Abstract: This invention is directed to oil-soluble acylated-nitrogen compositions having demulsifying characteristics obtained by reacting at least one carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid-producing compound having at least 8 aliphatic carbon atoms with an effective amount of at least one high molecular weight polyoxyalkylene polyamine; said polyamine having an average molecular weight of at least about 200. The acylated-nitrogen compositions of this invention are particularly useful as additives for a variety of oleaginous materials including, for example, lubricating oils, hydraulic fluids, lubricants, fuels, e.g., gasoline, diesel fuels, etc.

Abstract: Nitrogen- and sulfur-containing compositions are prepared by reacting an oil-soluble dispersant with a dimercaptothiadiazole such as 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole and subsequently reacting the intermediate thus formed with a carboxylic acid or anhydride containing up to about 10 carbon atoms and having at least one olefinic bond. The preferred carboxylic acid or anhydride is maleic anhydride. The compositions thus obtained are useful in lubricants as dispersants, extreme pressure agents, corrosion inhibitors and inhibitors of copper activity and "lead paint" deposition.

Abstract: Lubricant and fuel compositions characterized by improved demulsifying properties are disclosed, which properties are contributed substantially by an additive comprising a mixture of:(A) One or more reaction products of a hydrocarbon-substituted succinic acid or anhydride with one or more polyalkylene glycols or monoethers thereof,(B) One or more organic basic metal salts, and(C) one or more alkoxylated amines.

Abstract: Sulfurized compositions are prepared by the reaction of unsaturated compounds and a mixture of sulfur and hydrogen sulfide under superatmospheric pressure and in the presence of a catalyst, followed by removal of low boiling materials. They are useful as lubricant additives.

Abstract: Sulfurized compositions are prepared by the reaction of unsaturated compounds and a mixture of sulfur and hydrogen sulfide under superatmospheric pressure, followed by removal of low boiling materials. They are useful as lubricant additives.

Abstract: Condensation products made by reacting an alphahaloalkyl hydroxy-aromatic compound also having at least one non-fused hydrocarbyl substituent with at least one olefinic nitrile, carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid derivative are useful as additives for fuels and lubricants. The number of carbon atoms in the aromatic hydrocarbyl compound's substituents are each about 25 while the haloalkyl group contains from one to about 36 carbons. The acid or nitrile reactant usually contains three to about forty carbons. Product made from halomethyl alkyl-substituted phenols and .alpha.,.beta.-olefinic diacid derivatives such as maleic anhydride are particularly useful. Similarly useful products can be made from these condensation products by further reacting their acid, acid derivative or nitrile groups with alcohols, polyols, monoamines, polyamines, metal salts or metals.

Abstract: Condensation products made by reacting an alpha-hydroxyalkyl hydroxy-aromatic compound also having at least one non-fused hydrocarbyl substituent with at least one olefinic nitrile, carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid derivative are useful as additives for fuels and lubricants. The total number of carbon atoms in the non-fused hydrocarbyl substituents is at least about seven while the alpha-hydroxyalkyl group contains from one to about 36 carbons and the olefinic acid or nitrile reactant usually contains two to about forty carbon atoms. Products made from hydroxymethyl alkyl-substituted phenols and .alpha.,.beta.-olefinic acid derivatives such as maleic anhydride are particularly useful. Similarly useful post-treated products can be made from these condensation products by further reaction with alcohols, amines, metal salts or metals.

Abstract: Esters of alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acids (especially alkyl-substituted salicylic acids) and the like, in which the alkyl substituent contains at least about 10 carbon atoms, are useful as dispersant additives for lubricants and fuels. Particularly useful are esters in which the substituent is derived from propylene, 1-butene or isobutene and has a molecular weight of about 150-1750, and in which the alkyl moiety is derived from pentaerythritol. Such esters are preferably prepared by the reaction of the corresponding organic hydroxy compound with a vic-hydroxyalkyl ester of the salicylic acid.

Abstract: Amides of alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acids (especially alkyl-substituted salicylic acids) and the like, in which the alkyl substituent contains at least about 10 carbon atoms, are useful as dispersant additives for lubricants and fuels. Particularly useful are salicylamides in which the substituent is derived from propylene, 1-butene or isobutene and has a molecular weight of about 150-1750, and in which the amide moiety is derived from an alkylene polyamine. Such amides are preferably prepared by the reaction of the corresponding nitrogen-containing compound with a vic-hydroxyalkyl ester of the salicylic acid.

Abstract: Metallocene that is polymerizable by free radical catalysis and has metal nucleus in a state of oxidation below its maximum can be polymerized without oxidation of such nucleus by forming a reaction mixture containing said metallocene and the reducing agent of a redox catalyst combination, then initiating and maintaining polymerization of said metallocene with the gradual addition of the oxidizing agent of said combination to said reaction mixture.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing a beta-prime stable, tough, plastic and untempered pastry shortening which is functional for roll-in dough pastry applications over the temperature range of 50 to 90.degree.F. The shortening can be hydrous or anhydrous and is compounded from vegetable fat and mixtures of vegetable fat and animal fats. The compounded shortening is heated to the molten state and rapidly chilled with agitation as in a Votator A heat exchanger to a temperature of 62.degree. to 80.degree. F. and further chilled and kneaded as in Votator C heat exchanger at a temperature of 60.degree. to 75.degree. F. to form a plastic shortening mass which is extruded into desired form.

Abstract: U. V. polymerization of a photopolymerizable vehicle is improved by incorporating into the vehicle about 0.5-10% by weight of a 2-methyl substituted benzimidazole.

Abstract: Ultraviolet polymerization of photopolymerizable binders or vehicles is improved by incorporating thereinto a sensitizer composition comprising an activated halogenated azine compound.

Abstract: There is disclosed a pareve liquid coffee whitener characterized by having freeze-thaw stability, which comprises an aqueous emulsion of vegetable fat, vegetable protein, carbohydrates, and emulsifiers therefor, said emulsifiers consisting essentially of monoglycerides, partial fatty acid esters of hexitol, ethoxylated partial fatty acid esters of hexitol, and stearoyl-2-lactylic acid.