Abstract: A natural wax-containing ink jet ink for use in an ink jet apparatus which features good print quality. The ink jet ink is discharged from the ink jet ink apparatus at elevated temperatures above ambient.

Abstract: A heterologous ink composition for use in an ink jet apparatus features two miscibly incompatible components made compatible by the use of a common solvent having misability for both aqueously and non-aqueously miscible components. The heterologous ink composition derives its print quality characteristic from the non-aqueously miscible component and its good jetability and samll dot size from its aqueously miscible component.

Abstract: A visbreaker, letdown valve is featured which maintains a smooth flow of furnace effluent. Liquid passing through the throat of the valve is throttled, and a portion is caused to flash to vapor. The valve is designed to allow for subsonic flow of the vapor under all process conditions. A quenching fluid is also added to the liquid passing through the throat in order to cool the liquid.

Abstract: The invention is for a fixed bed reactor with two phase gas and liquid flow. The reactor has at least one auxiliary bed of solid particles disposed above the main bed of solid particles. The auxiliary bed has separate liquid and gas bypasses comprised of hollow tubing extending through the auxiliary bed to a distributor tray. A liquid layer on the tray provides a liquid seal above the liquid bypasses, thereby preventing gas from bypassing along with the liquid. This feed arrangement allows for a low pressure drop bypassing of the auxiliary bed, when the auxiliary bed becomes fouled and clogged. The invention is also applicable to other apparatuses which use a flow arrangement similar to fixed bed reactors, but which do not necessarily utilize a chemical reaction. One example of such apparatus is a packed absorption tower having co-current downflow of gas and liquid.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell construction features a novel co-extruded plastic electrode in an interleaved construction with a novel integral separator-spacer. Also featured is a leak and impact resistant construction for preventing the spill of corrosive materials in the event of rupture.

Abstract: Electrochemical systems having a plurality of cells which are hydraulically and electrically connected in series develop shunt currents in the electrolyte of adjacent cells. The shunt currents are reduced or eliminated by the placing of an electrical bypass across two adjacent intercell conduits, and applying a protective current through the electrical bypass in a direction of the shunt currents and of a magnitude that can effectively reduce the shunt currents.

Abstract: A high photo-conversion efficiency indium oxide/n-silicon heterojunction solar cell is spray deposited from a solution containing indium trichloride. The solar cell exhibits an Air Mass One solar conversion efficiency in excess of about 10%.

Abstract: The invention features an electrochemical cell having two fluid-containing compartments separated by a non-selective microporous membrane. Select ions which would normally pass through the membrane under the influence of an ionic field, are prevented from passing through the membrane by a polyelectrolyte which has migrated through the compartment fluid to the membrane. The polyelectrolyte acts as an ionic barrier to the passage of select ions, thus effectively increasing the ion-selective capability of the membrane and, hence, the coulombic efficiency of the electro-chemical cell.

Abstract: A low coking pitch suitable for carbon artifact manufacture, especially carbon fiber manufacture, is obtained by heat soaking and vacuum stripping the distillate recovered from cat cracker bottoms. Preferably a cat cracker bottom distillate boiling in the range of about 450.degree. C. to 510.degree. C. at 760 mm Hg is heat soaked at about 350.degree. C. to about 500.degree. C. for up to about 20 hours and then vacuum stripped at below 400.degree. C.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for fluid jet printing features a triode structured charge injection system. The ink jet system is not dependent upon the conductivity of the ink fluid to form and target the ink fluid. Two electrodes are in contact with the ink liquid and they are submerged in the fluid. One electrode is an emitter and serves to field emit charge into the liquid in response to a voltage between it and the other electrode. Depending upon the electrical mobility of the ink fluid, the injected charge will be trapped in the liquid. The liquid is then forced from an orifice and can be made to undergo break-up into droplets similar to inductively charged inks. The paper or target upon which the droplets impinge functions as a third electrode, returning the charge and completing the circuit. The ink may also be propelled as a charged column, which column can be directed by an extraneous electrical field for targeting upon the printing paper.

Abstract: A light-weight, high-strength composite pin for use in pin-jointed reciprocating mechanisms and a method of preparation thereof is provided. Basically, the pin has a tubular metal sleeve and an interior fiber-reinforced resin core. At least 50% of the fibers in the core are continuous fibers which are oriented at a predetermined specific angle of orientation ranging, in general, from 0.degree. to about .+-.25.degree.. Indeed, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fibers are cross-plied at an angle of orientation of from about 5.degree. to about 12.degree..

