Abstract: Milli-Kelvin temperature control in an air chamber by use of coarse and fine temperature control systems, and through the use of structure for handling air flow within the chamber. The coarse control system provides enough heating or cooling power to hold the chamber temperature at a value near, but below, the desired operating temperature, thus leaving a small differential to be made up by the fine control loop. The coarse control has a fairly large thermal time constant (in the order of tens of seconds). The fine control loop has a very fast response time (in the order of fractional seconds). This fast response time is achieved by the use of a heater having minimal thermal mass, a fast response sensor, and a high precision controller. Air circulation within the chamber is forced by an in-line assembly of a number of high volume blowers, all having a common shaft, driven by a constant speed motor.

Abstract: A quantitative visual test measures the rate at which an individual is able to complete a defined visual task, either on paper or on a self illuminated screen. The task involves comparing a plurality of similar appearing numbers to determine if they are an exact match within predetermined levels of time. Inability to complete the test within the predetermined level of time indicates the likelihood that the individual will exhibit visual stress and dyslexia. Individuals under such stress are then remediated by the use of adjusted lighting environments sometimes including other visual aids.

Abstract: In thermally insulating glass, an improved spacer is made with material and designed to be less thermally conductive then conventional metal spacers by providing a complete thermal brake between metallic side support members so that no metallic path is provided across the insulating material. The insulating material contains a moisture absorbent.

Abstract: A pleasant tasting antimicrobial mouthwash formulation which maintains clarity for removal of dental plaque where no alcohol, sugar, artificial sweeteners are used making it suitable for safe use by alcoholics, diabetics, persons under medical treatment or taking medications which prelude the use of alcohol, hospitalized patients, prison inmates, minors and all other persons who can not or should not subject themselves to alcohol, sugar, or artificial sweeteners. The formulation consists of water, glycerin, sodium benzoate, cetylpyridinium chloride, citric acid, maltol, xylitol, a flavoring agent to give a pleasant though biting taste, and a coloring agent.

Abstract: A quantitative visual test measures the rate at which an individual is able to complete a defined visual task, either on paper or on a self illuminated screen. The task involves comparing a plurality of similar appearing numbers to determine if they are an exact match within predetermined levels of time. Inability to complete the test within the predetermined level of time indicates the likelihood that the individual will exhibit visual stress and dyslexia. Individuals under such stress are then remediated by the use of adjusted lighting environments sometimes including other visual aids.

Abstract: In thermally insulating glass, an improved spacer is made with material and designed to be less thermally conductive then conventional metal spacers by providing a complete thermal brake between metallic side support members so that no metallic path is provided across the insulating material. The insulating material contains a moisture absorbent.

Abstract: A quantitative visual test measures the rate at which an individual is able to complete a defined visual task, either on paper or on a self illuminated screen. The task involves comparing a plurality of similar appearing numbers to determine if they are an exact match within predetermined levels of time. Inability to complete the test within the predetermined level of time indicates the likelihood that the individual will exhibit visual stress and dyslexia. Individuals under such stress are then remediated by the use of adjusted lighting environments sometimes including other visual aids.

Abstract: A safety razor having two independent separate shaving heads for shaving with and against the grain by pulling the handle of the razor across a working surface, then turning the handle about its longitudinal axis and using the other head by pushing the handle to shave against the grain. The shaving head used by pulling is mounted at an angle with respect to the handle and the head used by pushing is mounted substantially parallel to the handle.

Abstract: Certain GaAs FET devices are employed to accomplish low noise performance and simultaneous high power handling capability, i.e. high dynamic range performance, in an amplifier using larger GaAs FET devices. Such devices are incorporated in different circuit configurations to achieve amplifiers having, simultaneously, a low noise figure, higher input/output intercept performance, higher output power, and improved ruggedness toward high input interfering signals, while not sacrificing other highly desirable terminal characteristics, (i.e. gain, VSWR, etc.).

Abstract: A surgical apparatus having a handpiece, a vibration source with the handpiece for generating mechanical vibrations in response to current supplied thereto, and elongated hollow tool operatively associated with the vibration source and attached to the handpiece at a point where essentially no vibrational motion occurs, the tool extending away from the handpiece to the cement to be removed. A method removing cement using the surgical apparatus by applying the tool to the cement and thereby applying mechanical vibration to the cement causing the cement to melt. Removing the cement by suction through the hollow elongated tool. Additional alternate method steps include rotating the tool to apply shear forces to the cement being removed, cooling and damping lateral vibrations at the tool end, and irrigating the cement while melting and removing it.

