Abstract: An engine turbocharger includes a turbine housing having wastegate passages integral therewith and a cartridge wastegate valve including a ported stationary bushing and a ported tubular valve member rotatable in the bushing to close or open wastegate flow. The arrangement provides simplicity of manufacture and installation as well as a self-cleaning valve design that is unbiased by exhaust gas pressures and thus requires a minimum of operating force.

Abstract: Internal combustion engine pistons are provided with aluminum bodies with highly insulative ceramic inserts cast in place in the upper combustion chamber defining wall. In each of the disclosed embodiments, the ceramic insert has tapered edges to dovetail the insert in place. A fibrous ceramic cushioning layer applied around the insert edge before casting distributes cooling stresses and allows limited relative expansion and contraction of the aluminum body and ceramic insert without overstressing either of the members. Other features are also included.

Abstract: An automotive vehicle having a turbocharged internal combustion engine and a heat initiated exhaust treatment device, such as a catalytic converter, in the exhaust system is provided with a multiple function turbine bypass valve with controls that provide bypass of the exhaust gases directly to the treatment device during warm-up and also provide a boost controlling wastegate function that limits the turbocharger boost pressure during normal operation. Full throttle bypass override to provide turbocharger boost during warm-up as well as other control and operating functions are also disclosed.

Abstract: A low friction oil control piston ring for an internal combustion engine has a cylinder engaging outer surface of shallow wave-like configuration having a plurality of spaced cylinder engaging annular ridges smoothly blended with intermediate shallow valleys connected by oil passages with the interior of the ring. The number and size of the oil passages and their positioning along the sides of the valley walls are selected to provide a balance between friction reducing oil pressure development on the ring face and the ring oil scraping efficiency. Radial grooves may be provided in the ring upper surface as flow paths for engine blowby gases.

Abstract: A diesel engine mechanical governor is disclosed having various novel features including a fuel modulating and maximum and minimum speed controlling cam plate and follower mechanism which connects the governor speed responsive actuating mechanism with the fuel rack actuating means to modify the effect of the manual fuel control means in a predetermined manner. The disclosure also includes novel rocking flyweight mechanism arranged to provide an output force as a function of rotational input shaft speed in which the exponential increase in centrifugal force upon outward rocking of the flyweights is partially offset to provide a more gradual increase in force with a corresponding increase of speed.

Abstract: Airflow through a sharply curved engine cylinder exhaust port is increased by the provision of a flow guide comprising a smoothly curved free standing bump on the floor of the port's exit portion rising smoothly upward from a sharply curved wall portion near the throat and then declining smoothly into the floor of the exit portion. The bump is configured to reduce turbulence in the fast flowing central mass of exhaust gases flowing through the port while providing increased laminar flow area for gases to flow along the port wall surfaces.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided with stiffening side wall ribs which are lightened by the provision therein of internal passages that alternatively cooperate with cylinder head passages to provide oil drains from the valve chambers to the oil sump or provide mounting means for an oil level indicating gauge rod. The oil gauge mounting provision includes an angled uniplanar passage in the cylinder block wall aligned with a cylinder head boss and oil pan mounted guide member as well as additional features.

Abstract: A highly conformable cylinder head gasket, especially for diesel engines, in which a steel carrier plate has plural cylinder openings surrounded by raised high shear compression beads formed by partially shearing the metal more than 25 percent but not more than about 50 percent of the carrier plate thickness. The edges of the cylinder openings and the compression beads are covered by a stainless steel wrap of interconnected rings formed from a single sheet, while the edges of the gasket and other fluid conducting openings are sealed with a composition material applied to the carrier plate and having portions precompressed to leave a narrow non-precompressed sealing bead at the desired areas.

Abstract: Diesel exhaust filter and incineration control systems are disclosed which provide intake throttling of the diesel engine as a primary means of raising exhaust temperature in the filter for the periodic burn-off of collected particulates. Various embodiments and supplemental means of increasing exhaust temperatures are also disclosed.

Abstract: Constructions for fabricated sheet metal engine main bearing caps are disclosed having certain common features including provision of a bearing flange member formed from a single sheet and a supporting base member which is fabricated from at least one formed metal sheet, with in an alternative embodiment the addition of separate pieces, to define spaced columns connected by dual webs and an end plate comprising a strong relatively light structure.

Abstract: An engine timing chain snubber comprises a pair of guide shoes fixedly supported on the engine block and extending in line-to-line nondeflecting contact with the inner sides of unsupported chain portions between drive and driven sprockets. The guide shoes prevent movement of the chain runs inwardly of their tensioned positions and thus prevent chain oscillation or vibration.

