by a single conduit to the filter valve. The manifolds are formed as rectangular conduits secured to the inside of the drum wall and extending the full length thereof. The boundaries between adjacent manifolds are located under division strips. The manifold for a given sector is physically located next to the manifold connected to the lead port for the next succeeding adjacent sector. The ports are formed as elongated slots in the drum deck as close as possible and parallel to the division strip.

Abstract: A process and system to dry wet sewage sludge with hot sand and to burn the dried sludge. The sand is heated in a sand heater by burning dried sludge, and the hot sand is transferred to a sludge dryer. Wet sludge is mixed with the hot sand in the sludge dryer and thereby moisture is driven off. The dried sludge and sand are separated, and the sand returned to a sand heater while the dried sludge is burned to heat the sand.

Abstract: A mechanism for selectively distributing liquid flow to at least two separate outlet conduits includes a tank for receiving liquid and at least two tubular members having bellows-like sections mounted in the tank in flow communication with the associated outlet conduits. Actuator devices are connected for selectively compressing or extending the bellows-like sections to determine the elevations of the mouths of the tubular members within, or above, the liquid in the tank to thereby control the flow through the outlet conduits.

Abstract: A rotary disc vacuum filter includes detachably-mounted conduits rotating with a trunnion to provide flow communication between disc-shaped filter elements mounted on the trunnion and a valve applying suction to the filter elements. The rotary disc vacuum filter further includes ferrules for mounting the disc-shaped filter elements to the trunnion.

Abstract: A turbidimeter for measuring the turbidity of a sample of fluid comprises a transparent sample cell, a light source for directing a beam of light through the sample cell, and beam separating means comprising a hollow tube and reflective means encompassing the tube. The hollow tube is positioned for receiving unscattered light transmitted through the sample cell and transmitting it to a light responsive detector. The reflective means is positioned and oriented for receiving light scattered by the fluid in the sample cell and directing it to a second light responsive detector. A comparison of the outputs of the two detectors provides a measure of the turbidity of the sampled fluid. This arrangement is compact, economical and shock-resistant, and it provides a measure of turbidity which is relatively unaffected by changes in color, the accumulation of turbid films on the sample cell wall and variations in the intensity of the light source.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for obtaining a continuous substantially particle-free sample of a liquid comprising a rotatable disc disposed beneath a conduit from which a stream of liquid to be sampled is discharged onto a portion of the disc and a drive motor for rotating the disc at a speed sufficient to form a bed of liquid about the disc periphery. A continuous sample of the liquid is removed by a blade positioned to engage the bead adjacent an edge portion of the disc at a point along the disc periphery opposite the portion wetted by the stream so that any solid particles which may be present in the liquid are carried off in the stream flowing from the disc before reaching the blade.

Abstract: An eliminator core having a hinged member for sealing the top edges of a plurality of eliminator sheets formed in a bundle. More particularly the core having a cam for displacing the hinged member.

Abstract: A segmented cake discharge deflector blade for rotary drum filters. Each segment includes a straight blade mounted on a plurality of spaced apart U-shaped flat steel springs with the free edge of the straight blade extending beyond the closed end of the U. The face of the filter tank is provided with a clamp for receiving the free end of the other leg of each spring. The springs are preselected for proper tension. Complemental elements on the tank wall and springs cooperative with each other provide proper positioning of the free edge of the blade segments relative to the drum face.

Abstract: In a cooperative combination of two scrubbing systems, the first scrubbing system operates upon combustion gases with an aqueous solution to remove hydrogen chloride gas and other chlorine components. The second scrubbing system subsequently operates upon the combustion gases with a sodium-base solution to absorb sulfur oxides. The products of the two scrubbing systems are treated in combination to form a material for disposal and to generate the aqueous scrubbing solution for the chloride scrubbing system.

Abstract: A burner assembly for combusting pyrolysis gases includes a chamber, a first cone-shaped conduit connected at its larger end to the chamber and a second conduit mounted to extend through the smaller end of the first conduit to have an open end positioned in the interior of the first conduit. Further, a conical baffle is mounted within the first conduit to have its apex adjacent the open end of the second conduit and a duct means is mounted to the first conduit for admitting air into the first conduit.

