Abstract: In general, in one aspect, the disclosure describes an apparatus that includes an inductive capacitive voltage controlled oscillator (LC VCO) to generate an output clock. A voltage to current converter is used to receive a forwarded clock and to inject the forwarded clock to the LC VCO. The output clock is a deskewed version of the forwarded clock.

Abstract: In general, in one aspect, the disclosure describes an apparatus that included a reference generator to receive a differential input signal and generate reference voltages having same common mode as the differential input signal. A replica bias generator is used to generate a bias signal based on the reference voltages. A comparator is used to compare the input signals to threshold voltages that are based at least in part on the bias signal.

Abstract: In general, in one aspect, the disclosure describes an apparatus including a first deskew unit and a second deskew unit. The first deskew unit operates at a first clock domain and provides fine timing adjustment to a signal. The second deskew unit operates at a second clock domain that is slower than the first clock domain and provide coarse timing adjustment to the signal.

Abstract: In general, in one aspect, the disclosure describes a simulator for emulating various types of device noise in time-domain circuit simulations. The simulator is capable of adding noise to transistors as well as passive elements like resistors. The simulator utilizes at least one current source in parallel to a device to emulate the noise. The current source generates a random current output to emulate the device noise based on a random Gaussian number and the standard deviation of the device noise. The noise standard deviation can be determined based on the noise power spectral density of the device having a particular bias at that simulation time and the update time. The simulator is capable of emulating any noise source with a constant or monotonically decreasing noise spectrum (e.g., thermal noise, flicker noise) by utilizing multiple current sources having different update steps. The simulator is compatible with standard circuit simulators.