Abstract: The invention pertains to an improved apparatus comprised of a monolith catalytic reactor having an inlet and an outlet and a static mixer having an inlet and an outlet thereto with the outlet of said static mixer in communication with the inlet of said monolith catalytic reactor. The invention also pertains to an improvement in a process for effecting a reaction in the monolith catalytic reactor wherein a reactant gas and reactant liquid are introduced to the inlet to the monolith catalytic reactor, reacted and, then, the reaction product passed through the outlet of the monolith catalytic reactor.

Abstract: The present invention provides for the production of stable aqueous dispersions of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymers, preferably at high solids, i.e., greater than 65 wt %, preferably >70% which are useful as adhesives. The vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer is comprised of polymerized units of vinyl acetate and ethylene in approximately 60-95 wt % and 5-40 wt % respectively. The copolymers are prepared by the emulsion copolymerization of vinyl acetate and ethylene monomers in the presence of a stabilizing system consisting essentially of (1) a poly(vinyl alcohol) which is 75-99+mole % hydrolyzed and has an average degree of polymerization ranging from 100-2200 and (2) a polyethylene glycol having a number average molecular weight of from 200 to 20,000.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing a laminate suited for use in producing disposable absorbent products comprising a nonwoven web formed from randomly dispersed fibers bonded with a crosslinked vinyl acetate/ethylene adhesive and a particulate polymeric absorbent entrapped within the laminate in fixed location by means of adhesively bonding the nonwoven web to itself or to another substrate, the improvement which comprises utilizing a nonwoven web incorporating an acrylic or vinyl acetate/ethylene adhesive having the following characteristics, and further, said nonwoven web adhesively bonded to itself or to another substrate through the crosslinked acrylic or crosslinked vinyl acetate/ethylene adhesive.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vinyl acetate based polymer latex composition obtained by emulsion polymerization, the polymer comprising PVOH, and a monomer mixture, said monomer mixture comprising vinyl acetate, and a pre-crosslinking monomer selected from one or more polyethylenically unsaturated compounds wherein said pre-crosslinking monomer is present in amount of less than 0.01% by weight based on the total monomer content and which pre-crosslinking monomer is initially charged to the polymerization reaction mixture. The invention further relates to use of the vinyl acetate based polymer latex in an adhesive, preferably a woodworking adhesive and to an adhesive, preferably a woodworking adhesive comprising said latex.

Abstract: The reaction of unsaturated carbonates such as vinyl ethylene carbonate with N-aminoethylimidazolidone (TAM) under mild conditions generates a mixture of two vinyl and hydroxy functional imidazolidone carbamates which polymerize readily into acrylate or vinyl acetate based emulsion polymers. The polymers show enhanced wet adhesion (wet scrubbability) in latex paints and coatings.

Abstract: This invention relates to process for carrying out gas-liquid reactions such as those employed in the hydrogenation or oxidation of organic compounds. In the catalytic reaction of a liquid reactant and a gaseous reactant to form a product, the improvement which comprises: pressurizing a liquid reactant and, then, introducing the resultant pressurized liquid reactant to a liquid motive gas ejector wherein it is mixed with the gaseous reactant. The mixture is passed to and reacted in a monolith catalytic reactor. The products are removed from the monolith catalytic reactor at a reduced pressure and, then introduced to a tank. The unreacted materials in the reaction product then are recirculated back to the ejector.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to improved flexibilized, plasticized polyvinyl chloride films bonded with a substrate by means of an aqueous based pressure sensitive acrylic adhesive emulsion polymers. Conventional emulsion based pressure sensitive adhesives were comprised of a copolymer comprised of polymerized units of acrylic esters and ethylenically unsaturated monomers, the copolymer having a Tg of from −15 to −70° C. The improvement in the aqueous based, emulsion polymerized pressure sensitive adhesives resides in the incorporation of polymerized units of a vinyl C8-13 ester of a neo-acid into the adhesive. The vinyl ester is formed from a mixture of propylene oligomers and such vinyl ester is represented by the chemical formula: C8-13H7-27CO2CH═CH2. Preferably, the adhesive includes units of methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and a carboxylic acid selected from acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.