Abstract: An assembly for an ultrasonic flowmeter apparatus includes a housing having first and second opposite ends, an inlet and an outlet, a tube within the housing to define a passage in the housing, a wall within the housing to support the tube and to partition the housing into first and second plenums which are in flow communication through the passage of the tube and ultrasonic transducers mounted at the opposite ends of the housing to transmit ultrasonic signals in an axial direction through the tube.

Abstract: A burner in which steam is utilized to atomize fluid fuels such as natural gas and fuel oils. The burner includes a first tubular housing having a first outlet defined at one end; and a second tubular housing fixedly mounted within the first housing having an end which defines an exit adjacent and enclosed by the first outlet and so mounted to define an annular space between the housings. The burner further includes a plurality of fuel nozzles mounted within the second housing wherein an initial mixture of steam and a fluid fuel is formed and from which the initial mixture is emitted toward the exit and a confluence with air flowing in said annular passage so that a combustible mixture is formed; and a turbulator ring mounted within and at the exit to define a sharp-edged orifice and a narrow annular orifice.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for steam drying a cake of filtered solids formed on a filter element of a rotary disc vacuum filter where the disc filter element is mounted for rotation in a container, the lower portion of which includes a slurry tank and the upper portion of which includes a steam hood. The steam hood encloses a portion of the filter element in a steam chamber and includes tubular members which are connected to support the steam hood walls and which serve as an element of an introduction means for conveying steam into the chamber.

Abstract: An electrolytic titration cell of an electrolytic titration apparatus includes a reaction chamber without baffles and means for introducing gas as the means to mix electrolyte contained in the chamber. The cell further includes means for maintaining a constant level of electrolyte in the reaction chamber and electrodes removably mounted by means of septa.

Abstract: Apparatus for connecting two otherwise coupled railroad vehicles in gaseous flow communication comprises first and second ducts each mounted respectively at one end to one of the railroad vehicles, first and second coupling ducts each mounted respectively at an opposite open end of the first and second ducts to pivot about a vertical axis with one end enclosed in its respective duct and with a second end extending out from its respective duct, first and second frame members each mounted respectively at the second end of the first and second duct and having a mating surface circumferentially surrounding the second end, and first and second biasing means to extend between the respective pair of duct and coupling duct to urge the second end away from its duct and maintain the respective mating surfaces in abutting and sliding engagement one with the other.

Abstract: A steam atomizing burner which can alternatively burn gas, oil or a combination of gas and oil which comprises a burner introducing a major portion of the oxidizer required to produce combustion downstream of the fuel nozzle.

Abstract: A flotation process wherein hydraulic effects are used to disperse gas bubbles throughout a contained liquid body with a free surface. The process comprises ejecting a two-phase fluid into the liquid body with the density and the kinetic energy of the ejected fluid per unit of the contained volume being such as to define a point within the area encompassed by Regions I and II in the graph of FIG. 2.

Abstract: A filter press for mechanically separating solids from liquid, slurries, suspensions and the like having a rigid frame including a first stationary end member which is a filter press head, a second stationary end member, and a pair of side rail members which extend horizontally and parallel to each other and which are supported at their opposite ends by the stationary end members. The filter press also includes a first and a second set of filter plates mounted for sliding movement on said side rail members and means interconnecting the plates in each set to allow limited travel of the interconnected plates away from one another while also allowing adjacent plates to move into abutting relationship with one another.

Abstract: Apparatus for continuous electrowinning of copper bearing slurries, including an electrowinning cell wherein a slurry composed of a suitable electrolyte and a copper-bearing solid material, is subjected to the simultaneous reactions of dissolving the copper material and plating out elemental copper as a relatively pure copper product. The apparatus and process also includes means to purify the copper-bearing material before passage to the electrowinning cell so as to prevent contamination of the electrolyte in the cell and, also, a means to recover sulfur which is released during the electrowinning and unreacted copper material.