Abstract: A particle separator and method for removing particles from an exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine. A prescribed number of flow cells are formed in the particle separator. The exhaust gas stream flows into and/or out of the flow cells via, as viewed in a main direction of flow of the exhaust gas stream, side wall regions of the flow cells. At least one storage space is formed in the flow cells for storing particles removed from the exhaust gas stream, which flows through at least portions of the particle separator.

Abstract: The Convenience Nectar Mixing and Storage Device consists of a container that is divided proportionately to allow for the precise measuring of the recommended sugar to water ratios used for nectar type bird and butterfly feeders. The device is adapted for supporting a movable or removable divider that separates the container into proportionate volumes, 4 to 1, 6 to 1, and 9 to 1 that correspond to the commonly recommended sugar to water ratios for hummingbird, oriole, and butterfly nectar feeders. The device allows for the water and sugar compartments to be filled to the same “line of sight” level to facilitate the making of precise nectar sugar to water ratios. Once the sugar and water compartments are filled to the same level, the divider is moved or removed to allow for mixing. In the preferred embodiment of the Convenience Nectar Mixing and Storage Devices, the container divider can be used as a stirring implement and lid to cover the container during storage.

Abstract: The Convenience Nectar Mixing and Storage Device consists of a container that is divided proportionately to allow for the precise measuring of the recommended sugar to water ratios used for nectar type bird and butterfly feeders. The device is adapted for supporting a removable divider that separates the container into proportionate volumes, 4 to 1, 6 to 1, and 9 to 1 that correspond to the commonly recommended sugar to water ratios for hummingbird, oriole, and butterfly nectar feeders. The device allows for the water and sugar compartments to be filled to the same “line of sight” level to facilitate the making of precise nectar sugar to water ratios. Once the sugar and water compartments are filled to the same level, the divider is removed to allow for mixing. In the preferred embodiment of the Convenience Nectar Mixing and Storage Devices, the container divider can be used as a stirring implement and lid to cover the container during storage.

Abstract: A simple device for use with nectar type bird feeders that effectively prevents ant and other insect contamination. In several embodiments, the device uses a disposable media that is coated with a non-drying adhesive. In application the device is either placed interposed between the nectar feeder and the feeder support or is adapted to securely fit over the feeder support. The insects (primarily ants) are prevented from contaminating the feeder as they will not cross the non-drying adhesive barrier. The replaceable adhesive media inserts and/or peel away layers can be very conveniently replaced as they become contaminated or dust covered. Alternatively (for ultimate consumer convenience) the device may be made completely disposable with the non-drying adhesive applied directly to the device interior surface(s).

Abstract: An automatic drive-through vehicle wash is provided in which the vehicle is conveyed, by means of a drive, along a conveying stretch between wash rotors arranged on both sides of the conveying stretch. A rotating cleaning element extends transversely to the feed direction of the vehicle and principally impacts the front, the hood, and the roof areas of the vehicle, as well as the trunk of the vehicle. The cleaning element is supported by two pivotable carry levers that, together with a tie rod and a lever arm, each form a parallelogram spacer bar. Counter-weights on extension arms of each parallelogram spacer bar ensure that the cleaning element is balanced relative to the vehicle in any position and contacts the vehicle with a set contact force.

Abstract: A method of removing first molecules adsorbed on the surfaces of a chamber and/or at least one object found in the chamber is provided. Second, polar molecules that have a desorptive effect on the first molecules are introduced into the chamber. The second molecules comprise nitrogen and hydrogen, and especially NH3 molecules.

Abstract: The inventive device for cleaning substrates, especially semiconductor wafers, comprises a treatment basin for receiving at least one substrate, a cover for sealing said treatment basin, a first feeding device for controllably feeding in a reactive gas, a second feeding device for controllably feeding in at least one moist fluid for promoting a reaction between the reactive gas and a deposit to be removed from the substrate and a control device for controlling the concentration of moisture in the treatment basin.

Abstract: A guitar bridge is provided which is mounted on a sounding board of a guitar body. In the bridge, a saddle-mounting region, on which a saddle for seating the guitar strings thereon is mounted, is formed to be thicker than the other portions around the saddle-mounting region. By lowering the height of the surrounding portions of the saddle-mounting region, the natural vibration of the sounding board of the guitar body is not impeded and simultaneously the guitar sound is improved owing to close adherence of the guitar strings to the saddle. The height of the bridge can be easily lowered when necessary because the interval between the guitar strings and the outer face of the neck has been widened because of use of the guitar for a long time, thereby causing trouble in playing the guitar. The external appearance of the guitar is visually improved because the guitar bridge is formed in three dimensions, and horizontal movement of the guitar strings on the bridge is prevented.

Abstract: The invention relates to structural components for the boiler zone of power plants or refuse incineration plants, especially tubes or nests of tubes, fin and diaphragm walls, that consist of steel or steel alloys, and is characterized by a continuous closed outer nickel or nickel alloy layer galvanically deposited having a layer thickness of approximately 1 to 5 mm, preferably 1 to 2.5 mm.

