Abstract: A gate-source structure and fabrication method for a static induction transistor having improved gain and frequency characteristics and having relatively simple fabrication requirements. The method and the device are embodied by gate regions diffused into the bottom of parallel recessed grooves located in a high resistivity epitaxial semiconductor layer, the surface of the semiconductor layer having a previously diffused source region located between the recessed grooves. The walls of the recessed grooves are covered with silicon dioxide.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell having an alkali metal anode; a cathode selected from the group consisting of halogens, metal halides, Group VI A elements and compounds thereof with metallic elements; and an electrolyte containing an inorganic solvent system and a solute dissolved in the solvent system. The solvent system comprises a mixture of phosphorus oxychloride, and a low freezing solvent selected from the group consisting of thionyl chloride, thiophosphoryl chloride, sulfuryl chloride and monofluorophosphoryl dichloride.

Abstract: A gate-source structure and fabrication method for a surface-gate static induction transistor. The method requires only one masking step during fabrication, thereby eliminating or minimizing mask registration problems during fabrication of the devices. The method and the device are characterized by a two-step etching process which forms T-shaped gate windows in layers of polycrystalline silicon with different doping levels. The source region is formed during an annealing step from the layer with high doping level. During the annealing step, the gate regions are also formed from gate impurities implanted previously in the gate windows. The source structure and the gate structure are separated by a silicon dioxide protective layer.

Abstract: A high efficiency controlled direct current source for operating high pressure mercury or metal halide lamps for use as substitutes for ordinary incandescent lamps. The circuit includes a voltage sensitive circuit for pulsed starting of the arc discharge lamp as well as for the activation of an auxiliary incandescent filament during the warm-up or hot restart of the arc.

Abstract: A fault locating system for optical telecommunications includes a central office and means associated therewith for generating a tone signal. Analog to digital conversion means convert the tone signal to a digital signal. Cable driving means, receiving the digital signal, provide a driving output to an optical cable. The optical cable output is coupled to an input of a repeater which reforms the received digital signal before retransmission thereof. The repeater is coupled to an input of a filter which passes signals at a frequency f.sub.1. The output of the first repeater is coupled to an input of a second optical cable. The output of the second optical cable is coupled to an input of a second repeater which reforms the received digital signal before retransmission thereof. The second repeater is coupled to an input of a second filter which passes signals at a frequency f.sub.2. The output of the (n-1)st repeater is coupled to the input of an nth optical cable.

Abstract: An automatic sharpness control circuit for a color television receiver, wherein a filter having a variable filtering characteristic establishes the peaking of the frequencies forming the video signal, includes a varactor diode as the control element for the variable characteristic filter. The automatic gain control signal establishes the bias condition of the varactor diode so that the extent of peaking in the frequencies forming the video signal is automatically reduced as the strength of the video signal decreases. Accordingly, a balancing effect is created between desirable picture sharpness and the degrading effect of accentuated picture noise.

Abstract: 1. An optical maser comprisingA. an optical cavity formed from a wafer of gallium arsenide having first and second contiguous p and n type regions with resistivities in the range 10.sup.-3 to 10.sup.-1 ohm-centimeter, said p region being centrally located and having an area less than the area of said n region, the surfaces of said n region remote from and opposite said p region being parallel to said p region and optically flat,B. a first metallic layer secured directly to the n region of said wafer on the surface remote from said p region, said first metallic layer being in ohmic contact with said n region and surrounding the optically flat portion of said n region,C. a second metallic layer secured directly to the p region of said wafer and being in ohmic contact therewith,D. first and second electrodes attached to said first and second metallic layers respectively, andE.

Abstract: A video processing system for a television receiver is shown. The video processing system includes a gain controlled stage through which a video signal is coupled. The gain of the stage is controlled to provide contrast control of the video signal. The gain of the gain controlled stage is also automatically controlled in response to a beam current feedback to provide automatic contrast or white level control. In addition, the automatic control circuit provides beam circuit limiting by reducing the gain of the gain controlled stage to minimum in response to beam currents in excess of a threshold. An aperture correction signal is also coupled through the gain controlled stage so that it is amplified or attenuated by the same amount as the video signal. The output of the gain controlled stage is coupled to an output stage where the black level of the video signal is controlled by a black level control circuit. The disclosed video processing system is further adapted for fabrication in integrated circuit form.

Abstract: A video processing system for a television receiver is shown. The video processing system includes a gain controlled stage through which a video signal is coupled. The gain of the stage is controlled to provide contrast control of the video signal. The video signal is also applied to an aperture correction circuit which develops an aperture correction signal including pre-shoot and over-shoot transient responses. The aperture correction signal is also coupled through the gain controlled stage so that it is amplified or attenuated by the same amount as the video signal. The output of the gain controlled stage is coupled to an output stage where the black level of the video signal is controlled by a black level control circuit. The disclosed video processing system is further adapted for fabrication in integrated circuit form.

Abstract: A method for making a mount for a circuit breaker for mounting the circuit breaker in a holder of the type typically used for fuses and a method of making the mount is disclosed. Engaging means such as metallic screw threads or a bayonet ferrule are bonded to the envelope of the circuit breaker with one of the circuit breaker leads attached thereto. The other circuit breaker lead is attached to an eyelet. A spacer is molded between the base of the circuit breaker and the eyelet to hold the eyelet in a fixed position relative to the circuit breaker so that when the screw threads or bayonet ferrule is engaged with a holder, the eyelet contacts a contact in the base of the holder.