Abstract: The exhaust of unburned hydrocarbons from an internal combustion engine is reduced by selective venting of unburned air-fuel mixture trapped in the piston-cylinder crevice volume in advance of each engine exhaust stroke. Exemplary venting means disclosed include (1) a bypass channel in the cylinder wall which bypasses the piston rings and connects the crevice volume with the engine crankcase in the lower portions of the piston stroke and (2) a cylinder pressure actuated valve controlled bypass passage in the piston which accomplishes a similar function. Location of the bypass channel or passage near to the exhaust valve permits the selective retention of unburned hydrocarbon containing mixture distant from the exhaust valve and thus unlikely to be discharged in the exhaust process. Bypassed mixture is recycled from the crankcase to the inlet manifold with the engine blowby gases for combustion in the cylinders.

Abstract: An engine turbocharger includes a bearing housing, which supports a rotor shaft carrying turbine and compressor impellers on opposite ends of the shaft, and enclosed by turbine and compressor housing members secured to the bearing housing and defining therewith fluid inlet and outlet passages for the turbine and compressor. The turbocharger is provided with an integral wastegate including (1) a poppet valve supported by the turbine housing and controlling bypass passages in the housing between the turbine inlet and outlet passages and (2) an actuating piston in the compressor housing exposed through internal passage means to gas pressure in the compressor outlet and engagable with the poppet valve stem so as to urge the valve in an opening direction as a function of compressor outlet pressure. The shaft bearing lubrication and cooling passages are arranged to also lubricate the wastegate valve stem and spring.

Abstract: An arrangement of dual element alternate flow exhaust cleaner and burner device for diesel engines is disclosed which provides trapping of particulates in the engine exhaust gases by their passage through either of the two elements. Collected particulates of carbon and other combustibles in the other nonactive element are electively incinerated by excess air or oxygen containing gas heated by a suitable burner or heater device. The incinerated products from the inactive element are redirected into the exhaust stream to pass through the active element for the cleansing of particulates remaining from the burnoff process before discharge.

Abstract: Airflow through a sharply curved engine cylinder inlet port is increased by provision of a flow detector comprising a particularly shaped free standing bump on the floor of the port's entrance portion and appropriately spaced from the sharply curved wall leading to the port's throat portion. Fairing of a valve guide protrusion in the port roof is also provided to further direct the airflow.

Abstract: A piston having a floating wedge carried in a recess of the skirt for limited axial movement. Reciprocation of the piston shifts the wedge position between upper and lower extremes, reducing the effective piston clearance in its cylinder during the upper portions of its stroke, thus reducing lateral piston motion and resulting piston slap caused noise.

Abstract: An engine driven vacuum pump combining a two-stage, low noise demountable pump assembly with a camshaft driven eccentric drive arrangement having internal oil distribution and pumping means for lubricating the drive and pump pushrod elements. A check valve in the cover of the pump assembly defines a second stage pumping chamber which increases pump efficiency while at the same time cyclically closing the pump outlet to reduce external noise attributable to gas discharge from the primary pumping chamber.

Abstract: A vent and pressure relief system for locomotive fuel tanks includes a short standpipe supporting a baffled overflow vessel connected with a drain conduit. The standpipe is made high enough to prevent the overflow of the fuel therefrom during all operating and braking conditions of the locomotive, except for the moment of high deceleration which occurs only at the instant of a full stop. The overflow vessel is made large enough to contain any overflow of fuel from the standpipe occurring during a full stop, and includes baffling to prevent the loss of fuel out the drain conduit and fuel return means to return spilled fuel to the tank. The standpipe, overflow vessel and drain conduit are made large enough to provide an overflow path that prevents tank overpressure when filling, should the automatic equipment of the filling station fail to cut off when the fuel tank is full.

Abstract: An enclosure spanning circuit for carrying fluids through opposed nonparallel walls of an enclosure used in a preferred embodiment to drain the open valley cover and manifold member of a V-type automotive diesel engine through a drain tube extending through walls of the valley cover and engine block and the crankcase enclosure and having sealing means at the associated wall openings to prevent leakage of the drained fluids into or crankcase vapors out of the engine crankcase.

Abstract: A mixed cycle engine has a divided combustion chamber including a turbulence prechamber in which fuel is mixed with air and burned upon injection at compression ratios preferably between those of conventional diesel and gasoline engines. To provide positive ignition of the injected fuel, a small antechamber is provided which contains a spark plug and the fuel injection nozzle and is connected to the prechamber by an orifice through which the nozzle is arranged to direct the charge of fuel into the prechamber. The orifice is sized so that air flow passing from the prechamber to the antechamber near the end of the compression stroke peels off some of the fuel at the beginning of injection and carries it into the antechamber, forming a combustible mixture which is easily ignited by the spark plug in the relatively quiescent antechamber.