Abstract: A single step wet oxidation process for treating wastewaters containing organic species, with or without heteroatoms, and anions of strong acids, e.g. sulfate or phosphate ion, or cations of strong bases, e.g., sodium, potassium or calcium ions, and which may contain ammonium ion and/or nitrate ion in addition to added ammonium ion and/or nitrate ion was developed which on thermal treatment near the critical temperature of water removes substantially all the COD and nitrogen through conversion to water, carbon dioxide or carbonate species, nitrogen gas and small amounts of nitrous oxide. Key to the success of the process is the balancing of all reducing species with an equivalent amount of oxidizing species and the balancing of all strong acid anions with strong base cations and including at least 0.06 acetate ion for moles of nitrate in the wet oxidation process.

Abstract: A single step wet oxidation process for treating wastewaters containing organic species, with or without heteroatoms, and anions of strong acids, e.g. sulfate or phosphate ion, or cations of strong bases, e.g., sodium, potassium or calcium ions, and which may contain ammonium ion and/or nitrate ion in addition to added ammonium ion and/or nitrate ion was developed which on thermal treatment near the critical temperature of water removes substantially all the COD and nitrogen through conversion to water, carbon dioxide or carbonate species, nitrogen gas and small amounts of nitrous oxide. Key to the success of the process is the balancing of all reducing species with an equivalent amount of oxidizing species and the balancing of all strong acid anions with strong base cations and including at least 0.06 acetate ion for moles of nitrate in the wet oxidation process.

Abstract: A single step wet oxidation process for treating wastewaters containing organic species, with or without heteroatoms, and anions of strong acids, e.g. sulfate or phosphate ion, or cations of strong bases, e.g., sodium, potassium or calcium ions, and which may contain ammonium ion and/or nitrate ion in addition to added ammonium ion and/or nitrate ion was developed which on thermal treatment near the critical temperature of water removes substantially all the COD and nitrogen through conversion to water, carbon dioxide or carbonate species, nitrogen gas and small amounts of nitrous oxide. Key to the success of the process is the balancing of all reducing species with an equivalent amount of oxidizing species and the balancing of all strong acid anions with strong base cations. The former ensures good removal of organic species, ammonium ion and nitrate ion. The latter ensures maintaining the pH in the range of from 1.

Abstract: This invention pertains to an improvement in a process for the formation of secondary or tertiary amines by the catalytic reductive amination of a nitrile with a primary or secondary amine and, particularly to the reductive amination of C8-20 nitrites with a secondary amine. The catalyst employed in the improved reductive amination process is one which has been promoted with a lithium salt or base, e.g., lithium chloride or lithium hydroxide.

Abstract: A process for the cyanoethylation of substituted cycloaliphatic vicinal diamines which comprises reacting acrylonitrile and a diamine in the presence water as catalyst. Cyanoethylated methylcyclohexylamines are readily prepared in the presence of water.

Abstract: A continuous emulsion polymerization process consisting of multiple stirred-tanks in series is used to produce a broad particle-size distribution for vinyl acetate-based emulsions utilizing polyvinyl alcohol as a protective colloid. When low-molecular-weight grades of PVOH and a continuous process are employed, a high-solids emulsion can be produced. This process eliminates the need for a co-surfactant, which is required to make similar high-solids emulsions via a batch process.