Abstract: A seating unit in a combat vehicle that is protected against mines is provided. The vehicle has a hull that is disposed on the chassis and that has at least one hatch in its roof plate that can be closed off by a hatch cover. The seating unit, which is disposed in the hull in the region below the hatch, is provided with a base on which is disposed a seat and that is suspended on the front or side wall and/or the roof plate of the hull via a tubular construction in such a way that the base is not at less than a prescribed spacing relative to the base of the hull. The tubular construction can comprise two guide tubes that extend parallel to one another and upwardly at an angle. The upper ends of the tubes are connected with the front wall, and the lower ends are suspended on the roof plate via connecting tubes. The base is displaceably disposed on the guide tubes via holding devices.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for monitoring the quality of lubricant that is in a gear mechanism or machine that contains effective materials. A sample of the lubricant or of the vapor that escapes from the lubricant is withdrawn from the gear mechanism or machine. The sample is conveyed to an ion mobility spectrometer, where materials present in the vapor phase above the lubricant are analyzed. The change of the content and of the type of the analyzed materials in the sample is utilized as the actual condition for the aging of the lubricant.

Abstract: According to the inventive method for determining the thickness of at least one layer provided on a substrate, the measurement can be constructed simply and reliably and a reliable measuring result can be obtained by measuring reflection—and/or transmission light intensity values of zero order in dependence on the wavelength and calculating said reflection—and/or transmission light intensity values using an iteration model which is dependent on the individual layer parameters. The layer parameters are altered in order to introduce a consistency between the measured values and the calculated values and the substrates have geometrical structures whose geometrical dimensions are used as further parameters of the iteration model. The inventive method also provides a means of determining the geometry of structures in the substrate, for example the depth, width and the repetition interval of grooves in a blank for geometrical storage media, such as CDs.

Abstract: A head mounted umbrella and a method thereof, which reduces its manufacturing cost and time and is stably held on a user's body without shaking, and which prevents a user's face from getting wet with rain water, and is hung on a hanger, is disclosed. The head mounted umbrella includes a hood part having a front opening, a body covering part manufactured in such a way that a circular basic cloth having a central opening and at least one cut radial portion is prepared, and adjacent radial edges of the basic cloth are coupled to each other to form a skirt shape, and the skirt-shaped cloth is coupled to a lower edge of the hood part, and an annular elastic ring is coupled to an outer peripheral edge of the body covering part by an attaching cloth strip.

Abstract: An apparatus for the thermal treatment of substrates is provided. The apparatus includes a reaction chamber, at least one elongated heat source, and at least one reflection wall that is disposed adjacent to the heat source and serves to reflect at least a portion of the radiation given off thereby. The reflection wall has at least one rib, and the heat source is disposed at an oblique angle to the longitudinal direction of the rib.

Abstract: A hand-held working tool has a housing and an internal combustion engine arranged in the housing and comprising a crankshaft and an air filter. A tool is driven by the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine. A fan housing is attached to the engine housing and has an air inlet. A fan wheel is arranged in the fan housing and is driven by the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine to supply cooling air, sucked in through the air inlet, to the internal combustion engine. The fan housing has a bottom extending radially to the crankshaft. The bottom and a side of the fan wheel facing the bottom define a chamber in the fan housing. The bottom has a combustion air outlet. A combustion air channel is connected to the combustion air outlet and to the air filter. The combustion air outlet is axially supplying combustion air from the chamber through the combustion air channel into the air filter of internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A device for producing a twisted yarn by an integrated or combined spinning and twisting process is provided and comprises a two-for-one twisting spindle with at least two spinning rotors, positioned within the yarn balloon produced by the twisting process, for producing the individual yarns to be twisted, into which spinning rotors the disentangled fiber material is supplied respectively by the fiber supply tubes, which are connected to the fiber material disentangling units. The fiber material disentangling units are combined to a single fiber material disentangling apparatus with common drive elements for the two disentangling units.

Abstract: Lighting optics is provided for lights of vehicles, preferably motor vehicles. The lighting optics has a light-refracting lens element that is disposed in the path of rays of at least one light. The lens element has at least one aperture through which a portion of the rays of the light passes without undergoing refraction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel injection device for combustion engines, preferably Diesel engines, with at least one pilot valve by means of which a control piston is displaceable by a pressure medium in order to convey fuel through at least one line/channel toward a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, whereby at least one accumulator is provided in the flow path of the fuel or the pressure medium, and an accumulator space is connected to the connecting line/channel for the fuel or the pressure medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pressure regulator for controlling a pre-injection quantity of fuel in internal combustion engines, preferably Diesel engines, with a control piston which is connected in a first position with a relief valve for producing a decreased pressure on an injection valve and which, in a second, subsequent position can be separated from the relief valve for producing a higher pressure.

Abstract: A horizontal cutting type-tapping machine has a vertically extending drive shaft and a pair of detachably engaged surface gears. The surface gears have a curved upper surface gear, fixedly connected to the drive shaft, and a lower surface gear. A gearbox is connected to the lower surface gear and converts a horizontal rotating force of the drive shaft to a vertical rotating force. An externally threaded shaft is horizontally mounted to a vertically rotating gear of the gearbox. An internally threaded sleeve is disposed in the gear housing of the gear box and engages the externally threaded shaft so as to be horizontally moved by rotation. A saw part is fixed to a front end of the internally threaded sleeve. An internal tube, mounted around the drive shaft, has a thread at its upper portion and a lower portion with a diameter smaller than that of the upper portion. A vertically moving sleeve is slidably mounted around the lower portion of the drive shaft.