Abstract: Disclosure is made of a method employing real-time imaging techniques such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging in order to investigate the effect of air way structures or administration and respiratory drugs when administered by oral inhalation. The information obtained from the practice of this method yields the criteria that can be used, among other things, to design more efficient aerosol drug delivery systems which optimize the amount of medicine delivered to the lung.

Abstract: A filter backflushing system including an accumulator containing a pressurized bladder which propels a supply of backwash fluid contained within the accumulator in a reverse direction through a filter element. While the backwash fluid is pumped within the accumulator, an inert gas inside the bladder is compressed against the inside walls of the accumulator. Upon reaching a pressure of approximately 300-600 psi, the filtered fluid is released from the accumulator and the full energy of the compressed gas is released as well. This release produces a high pressure rapid burst of backwash fluid which effectively removes clogging contaminants from a filter element.

Abstract: There is provided an air-cylinder apparatus for use in a prosthetic limb capable of effectively adjusting the pressure characteristics over a wide range of walking speed. A second chamber 82 defined by a piston 113 is increased in pressure by air confined therein in accordance with the bending motion of the knee. Air is restricted from flowing out of the second chamber 82 by a constant throttle valve 140. In addition, the second chamber 82 is divided into plural chambers 821, 822 in accordance with increase in bending angle of the knee and air is restricted from flowing out of the newly divided chambers 821, 822 by throttle valves corresponding thereto. The division of the second chamber 82 is achieved by mutual engagement between a projection 1140b on the piston side and a recess 1127 on the bottom part of a cylinder body.

Abstract: A thermal protection system (TPM) for protecting a surface subject to high thermal load comprising a fiber substrate where the substrate is composed of woven or non-woven layers of fibers laminated together, or the substrate is formed by a process of three-dimensional weaving, wherein the fiber substrate has a variable density of fibers, with said density of fibers increasing across the thickness of the TPM, and further wherein the substrate is needled and coupled to an insulation backing.

Abstract: An industrial process fabric is embossed in a device, such as a continuously operating two-roll calender having a preselected embossing pattern. The roll(s) of the calender may alternatively themselves be engraved or etched to provide the embossing. Embossing takes place with controlled temperature, pressure, speed and gap (between the rolls) settings. The fabric may be a forming, press, dryer or TAD fabric used in paper and pulp production, pulp forming fabric or an engineered fabric used to produce nonwoven textile products by meltblowing, spunbonding, hydroentangling or air laid needle punching.

Abstract: To provides a technique capable of replenishing a working fluid smoothly while employing a method for replacing an atmospheric air with the working fluid. The reservoir apparatus (10) includes a main reservoir (20) having an inlet opening for feeding a hydraulic fluid, and an auxiliary reservoir (50) connecting thereto through a piping (30). There is a diagonally extending connecting pipe (60) at the auxiliary reservoir (50). There is a recessed portion (80) at an opening portion (64) of an inner periphery of the connecting pipe (60). This recessed portion (80), when compared with the case where there is no such a recessed portion, serves to enlarge the opening portion (64) of the connecting pipe (60) and more smoothly flow the replenishment working fluid at a nearby area of the opening portion (64).

Abstract: A permeation cell for the in vitro determination of the permeation of pharmaceutical active ingredients through the skin, having a donor chamber (34) and an acceptor chamber (4) that is separable therefrom, a window lying between them for receiving sealingly a skin membrane and sealingly closable filling and emptying openings at both chambers, characterized in that the acceptor chamber (4) is in the form of a cylindrical vessel that is upright during operation, having a closure (8; 50; 80) at its upper end and a side window opening (6) in the region near its base, and the donor chamber (34) is in the form of a connection piece that joins onto the acceptor chamber radially and can be closed at its outer end, with the exception of its closure (8; 50; 80) the acceptor chamber (4) is inserted removably into a housing (10) that fits closely around it, which housing has, in the region of the window opening (6) of the acceptor chamber, a corresponding slightly wider opening (30), and the connection piece forming the

Abstract: The disclosed synthesis system is based on the idea of designing a synthesis and treatment procedure, substrates and anchor groups which enable biomolecules to be simultaneously produced in an entirely automatic manner. By using a pipetting robot to dispense the reagents, the reaction column can be arranged in a format suitable for subsequent treatment. For a pipetting robot to carry out even water-sensitive or air-sensitive synthesis protocols, certain structural measures must be taken. The operation principle of the automated and the synthesis sequence are described below as an example of a possible solution. The automation can work with conventional substrates and reagents. Handling, however, is simplified by new, specially adapted substrates and anchor groups. A special, simultaneous purification and aliquot portioning process improves product quality and makes the device easier to use.

Abstract: A light, self-contained, hand held, ultrasonic surgical scalpel having a housing, an ultrasonic power source within the housing, to which ultrasonic vibrations are provided to a blade to which result in cutting features by lateral motion as well as by reciprocating motion imparted to the blades with said cutting action being adjustable.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the general formula I wherein A is a group of the formula and Z is an O or S atom, to the further processing thereof to form novel sec-amidoalkylcarbonic acid derivatives and to those sec-amidoalkylcarbonic acid derivatives.