Abstract: A vise for clamping and firmly holding allograph in place includes three adjustments which are accessible to the operating room staff from and within the sterile surgical field. The first adjustment includes a clamp to clamp the invention onto the standard operating room table. This first adjustment includes a clamp tightening handle and pivoting underside clamping surface which enables the vise to be mounted onto the operating table and secured onto the table by manipulations from above the surface of the operating room table and therefore, within the sterile field. The second adjustment includes an additional adjusting handle for angularly positioning the vise grip. The third adjustment includes another adjusting handle for opening and closing the vise. A variety of special purpose face plates for the two elements of the vise are provided to accommodate different surgical requirements. These face plates are removably inserted into the elements of the vise.

Abstract: A grating type pipe covering and protector which can be located either within the interior of a pipe or be attached to the outer walls of the pipe at its exit or its entrance openings includes a grating protector employing a two part grating covering having a common support about which both grating portions can pivot onto each other. Both parts of the grating covering have means thereon for affixing the grating to the walls of the culvert pipe.

Abstract: Instruments are readable in either feet or meters by printing a metric altitude scale on the inner surface of a rotating protective crystal that shields the English altitude scale and the indicating needle. The metric altitude scale covers 1,000 meters and extends 33.7.degree. beyond a full circle. A series of kilometer index marks is formed at intervals of 33.7.degree. on the face of a bezel which surrounds the English scale. To use the metric scale, the user holds the bezel to align the index arrow line with the appropriate kilometer index mark, according to the user's elevation. Subsequently, if the needle moves beyond either limit of the metric scale, it is only necessary to rotate the crystal 33.7.degree. in the appropriate direction, thereby aligning the "0" meter line with the adjacent index mark.

Abstract: An altimeter instrument is provided with display means which is locked or unlocked as a function of the output of a sensor which indicates whether the instrument or the apparatus whose altitude the instrument is sensing is in motion or about to be placed in motion or is stationary for a more than a predetermined period of time.

Abstract: A solid state circuit protector is comprised of a coil winding, a latching type Hall effect device, and a solid state switching network including an NPN bipolar junction transistor with a current limiting resistor. Other types of solid state switches can be employed instead of or in addition to the bipolar junction transistor.

Abstract: Precipitation (conversion) of dissolved heavy metals in waste effluents is achieved with the addition and mixing of a solution of sodium polythiocarbonate with a solution containing dissolved heavy metals. The solution of sodium polythiocarbonate has been pH buffered to a pH of 12.5 or less in the manufacturing process. Precipitation of the dissolved heavy metals with the buffered sodium polythiocarbonate is complete by the formation of a stable, unleachable [as defined in 40 CFR 190.01, Part 261 Appendix II (Code of Federal Regulations)], extremely insoluble metallic polythiocarbonate particle.

Abstract: A magnetically operated circuit protector utilizing magnetizable reed contacts, primarily reed switches, in combination with a network of coil windings which results in positive trip and reset action, arc suppression, local and remote trip indication, overcurrent and overvoltage protection, operable in alternating and direct current systems, remote turn-on and turn-off, trip time of 50 to 100 microseconds, miniature size, automatic reset, and especially suitable for protecting sensitive electronic systems and instruments.

Abstract: Circuit protectors employing a reed switch or electromechanical switching device, has a primary coil connected in series with it. Two resistors are connected across the switch/device and series connected primary coil. A secondary coil is connected across the load to the juncture of the two resistors. The primary and secondary coils are concentric windings. The switch/device is open when there is no power supplied. Thus, the two resistors and the secondary coil are connected to the load. The values of the two resistors and the secondary coil are chosen so that the coil current increases when the power supply is turned ON. When the load reaches approximately 80% of its full level, the magnetic flux generated by a secondary coil winding is sufficient to cause the switch or device contacts to close. As the load reaches its normal state, the secondary coil continues to hold the contacts closed.

Abstract: A brush has a hole formed at the end of its handle. The hole cooperates with flexible prongs which interfit within the hole to removably engage and support the brush. The flexible prongs are attached to a combined bottle cap/cup which is utilized in combination with a liquid bottle. The cap/cup interfits over the mouth of the bottle in any of the usual ways as by threaded or frictional engagement with the mouth. The cup/cap may be formed in the shape of an ellipse so that it can also serve as an enlarged handle for the brush in that the brush is used without removing same from the cap/cup. In another embodiment, the cup/cap takes the form of an attachment which overfits a bottle and cap so that it can be employed as an attachment to existing packages without the necessity of modifying the existing packaging design and structure. The brush is attached to an overlay of an elongated shape of a size such that the brush hangs along the sides of the bottle.