Abstract: The present invention provides a one way valve having a valve body, a wall, a fluid inlet, and a fluid outlet. The valve has a plunger which is moveable with respect to the valve body from a first position to a second position. The valve also has a diaphragm positioned in the valve body for movement between a third position and a fourth position when the plunger is in the first position. When the diaphragm is in the third position the fluid outlet is closed and when the diaphragm is in the fourth position the fluid outlet is open.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a solid-state image pickup device, including, a light receiving pixel section, a black level reference pixel section, a multi-layer wiring line section, a first light blocking film, a second light blocking film, a third light blocking film, and a fourth light blocking layer.

Abstract: To arrange diffusion-inhibitory films 5a, 5b, and 5c for inhibiting the diffusion of a wiring material absent in a region on or above a light receiving unit 2, the diffusion-inhibitory films 5a, 5b, and 5c formed on a region above the light receiving unit 2 are selectively removed. Alternatively, the diffusion-inhibitory films are arranged only on top surfaces of wirings 4a, 4b, and 4c, and only a passivation film 12 and interlayer insulating films 3a, 3b, and 3c are arranged in the region on or above the light receiving unit 2. Thus, with less interface between different insulation films and less reflection of incident light in an incident region, the incident light 13 highly efficiently passes through these insulating films and comes into the light receiving unit 2. The light receiving unit 2 can thereby receive a sufficient quantity of the incident light 13.