Abstract: An on-machine-seamable papermaker's fabric produced by modified endless weaving includes machine-direction (MD) and first cross-machine-direction (CD) yarns. The MD yarns weave continuously back and forth between the two widthwise edges of the fabric, each time forming a seaming loop at one of the two widthwise edges. The MD and first CD yarns are interwoven with one another in a first weave pattern. The fabric also includes systems of second and third CD yarns. The second CD yarns are interwoven with the MD yarns along one of the two widthwise edges of the fabric between the system of first CD yarns and the seaming loops in a second weave pattern which may be different from the first weave pattern. Likewise, the third CD yarns are interwoven with the MD yarns along the other of the two widthwise edges of the fabric between the system of first CD yarns and the seaming loops in a third weave pattern which may be different from the first weave pattern.

Abstract: A roof ventilator comprises a duct 1 having a symmetrical hood 3 supported at its apex 4 by bearing 10. In the absence of wind, hood 3 is spaced from the upper end 2 of duct 1 with its depending skirt 6 surrounding upper end 2 However, wind from any direction causes the hood to tilt so that skirt 6 is lowered on the windward side thus increasing the ventilation rate and thus positioning hood 3 to deflect wind and wind-borne material from the ventilator opening.

Abstract: Disclosure is made of a method for electronic polar attenuation of torque profile for positive displacement pumps by a processor where the attenuated torque profile is compared with the shaft displacement angle of the pump input shaft. The processor then signals a motor to power a pump with the result of pumping at a constant pressure at the full range of the designed system flow volume. In addition to the attenuated torque profile, the processor can also account for the response time of the pump drive, the motor inductive reactance, system inertia, application characteristics of the pump, and regenerative energy during deceleration of the pump.

Abstract: An on-machine-seamable papermaker's fabric has a base structure which is a flattened array of a spirally wound multicomponent yarn. The flattened array has two layers, two sides, a length, a width and two widthwise edges. In each turn of the spiral winding, the multicomponent yarn has a substantially lengthwise orientation and is joined side-by-side to those adjacent thereto by a fusible thermoplastic material in each of the two layers. The multicomponent yarn forms seaming loops along the two widthwise edges. At least one layer of staple fiber material is needled into one of the two sides of the base structure and through the two layers.

Abstract: Murine retroviruses are the most important transfer systems for human gene therapy. However, their application is currently limited. One of the major restrictions both for an application in vivo resides in the problem that this virus type is sensitive to inactivation by human complement factors. Our invention overcomes this limitation. We have modified murine recombinant retroviruses in a way that they are resistant to human complement factors. This was achieved by genetic modification of the retroviral surface protein env which is responsible for receptor interaction: the receptor interacting domain of env was fused to catalytically active domains of human complement inactivation factors. These modified env were expressed in complement-sensitive cells and specifically integrated into virus particles. By this strategy cells and viruses are generated that are fully resistant to complement attack.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to a gantry for an ion-optical system comprising an ion source and three bending magnets for deflecting an ion beam about an axis of rotation. A plurality of quadrupoles are also provided along the beam path to create a fully achromatic beam transport and an ion beam with different emittances in the horizontal and vertical planes. Further, two scanning magnets are provided between the second and third bending magnets to direct the beam.

Abstract: An unlaminated belt for a single-facer section of a corrugated board production line has a single base structure in the form of an endless loop lacking a seam. The base structure is made up of yarns oriented in the machine, or running, and cross-machine directions of the belt. At least one layer of staple fiber material is needled into the outside of the base structure, extends at least partly therethrough, and forms a layer on the outside of the base structure. The base structure, once so needled, is impregnated with a polymeric resin material. The yarns of the base structure, the staple fiber material and the polymeric resin material are all of high-temperature-resistant materials to enable the belt to withstand the conditions under which it must operate on a corrugator machine.

Abstract: A cylinder former having a variable hydraulic pulse whilst drainage, for use in papermaking comprising a drainage means comprising a cylinder mould and a contoured member adjacent the cylinder mould having a plurality of hills and valleys which force entrained liquid through the fiber suspension forming on the cylinder mould so as to improve sheet formation. A baffle is provided in the discharge portion of the former to prevent stock build-up therein.

Abstract: A resin-impregnated endless belt for a long nip press or calender of the shoe type, or for other papermaking and paper-processing applications, has a base support structure which includes coated elements, such as yarns, having a coating of a first polymeric resin material. The base support structure is in the form of an endless loop, at least one of the inner and outer surfaces of which is coated with a second polymeric resin material. The second polymeric resin material impregnates the structure of the base support structure, rendering it impermeable to oil and water. The first and second polymeric resin materials have an affinity for one another, so that the coating of second polymeric resin material on the base support structure as a whole establishes a chemical, as well as a mechanical, interlock with the coated yarns having the coating of first polymeric resin material.