Abstract: HF-containing vent gases, relief gases, CBM and polymers discharged from the alkylation zone of an HF alkylation process are contacted with water. Hydrogen fluoride is absorbed within the water, reacted with olefins, converted to organic fluorides and returned to the alkylation zone of the process. HF leaving the alkylation process in vent gases, relief gases, CBM and polymers is thereby recovered.

Abstract: Byproduct or waste gases, containing hydrogen fluoride, from an HF-catalyzed hydrocarbon alkylation process are contacted with a stream of liquid hydrocarbon essentially free from hydrogen fluoride. Hydrogen fluoride from the waste gases is absorbed within the liquid hydrocarbon and is returned to the process therewith. Resulting waste gases are of reduced hydrogen fluoride content, and the loss of hydrogen fluoride upon disposal of these gases is thereby reduced.

Abstract: A startup procedure for an alkylation process in which a stream of an olefinic material is mixed with an acid stream and polymerized to cause formation of a polymeric diluent for the high strength acid which is initially charged to the alkylation process. This quickly lowers the strength of the acid, which results in an improved alkylate quality, during the initial period of operation in which the prior art relies on the relatively slow natural buildup of alkylation reaction by-products as a diluent.

Abstract: Detergent-grade alkylate is produced by the HF-acid catalyzed reaction of aromatic hydrocarbons and an olefinic hydrocarbon. The process utilizes a unique fractionation facility for the recovery and use of an aromatic concentrate, and ultimate recovery of the detergent alkylate product. Integrated within the process is a combination stripping/fractionation column having a contact-condenser disposed therein.

Abstract: A control system for regulating the reaction zone temperature in a process for the acid-catalyzed alkylation of an isoparaffin with an olefinic feed stream containing mixed olefins. The reaction zone temperature is adjusted to obtain the optimum for a given feed composition, in order to maximize the octane rating of the ultimate normally liquid alkylate product. The control system effects rapid compensation for continuing changes in feed composition which, at a fixed reaction zone temperature, otherwise adversely affect the octane rating.

Abstract: A control system and method for regulating the reaction zone temperature in a process for the acid-catalyzed alkylation of an isoparaffin with an olefinic feed stream containing mixed olefins. The reaction zone temperature is adjusted to obtain the optimum for a given feed composition, in order to maximize the octane rating of the ultimate normally liquid alkylate product. The control system effects rapid compensation for continuing changes in feed composition which, at a fixed reaction zone temperature, otherwise adversely affect the octane rating.

Abstract: The normal paraffin feed stream to an integrated paraffin isomerization-HF acid-catalyzed alkylation process is treated for the removal of catalyst deactivating sulfur and nitrogen compounds and water by contacting the feed stream with liquid hydrofluoric acid. The treated feed stream is separated from the acid by gravity settling, charged to an alkylate fractionator, and passed through the isomerization process to form an isomerate which is returned to the alkylate fractionator and becomes a feed stream to the alkylation zone.