Abstract: A solar cell is provided which has a front electrode which wraps around the edge of the cell and onto a portion of the back of the cell. A second electrode is also provided on the back of the cell thereby permitting all electrical connections to be made on one side of the cell. A method for making such a cell also is disclosed.

Abstract: An ink jet composition and method of applying same is featured providing exceptionally good print quality on a wide range of printing papers. The ink composition includes a mixture of oleic acid in an approximate weight of from 20 to 80 percent of the total mixture and a dye in a dye solvent. The mixture is jetted at a temperature of approximately 135.degree. F. The average dot circularity for a dot jetted upon the paper is approximately 0.7 or better.

Abstract: A breakaway pipeline coupling is described which comprises first and second pipe sections forming a fluid seal and designed to separate at a predetermined axial load. A plurality of piston and cylinder pressure compensating devices are arranged around the exterior of the pipe sections to hold them together until separation.Shear pins or shear studs passing between the pipeline sections will fail when the coupling is subjected to an external tensile force exceeding the predetermined maximum force. The pressure compensating devices apply a compression load on the coupling to counteract the tension load exerted by internal pressure in the pipeline. The pressure compensating devices included pistons movable axially within cylinders in response to pressure differentials, and porting or tubing for exposing one side of the piston to the internal pressure within the coupling.

Abstract: A photovoltaic device having characteristics of a high efficiency solar cell comprising a Cu.sub.x O/n-Si heterojunction. The Cu.sub.x O layer is formed by heating a deposited copper layer in an oxygen containing ambient.

Abstract: A voltage regulator for use in photovoltaic charging of storage batteries includes a temperature compensated reference voltage. The circuitry of the invention permits fixed temperature coefficient and variable temperature coefficient temperature compensated regulation.The voltage regulator comprises an operational amplifier including a linearly temperature dependent current source coupled to an input terminal of said operational amplifier and a voltage source having a selectable voltage which is connected to another input of said operational amplifier, said reference voltage circuit being operable to provide a reference voltage about equal to a maximum charging voltage for said batteries;a comparator for comparing said reference voltage with an output voltage of said photovoltaic array; anda switch responsive to said comparator to inhibit charging whenever said array output exceeds said reference voltage.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell construction features a novel co-extruded plastic electrode in an interleaved construction with a novel integral separator-spacer. Also featured is a leak and impact resistant construction for preventing the spill of corrosive materials in the event of rupture.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for dispensing a liquid additive to the surface of a receding liquid in a pressurized vessel, particularly for automatically dispensing a liquid oil spreading agent to the surface of ballast water contained in a pressurized tank of a cargo carrier having oil based material at least partially floating on the surface thereof.

Abstract: A load control link for limiting maximum dynamic loads in and preventing overstressing of tension members by absorbing some of the energy which causes such loads. The load control link comprises a cylindrical housing, a metal sleeve mounted over a shaft within the housing and a cutting collar mounted at one end of the housing and around the sleeve. The inside radius of the cutting collar is slightly less than the outside radius of the sleeve, and is shaped as a cutting edge. The load control link is connected in series with a tension carrying member, with the end of the shaft which extends through the cutting sleeve connected at one end, and the opposite end of the housing connected at the other end. As the tension load on the control link increases, the shaft tends to be withdrawn from the housing causing metal to be cut from the surface of the sleeve by the cutting collar. The shaft remains stationary in the housing as long as the tension load remains lower than that required to cut metal.

Abstract: A load control link for limiting maximum dynamic loads in and preventing overstressing of tension members by absorbing some of the energy which causes such loads. The load control link comprises a cylindrical housing, a metal sleeve mounted over a shaft within the housing and a cutting collar mounted at one end of the housing and around the sleeve. The inside radius of the cutting collar is slightly less than the outside radius of the sleeve, and is shaped as a cutting edge. The load control link is connected in series with a tension carrying member, with the end of the shaft which extends through the cutting sleeve connected at one end, and the opposite end of the housing connected at the other end. As the tension load on the control link increases, the shaft tends to be withdrawn from the housing causing metal to be cut from the surface of the sleeve by the cutting collar. The shaft remains stationary in the housing as long as the tension load remains lower than that required to cut metal.