Abstract: A vertical synchronizing circuit wherein a counter counts pulses at twice the horizontal deflection rate and provides a vertical output pulse at a predetermined count is shown. A synchronism or mode detector causes the circuit to switch to a driven mode when the counter is not reset in synchronism with the vertical synchronizing pulses. The mode detector causes the circuit to switch to a countdown mode when synchronism is detected. A phase detector detects phase errors between the counter and the vertical synchronizing pulses when the circuit is in the countdown mode and causes the counter to delete or add counts depending upon the direction of the phase error when such phase errors persist for a predetermined number of vertical fields. The vertical synchronizing pulses are applied to a gate which is enabled in the countdown mode when the counter reaches a predetermined count shortly before a vertical synchronizing pulse is anticipated.

Abstract: A tuning voltage circuit for providing a tuning voltage which is corrected by an automatic frequency control error voltage for application to a voltage controlled radio frequency tuning means for a television receiver is shown. The voltage controlled radio frequency tuning means has a non-linear frequency versus tuning voltage characteristic which causes the sensitivity of the tuning means to the error voltage to vary over the frequency range of interest. The tuning voltage circuit includes a high impedance tuning voltage source which provides sensitivity compensation for the automatic frequency control error voltage to compensate for variations of the automatic frequency control pull-in range in the frequency range of interest.

Abstract: An equipment housing for a communication system such as a community antenna television system wherein signals are coupled via a coaxial cable is shown. The coaxial cable can be attached to alternative ports of the equipment housing. A connector with first and second intersecting bores is retained in the housing in a position to receive the center conductor of the coaxial cable through either of the first and second ports. A threaded set-screw inserted in a third bore of the connector secures the center conductor in either of the first and second bores. A third port in the equipment housing provides access to the set-screw.

Abstract: A vertical synchronizing circuit wherein a counter counts pulses at twice the horizontal deflection rate and provides a vertical output pulse at a predetermined count is shown. A synchronism or mode detector causes the circuit to switch to a driven mode when the counter is not reset in synchronism with the vertical synchronizing pulses. The mode detector causes the circuit to switch to a countdown mode when synchronism is detected. A phase detector detects phase errors between the counter and the vertical synchronizing pulses when the circuit is in the countdown mode and causes the counter to delete or add counts depending upon the direction of the phase error when such phase errors persist for a predetermined number of vertical fields. The vertical synchronizing pulses are applied to a gate which is enabled in the countdown mode when the counter reaches a predetermined count shortly before a vertical synchronizing pulse is anticipated.

Abstract: A vertical synchronizing circuit wherein noise pulses or signals which may accompany vertical synchronizing pulses are locked out for a predetermined time subsequent to the receipt of a vertical synchronizing pulse is shown. A counter counts pulses at the horizontal or line deflection rate. At a particular count of the counter the vertical synchronizing circuit is conditioned for receipt of a vertical synchronizing pulse. Subsequent to the receipt of a vertical synchronizing pulse, the vertical synchronizing circuit is conditioned to be unresponsive to any received pulses until the counter again counts to the predetermined count.

Abstract: A surface wave frequency selective device including a single interdigital transducer disposed on a piezoelectric substrate for attenuating signals of a particular frequency or range of frequencies is shown. An intermediate frequency circuit including the surface wave frequency selective device and a frequency selective system including the surface wave frequency selective device as well as a surface wave filter disposed on the same substrate are also shown.

Abstract: A signal combining circuit for combining a tuning bias voltage and an automatic frequency control error voltage for application to a voltage controlled radio frequency tuning means for a television receiver is shown. The voltage controlled radio frequency tuning means has a non-linear frequency versus voltage characteristic and the signal combining circuit includes a resistance means for coupling the error voltage to the tuning means input in a manner that compensates for the non-linearity of the frequency versus voltage characteristic of the tuning means to provide a substantially constant automatic frequency control pull-in range throughout the frequency range of interest.

Abstract: A horizontal deflection system with a transformer coupled driver including separate turn-on and turn-off drivers coupled to first and second input windings of the driver transformer is shown. The output winding of the driver transformer is loosely coupled to the first input winding to provide a sawtooth drive current to the horizontal output transistor sufficient to maintain the horizontal output transistor in saturation without wasting excessive power. The output winding is tightly coupled to the second input winding to provide a sharp turn-off pulse to the horizontal output transistor.

Abstract: A horizontal deflection system with a transformer coupled driver including separate trace and retrace drivers coupled to an input winding or windings of the driver transformer is shown. A feedback or pulse forming means is connected from the transformer to the input of the retrace driver for providing a pulse to the retrace driver in response to termination of the trace drive signal by the trace driver.

Abstract: A vertical deflection system including a driver circuit energized by a voltage source having a sufficient magnitude to provide a trace deflection signal to the vertical deflection winding and a retrace voltage source switched into the circuit with the vertical deflection winding to provide adequate voltage for effecting vertical retrace of the electron beam deflection in a cathode ray tube is disclosed.