Abstract: The key ring attachable lighter holding shell with flexible holding flaps is a shell-shaped holder into which a reusable lighter or a disposable lighter may be inserted and held securely, yet can also be taken out and replaced again, and it may be attached to a key ring or key chain in order to help prevent a person from losing a lighter as long as the keys are not lost.

Abstract: A propulsion system to provide silent firing of a mortar weapon using standard and nonstandard mortar tubes or launch assemblies has been invented. The system utilizes a precision rupture disc mechanism to control combustion and energy release to effect consistent operation. The gases generatedd by combustion of the propellant charge are contained by the rupture disc which insures uniform and efficient propellant combustion. After rupture of the disc at a prescribed pressure, the projectile is accelerated by the expanding gases through the action of a piston on the warhead. The gases are retained within the projectile after accelerating the projectile, preventing release of high pressure gas and resulting in a silent launch condition.In a first embodiment the warhead and piston moves first and then the heavier cylinder is moved. In a second embodiment the cylinder moves with the warhead and picks up the lighter piston.

Abstract: The weapon bolt is driven rearward by gas pressure from a blank cartridge with the reaction being transmitted to the weapon frame through a spigot inserted through the barrel and attached to the weapon muzzle. Power is thereby provided to perform cycling of the weapon.

Abstract: A vehicle washing mitt having a tubular sleeve of non-abrasive material for wiping a vehicle with cleaning materials. The user's hand fits into the inner end of the sleeve and a mild abrasive material cannot accidentally scrape the vehicle surface. When the washing mitt is deliberately manipulated, the mild abrasive material engages the more difficult soiled spots on the vehicle.

Abstract: A cartridge soft feed mechanism for presenting the cartridge to the chamber of a gun in such a way that the axis of the cartridge experiences no lateral or angular movement during chambering. The cartridge is telescoped into the chamber without ramping, reducing the probability of damage to the cartridge and reducing the chance of a chambering stoppage. The barrel is moved to a position and at such an angle during chambering that the cartridge is moved directly forward into the chamber, and then the barrel with the cartridge is moved into alignment with the moveable bolt for firing.

Abstract: This weapon has an axially moveable bolt which is removed from the path of an incoming cartridge so that the cartridge can be moved from its feed position directly along the axis of the bore into the gun chamber. After the bolt "disappears" from the path of the incoming ammunition, it then reappears behind the cartridge to move it along the barrel axis.

Abstract: As the primary mass is driven by gas trapped from the barrel of a weapon being fired, it unlocks the bolt and carries it rearward to start the cycling action to operate the weapon. Until the bolt is unlocked a smaller area of the primary mass is exposed to the gases and a larger area is used after the unlocking and the secondary mass is contacted.

Abstract: Concrete pouring and leveling devices and method of using them consisting of vertically placed rigid cylindrical tubes or pipes having reusable yokes inserted at their tops to support screed pipes placed horizontally along the predetermined desired elevation of the concrete surface.

Abstract: The use of ophthermometers in a new field of ophthermology in the passive detection of thermal discrepance in the eyes of a person and its relation to health impairment and/or alcohol and drug abuse. Ophthermology has many uses. It can be used to initially establish a baseline or normal temperature for reference in identifying future eye problems. Readings can be taken from the pupil iris area or the white of the eye from the optic nerve to the cornea. Taking eye temperature before eye surgery can determine whether blood flow is adequate to permit surgery. Eye surgery can be monitored to determine the extent surgical wounds have healed and when the cease medication. Eye temperature readings can determine the fit of contact lenses, especially in fitting abnormal distorted corneas. Eye socket temperature can be measured to detect infection after traume of eye removal. Eye temperature differential can indicate reduced carotid flow and early detection of risk of stroke.

Abstract: A conveyer line straightener having a pair of laterally spaced bumpers contractable by conveyer items wherein the bumper first contacted by the item retains it until the second bumper is contacted after which both bumpers release the item.