Abstract: This invention relates to improved vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymers emulsions polymerized in the presence of colloidal, nonionic, water dispersible polyurethanes. The improvement resides in polymerizing the vinyl acetate and ethylene in the presence of a costabilizer comprised of the colloidal, nonionic, water dispersible polyurethanes and a polyoxyethylene-polyalkylene glycol, a particularly polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene glycols.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improvement in a process for the catalytic hydrogenation of aromatic amines and to the resultant catalyst. The basic process for hydrogenating both mononuclear and polynuclear aromatic amines comprises contacting an aromatic amine with hydrogen in the presence of a rhodium catalyst under conditions for effecting ring hydrogenation. The improvement in the ring hydrogenation process resides in the use of a rhodium catalyst carried on a lithium aluminate support. Often ruthenium is included.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improvement in a disposable absorbent article such as a sanitary napkin, etc. having a liquid permeable cover sheet or cover sheet, optionally a distribution or transfer layer, an absorbent core and a liquid-impermeable backsheet. The improvement in the disposable absorbent article resides in an improved bond for generally continuous contact between the cover sheet and the transfer layer or absorbent core. Adhesion is effected by applying an adhesive binder to the top sheet with a print roller.

Abstract: This invention relates to improved vinyl acetate-based polymers which are formed by emulsion polymerizing vinyl acetate and other comonomers under conditions of free radical polymerization. The improvement resides in the stabilizer system, the stabilizer being a condensation product of a polyol having a weight average molecular weight of from 500 to 10,000 reacted with a diepoxide. An example is the reaction product of polyethylene glycol and the diglycidyl ether of Bisphenol A.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing an aminoalkylal derivative of polymer containing a plurality of polymerized vinyl alcohol units which are vicinal, preferably a process for producing the 4-aminobutyral of poly(vinyl alcohol). The improved process for the amino-acetalization of such polymers described herein comprises reacting a 5 of 6 member cyclic imine of the structure ##STR1## wherein n is an integer from 3 to 4 with the polymer containing a plurality of polymerized vinyl alcohol units. In a preferred reaction, 1,2-pyrroline is reacted with the polymer containing polymerized vinyl alcohol units under acidic conditions. Preferably the reaction is carried out by a slurry phase process employing a non solvent carrier such as methanol for the poly(vinyl alcohol). The reaction scheme for preparing the 4-aminobutyral of poly(vinyl alcohol) may be characterized by the following equation.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to improved aqueous based pressure sensitive adhesive emulsion polymers. Conventional emulsion based pressure sensitive adhesives are comprised of a copolymer comprised of polymerized units of acrylic esters and ethylenically unsaturated monomers, the copolymer having a T.sub.g of from -15 to -70.degree. C. The improvement in the aqueous based, emulsion polymerized pressure sensitive adhesives resides in the incorporation of a vinyl C.sub.8-13 ester of a neo-acid into the copolymer present in the pressure sensitive adhesives. Such vinyl ester is formed from a mixture of propylene oligomers and such vinyl ester is represented by the chemical formula C.sub.8-13 H.sub.17-27 CO.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2.

Abstract: Improved aqueous emulsion vinyl acetate-ethylene (VAE) polymer adhesives for use in packaging applications and on difficult to bond surfaces such as polyethylene, poly(ethylene terephthalate), and oriented polypropylene. The VAE polymers contain about 55-80 wt % vinyl acetate, 15-45 wt % ethylene, and 0-30 wt % of one or more additional ethylenically unsaturated copolymerizable monomer, based on the total weight of monomers. Cast films of the VAE emulsion polymers of this invention should have a tensile storage modulus (test frequency of 6.28 rad/sec) within the area encompassed by the following data points: 1.times.10.sup.5 and 2.times.10.sup.7 dynes/cm.sup.2 at 23.degree. C., and 1.times.10.sup.3 and 2.times.10.sup.6 dynes/cm.sup.2 at 70.degree. C.; preferably within the area encompassed by the following data points: 1.times.10.sup.6 and 1.5.times.10.sup.7 dynes/cm.sup.2 at 23.degree. C., and 3.times.10.sup.4 and 9.times.10.sup.5 dynes/cm.sup.2 at 70.degree. C.